Degradable starch microspheres transarterial chemoembolization (DSM-TACE) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: results from the Prospective Multicenter Observational HepaStar Trial.

Objectives: Despite increasing interest, prospective data on the use of degradable starch microsphere-transarterial chemoembolization (DSM-TACE) in the management of patients with unresectable HCC are still scarce. The objective of the HepaStar study was to collect prospective safety and effectiveness data in a prospective multicenter observational study.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2017 and December 2022, consecutive participants with unresectable or recurrent HCC treated with DSM-TACE as standard of care at 6 participating centers in Europe were enrolled.

MRI-guided in-bore biopsy of the prostate - defining the optimal number of cores needed.

Background: Numerous studies have shown that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted biopsy approaches are superior to traditional systematic transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy (TRUS-Bx). The optimal number of biopsy cores to be obtained per lesion identified on multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) images, however, remains a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incremental value of additional biopsy cores in an MRI-targeted "in-bore"-biopsy (MRI-Bx) setting.

Are dilution, slow injection and care bolus technique the causal solution to mitigating arterial-phase artifacts on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI? A large-cohort study.

Objective: Arterial-phase artifacts are gadoxetic acid (GA)-enhanced MRI's major drawback, ranging from 5 to 39%. We evaluate the effect of dilution and slow injection of GA using automated fluoroscopic triggering on liver MRI arterial-phase (AP) acquisition timing, artifact frequency, and lesion visibility.

Methods And Materials: Saline-diluted 1:1 GA was injected at 1 ml/s into 1413 patients for 3 T liver MRI.

A comprehensive comparison between mpMRI of the prostate, MR-US fusion biopsy and whole mount histopathology.

Objectives: To compare multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) findings, US-MR fusion prostate biopsy results and whole-mount thin-section histopathology after radical prostatectomy.

Patients And Methods: Overall 259 patients, who had undergone mpMRI with lesions reported as PI-RADS 3-5, underwent a MR-US fusion biopsy between 2018 and 2020. Overall 186 biopsies yielded prostate cancer and 104 patients subsequently underwent endoscopic extraperitoneal radical prostatectomy.

Imaging of Small-Bowel Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Expert Panel Narrative Review.

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of the small bowel are typically slow-growing lesions that remain asymptomatic until reaching an advanced stage. Imaging modalities for lesion detection, staging, and follow-up in patients with known or suspected NEN include CT enterography, MR enterography, and PET/CT using a somatostatin receptor analog. FDG PET/CT may have a role in the evaluation of poorly differentiated NENs.

LI-RADS Made Easy.

Purpose: The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS v2018) standardizes the interpretation and reporting of MDCT and MRI examinations in patients at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials And Methods: For focal liver lesions (called "observations") it assigns categories (LR-1 to 5, LR-M, LR-TIV, LR-TR), which reflect the probability of benignity or malignancy (HCC or other non-HCC malignancies) of the respective observation. The categories assigned are based on major and ancillary image features, which have been developed by the American College of Radiology (ACR), revised several times (now v2018), and validated in many studies.

Liver venous deprivation for resection of advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma-a case report and review of the literature.

Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is a rare primary malignancy associated with a dismal prognosis. Currently, complete extended right or left-sided hepatectomy is the primary curative therapy. Achieving a negative resection margin is associated with long-term survival and better quality of life, while post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) due to insufficient liver remnant remains the most dreaded complication with a negative effect on overall survival.

Reliability of extracellular contrast versus gadoxetic acid in assessing small liver lesions using liver imaging reporting and data system v.2018 and European association for the study of the liver criteria.

Background & Aims: The diagnostic accuracy of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) v.2018 and European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) criteria for the diagnosis of HCC have been widely evaluated, but their reliability should be investigated. We aimed to assess and compare the reliability of LI-RADS v.

2021 European Thyroid Association Guidelines for the Management of Iodine-Based Contrast Media-Induced Thyroid Dysfunction.

Given the fact that a large number of radiological examinations using iodine-based contrast media (ICM) are performed in everyday practice, clinicians should be aware of potential ICM-induced thyroid dysfunction (TD). ICM can induce hyperthyroidism (Hyper) or hypothyroidism (Hypo) due to supraphysiological concentrations of iodine in the contrast solution. The prevalence of ICM-induced TD varies from 1 to 15%.

Minimally Invasive Approach for Complicated Choledocholithiasis in an Elderly Patient After Roux-Y Gastric Bypass.

Gallstone disease after bariatric surgery is a common condition due to the obesity and rapid weight loss. Because of increasing obesity amongst the population, and the gastric bypass having been established as the standard treatment for morbid obesity, the occurrence of bile duct stones after this kind of surgery remains a therapeutic dilemma. We present a case of obstructed choledocholithiasis with shrinking of the gallbladder and consequent cholangitis in a 69-year-old Caucasian male patient after a laparoscopic Roux-and-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), who underwent a successful laparoscopic single-stage bile stone removal of the choledochal duct using intraoperative ultrasound and choledochoscopy.

Performance of a new natural oral contrast agent (LumiVision®) in dynamic MR swallowing.

Objectives: To evaluate image quality by first use of LumiVision® in dynamic MR swallowing, a contrast medium consisting of biological substances versus a gadolinium-buttermilk mixture in patients who underwent Nissen fundoplication due to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Methods: The protocol of this retrospective study was approved by the local Institutional Review Board. A hundred twenty-nine patients (146 examinations) underwent a dynamic MR swallowing study (at 1.

High Cortico-Trabecular Transitional Zone Porosity and Reduced Trabecular Density in Men and Women with Stress Fractures.

To determine whether stress fractures are associated with bone microstructural deterioration we quantified distal radial and the unfractured distal tibia using high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography in 26 cases with lower limb stress fractures (15 males, 11 females; mean age 37.1 ± 3.1 years) and 62 age-matched healthy controls (24 males, 38 females; mean age 35.

Extracorporeal Partial Nephrectomy with Orthotopic Autotransplantation under Pharmaco-Cold Ischaemia for Cancer of a Single Kidney: A Case Report.

Up to 10% of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have locally advanced disease with venous tumour thrombosis involving the inferior vena cava (IVC). 30-50% of them present with synchronous metastatic disease. Surgical treatment remains the only potentially radical method for patients suffering from RCC and IVC tumour thrombosis without distant metastases.

Mass-forming pancreatitis versus pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: CT and MR imaging for differentiation.

Various inflammatory abnormalities of the pancreas can mimic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) at cross-sectional imaging. Misdiagnosis of PDAC at imaging may lead to unnecessary surgery. On the other hand, chronic pancreatitis (CP) bears a greater risk of developing PDAC during the course of the disease.

Crohn's disease: prevalence, MR features, and clinical significance of enteric and colonic sinus tracts.

Objectives: Enteric and colonic sinus tracts are inflammatory complications that precede intestinal fistulas in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). The aim of this study was to retrospectively determine the prevalence, morphologic features, and outcome of sinus tracts using MR imaging.

Methods: A consecutive cohort of 642 patients with known CD, referred for MR enterography or MR enteroclysis (study period 01/2014-09/2019), was evaluated retrospectively for the presence of sinus tracts, their locations, presence and length of coexisting strictures, bowel wall thickness, CDMI score, upstream dilation, and bowel distension.

Ramucirumab plus paclitaxel or FOLFIRI in platinum-refractory advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma-experience at two centres.

Background: Ramucirumab is a VEGFR-2 antibody that has proven to prolong overall survival (OS) in patients with pretreated metastatic gastric/gastrooesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. We present data from patients treated with ramucirumab and paclitaxel or FOLFIRI after failure of at least one platinum- and 5-FU-containing chemotherapy (CHT) regimen.

Methods: In this retrospective two-center study, 56 patients with metastatic gastric cancer (47%) or adenocarcinoma of the GEJ (53%) were treated with paclitaxel and ramucirumab (n=38) as second-line (75%) or beyond second-line (25%) therapy.

Complications of central venous port systems: a pictorial review.

Central venous port devices are indicated for patients, who need long-term intravenous therapy. Oncologic patients may require intermittent administration of chemotherapy, parenteral nutrition, infusions, or blood transfusions. A venous port system is composed of a port chamber attached to a central catheter, which is implanted into the central venous system.

Giant hepatic angiomyolipoma: a case report.

Hepatic angiomyolipoma (AML) is a rare mesenchymal tumour with an undetermined malignant potential. Clinical symptoms are non-specific. The radiological hallmarks are high vascularization of lesion and presence of macroscopic fat.

[Differential diagnosis of gallbladder abnormalities : Ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging].

Clinical Issue: Due to the high prevalence of clinically suspected cholecystitis or cholecystolithiasis the gallbladder is one of the organs examined the most by imaging.

Standard Radiological Methods: In most clinical settings ultrasound is the primary imaging method because of its wide availability, speed and superior spatial resolution. In cases of ambiguous findings or potential complications computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used.