Automatic detection and multi-component segmentation of brain metastases in longitudinal MRI.

Manual segmentation of lesions, required for radiotherapy planning and follow-up, is time-consuming and error-prone. Automatic detection and segmentation can assist radiologists in these tasks. This work explores the automated detection and segmentation of brain metastases (BMs) in longitudinal MRIs.

Hybrid ultra-high and conventional dose rate treatments with electrons and photons for the clinical transfer of FLASH-RT to deep-seated targets: A treatment planning study.

Purpose: This study explores the dosimetric feasibility and plan quality of hybrid ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) electron and conventional dose rate (CDR) photon (HUC) radiotherapy for treating deep-seated tumours with FLASH-RT.

Methods: HUC treatment planning was conducted optimizing a broad UHDR electron beam (between 20-250 MeV) combined with a CDR VMAT for a glioblastoma, a pancreatic cancer, and a prostate cancer case. HUC plans were based on clinical prescription and fractionation schemes and compared against clinically delivered plans.

Stereotactic radio-neurosurgery for jugular foramen schwannomas.

Background: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) represents a minimally invasive and valuable alternative for jugular foramen schwannomas (JFS), both as upfront and/or adjuvant treatment (in hybrid approaches).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of our cases treated at the Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) from June 2010 to October 2023. Eleven patients underwent SRS, among whom three had prior surgery, two in our center in the frame of a planned combined approach and one in another center.

Patient selection, ventricular tachycardia substrate delineation and data transfer for stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation. A Clinical Consensus Statement of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the ESC and the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS).

Stereotactic arrythmia radioablation (STAR) is a novel, non-invasive and promising treatment option for ventricular arrythmias (VA). It has been applied in highly selected patients mainly as bail-out procedure, when (multiple) catheter-ablations, together with anti-arrhythmic drugs, were unable to control the VAs. Despite the increasing clinical use there is still limited knowledge of the acute and long-term response of normal and diseased myocardium to STAR.

Long-Term Results of Stereotactic Radiotherapy in Patients with at Least 10 Brain Metastases at Diagnosis.

Purpose: to evaluate an SRT approach in patients with at least 10 lesions at the time of BM initial diagnosis.

Methods: This is a monocentric prospective cohort of patients treated by SRT, followed by a brain MRI every two months. Subsequent SRT could be delivered in cases of new BMs during follow-up.

Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Stereotactic Fractionated Radiotherapy in the Management of Brain Metastases.

The management of brain metastases (BM) remains an important and complex issue in the treatment of cancer-related neurological complications. BM are particularly common in patients diagnosed with lung, melanoma, or breast cancer. Over the past decade, therapeutic approaches for the majority of BM patients have changed.

Response of Brain and Meningeal Metastases to Trastuzumab-Deruxtecan in a Patient with HER2-Low Breast Cancer: A Case Report.

Nervous system metastases (CNSm) are late events associated with poor outcomes in endocrine-sensitive HER2-negative breast cancer (BC) patients, especially in the presence of leptomeningeal disease (LMD). Effective treatments are extremely limited in this setting. The antibody-drug conjugate, trastuzumab-deruxtecan (T-DXd), which combines the anti-HER2 antibody trastuzumab with a topoisomerase type 1 inhibitor, showed high efficacy not only against HER2-positive but also HER2-low metastatic BCs, expressing HER2 at a lower level.

Single fraction and hypofractionated radiosurgery for perioptic meningiomas-tumor control and visual outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Perioptic meningiomas, defined as those that are less than 3 mm from the optic apparatus, are challenging to treat with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Tumor control must be weighed against the risk of radiation-induced optic neuropathy (RION), as both tumor progression and RION can lead to visual decline. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of single fraction SRS and hypofractionated radiosurgery (hfRS) for perioptic meningiomas, evaluating tumor control and visual preservation rates.

Case report: First-in-human combined low-dose whole-heart irradiation and high-dose stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation for immunosuppressive refractory cardiac sarcoidosis and ventricular tachycardia.

Background: Cardiac sarcoidosis is associated with heart failure, conduction abnormalities, and life-threatening arrhythmias including ventricular tachycardia (VT). Radiotherapy has been suggested as a treatment for extra-cardiac sarcoidosis in patients refractory to immunomodulatory treatment.

Methods: The effectiveness and safety of low-dose whole-heart radiotherapy for therapy refractory cardiac sarcoidosis were evaluated in a pre- and post-intervention case report comparing the 54 months before and after treatment.

Impact of the Mean Cochlear Biologically Effective Dose on Hearing Preservation After Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Vestibular Schwannoma: A Retrospective Longitudinal Analysis.

Background And Objectives: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a useful alternative for small- to medium-sized vestibular schwannoma. To evaluate whether biologically effective dose (BED Gy2.47 ), calculated for mean (BED Gy2.

Proton beam radiation therapy for vestibular schwannomas-tumor control and hearing preservation rates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Proton beam therapy is considered, by some authors, as having the advantage of delivering dose distributions more conformal to target compared with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Here, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of proton beam for VSs, evaluating tumor control and cranial nerve preservation rates, particularly with regard to facial and hearing preservation.

Methods: We reviewed, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) articles published between 1968 and September 30, 2022.

The Relevance of Biologically Effective Dose for Hearing Preservation After Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Vestibular Schwannomas: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study.

Background: Stereotactic radiosurgery has become a common treatment approach for small-to-medium size vestibular schwannomas.

Objective: To evaluate relationship between time (beam-on and treatment) and risk of hearing decline after stereotactic radiosurgery for vestibular schwannomas in patients with Gardner-Robertson (GR) baseline classes I and II.

Methods: This retrospective longitudinal single-center study included 213 patients with GR I and II treated between June 2010 and December 2019.

Re-irradiation of recurrent vertebral metastasis after two previous spinal cord irradiation: A case report.

Background: Management of a recurrent vertebral metastasis in a situation of previously irradiated spinal cord is a challenging clinical dilemma.

Case Presentation: We report a first case of second retreatment of a spinal metastasis initially irradiated with standard radiotherapy and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), who subsequently progressed with imaging-confirmed local tumor progression at the same level. After a third course of irradiation with SBRT, a complete response was achieved.

Salvage LATTICE radiotherapy for a growing tumour despite conventional radio chemotherapy treatment of lung cancer.

A 40-year-old patient with cT4cN1M0 squamous cell lung cancer of the upper right lobe received preoperative induction chemotherapy. Systemic induction treatment failed to reverse tumour growth with the addition of conventional radiotherapy (RT). A salvage lattice RT boost of 12 Gy was administered immediately to increase the dose to the tumour.

The role of single fraction Gamma Knife radiosurgery for intraventricular central neurocytomas and the utility of F-18 fluroethyltyrosine: two case reports.

Background: Primary treatment of central neurocytomas is surgical resection. Gamma Knife surgery is considered a valuable therapeutic option in case of residual (after subtotal resection) or recurrent central neurocytomas. Here, we focused on the role of F-18 fluroethyltyrosine as a marker to document tumor progression after initial resection, in the context of an atypical central neurocytoma.

Refractory ventricular tachycardia treated by a second session of stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation.

Purpose: Stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation (STAR) is an effective treatment for refractory ventricular tachycardia (VT), but recurrences after STAR were recently published. Herein, we report two cases of successful re-irradiation of the arrhythmogenic substrate.

Cases: We present two cases of re-irradiation after recurrence of a previously treated VT with radioablation at a dose of 20 Gy.

[Management of brain metastases in 2022].

Brain metastases (BM) are a common occurrence of systemic cancers. Technical improvements in neuroimaging offer additional tools for an early detection of BM, to target them precisely and differentiate these lesions from other cerebral pathologies. The therapeutic tools have also evolved from neurosurgery and whole brain therapy to include stereotactic radiosurgery, targeted and immune therapies.

Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in Patients with Oligometastatic Disease: Clinical State of the Art and Perspectives.

Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a form of radiation therapy (RT) in which a small number of high doses of radiation are delivered to a target volume using highly sophisticated equipment. Stereotactic body radiation therapy is crucial in two cancer stages: early primary cancer and oligometastatic disease, with the goal of inducing complete cancer remission in both. This treatment method is commonly used to treat a variety of disease types.

Comparison of ultra-high versus conventional dose rate radiotherapy in a patient with cutaneous lymphoma.

A patient with a cutaneous lymphoma was treated on the same day for 2 distinct tumors using a 15 Gy single electron dose given in a dose rate of 0.08 Gy/second versus 166 Gy/second. Comparing the two treatments, there was no difference for acute reactions, late effects at 2 years and tumor control.