Sexual Orientation/Gender Identity Discrimination and Chronic Pain in Children: A National Study.

Introduction: This study provides national estimates of parental perceived child sexual orientation or gender minority (SGM) discrimination and examines associations between SGM discrimination and chronic pain in children.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of the 2020 and 2021 National Survey of Children's Health (N=47,213). Caregivers of children ages 6-17 years old reported whether their child had ever been treated or judged unfairly (i.

Characteristics and outcomes of youth with functional seizures attending intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment.

Functional seizures (FS) can be debilitating and negatively impact quality of life. Yet intervention research for FS is limited, especially for youth. This study examined clinical characteristics and outcomes of youth with FS (13-23 years) presenting to a pediatric intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment (IIPT) program in the midwestern United States.

Gender Diversity Among Youth Attending an Intensive Interdisciplinary Pain Treatment Program.

Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth with chronic pain may be at unique risk for psychological distress and associated functional impairment, yet research on the intersection of chronic pain and gender identity is lacking. In a retrospective chart review of 491 participants admitted to a pediatric intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment (IIPT) program in the midwestern United States over an approximately 4-year period, 6.11% were TGD.

Psychosocial Functioning of Parents of Youth Receiving Intensive Interdisciplinary Pain Treatment.

Objective: Parents of youth with chronic pain report psychosocial difficulties, yet treatment often focuses on improving their child's functioning and pain. This study evaluated changes in parents' social and emotional functioning and explored predictors of change, as they completed a parent-focused intervention while their child was enrolled in an intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment (IIPT) program.

Methods: Parents (n = 69) completed questionnaires at baseline and weekly (average duration of 4 weeks) during their child's participation in IIPT.

Exposure therapy for social anxiety disorder in people who stutter: An exploratory multiple baseline design.

Background & Objectives: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a debilitating condition, and approximately half of adults who stutter have SAD. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has shown promise in decreasing social anxiety symptoms among adults who stutter, but exposure, arguably the essential component for successful CBT for SAD, has been understudied and underemphasized. Aims of this study were to develop an exposure therapy protocol designed specifically for people who stutter and have SAD and evaluate its potential efficacy in reducing social anxiety and stuttering severity using a multiple baseline design.

Monophasic luminal release of prostaglandin E2 in patients with reflux esophagitis under the impact of acid and acid/pepsin solutions. Its potential pathogenetic significance.

Normal human esophageal mucosa exhibits biphasic secretory responses to intraluminal stimuli in terms of PGE2 release with a decline under the impact of HCl and an increase in PGE2 release during mucosal exposure to HCl/Pepsin. PGE2 secretory patterns in patients with reflux esophagitis (RE) remain unknown. We have studied, therefore, luminal release of PGE2 in 28 patients with nonhealed and healed RE, and compared the obtained results with corresponding values recorded in controls.

The association between residents' work-rounds styles and the process and outcome of medical care.

Objective: To determine whether the manner in which residents conduct work rounds is associated with the adequacy of their care processes and the outcomes of their patients.

Methods: Two types of data were collected: time and motion data for residents (n = 12) during work rounds, and clinical and outcome data for the patients they cared for during the observation period (n = 211). Five residents were classified as data gatherers because they spent twice as much time gathering clinical data about their patients as they spent engaging in other activities.

Pleural effusion: comparison of clinical judgment and Light's criteria in determining the cause.

Pleural fluid analysis is often the initial diagnostic test used to determine the cause of a pleural effusion. We prospectively studied 33 consecutive patients with pleural effusions to determine whether the fluid arose from a transudative or an exudative process. Clinical judgment by an internist before thoracentesis and both serum and pleural fluid protein and lactic dehydrogenase levels (commonly referred to as "Light's criteria") were compared to the patient's final diagnosis.

Characteristics of house staff work rounds on two academic general medicine services.

In this study, the authors determined how residents in internal medicine allotted their time during patient management rounds (work rounds). Fourteen house staff teams were observed for four days each, and the time spent on all activities was recorded. Of the 56 days studied, work rounds were not conducted on nine days.

Preparation for barium enema: comparison of a commercial formula diet and low-residue, clear-liquid diets in inpatients.

The barium enema examination is the most frequently done initial diagnostic evaluation for disease of the lower gastrointestinal tract. Adequate preparation of the colon is essential because inadequate preparation necessitates repetition, with patient discomfort, decreased caloric intake, and increased cost. A formula diet (Ensure) has been reported as superior to the usual low-residue, clear-liquid diet for bowel preparation.