[Do the New German OPS codes map the relevant therapeutic activities in psychiatric clinics?].

Objective: Actual codes for operations and procedures (OPS) in psychiatry and psychosomatics should map cost separating therapeutic activities so far defined in Germany by the normative specifications of the psychiatry staff enactment (PsychPV). OPS codes should also allow re-estimating underlying therapy times.

Method: Therapeutic activities of the PsychPV fulfilling the minimal criteria of the OPS definition were classified as multiples of a therapeutic 25 minute unit.

[Recurrent dysregulation of body temperature during antipsychotic pharmacotherapy].

Objective: This case report presents a rare, potentially life-threatening vegetative disturbance, which can occur during pharmacotherapy of schizophrenia.

Method: A retrospective descriptive transversal and longitudinal section consideration of in-patient treatments of one female was performed.

Results: A 50-years old woman suffering from oligophrenia and disorganized psychosis (ICD-10: F71, F20.

Binding by temporal structure in multiple feature domains of an oscillatory neuronal network.

An important step in visual processing is the segregation of objects in a visual scene from one another and from the embedding background. According to current theories of visual neuroscience, the different features of a particular object are represented by cells which are spatially distributed across multiple visual areas in the brain. The segregation of an object therefore requires the unique identification and integration of the pertaining cells which have to be "bound" into one assembly coding for the object in question.

Temporal coding in the visual cortex: new vistas on integration in the nervous system.

Although our knowledge of the cellular components of the cortex is accumulating rapidly, we are still largely ignorant about how distributed neuronal activity can be integrated to contribute to unified perception and behaviour. In the visual system, it is still unresolved how responses of feature-detecting neurons can be bound into representations of perceptual objects. Recent crosscorrelation studies show that visual cortical neurons synchronize their responses depending on how coherent features are in the visual field.

Designing a neural network simulator--the MENS modelling environment for network systems: II.

During recent years, neural network research has been extended to a large number of different fields, increasingly attracting the interest of workers from various disciplines. The computer simulations carried out with this research require an appropriate software environment. The computational similarities of many kinds of simulations allow the design of software components that are largely independent of the specific application.

Designing a neural network simulator--the MENS modelling environment for network systems: I.

During recent years, the field of neural network research has increasingly attracted the interest of workers from a large number of different disciplines. Current research topics include aspects as different as detailed simulations in brain physiology, predictions of protein structure in biochemistry, database organization in computer science, or various technical applications. The common scheme behind these different approaches is the use of distributed networks of simple computational elements that communicate with each other by means of weighted links.

Stimulus-Dependent Assembly Formation of Oscillatory Responses: II. Desynchronization.

Recent theoretical and experimental work suggests a temporal structure of neuronal spike activity as a potential mechanism for solving the binding problem in the brain. In particular, recordings from cat visual cortex demonstrate the possibility that stimulus coherency is coded by synchronization of oscillatory neuronal responses. Coding by synchronized oscillatory activity has to avoid bulk synchronization within entire cortical areas.

Stimulus-Dependent Assembly Formation of Oscillatory Responses: I. Synchronization.

Current concepts in neurobiology of vision assume that local object features are represented by distributed neuronal populations in the brain. Such representations can lead to ambiguities if several distinct objects are simultaneously present in the visual field. Temporal characteristics of the neuronal activity have been proposed as a possible solution to this problem and have been found in various cortical areas.

On Riccati equations describing impedance relations for forward and backward excitation in the one-dimensional cochlea model.

Recent experimental observations of otoacoustic emissions suggest the existence of spontaneous emitters of sound on the basilar membrane. These tend to send off waves not only in the normal direction of propagation. It is therefore significant to study the environmental conditions such an emitter finds inside the cochlea.

Forward and reverse waves in the one-dimensional model of the cochlea.

Consideration of a source of oto-acoustic emission in a cochlear model implies consideration of the types of waves that such a source can emit. One wave travels in the normal, forward, direction. As any other forward wave it undergoes little or no reflection and it eventually disappears completely because of dissipation.