NADIR: A Non-Interventional Study on the Prophylaxis of Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia Using Lipegfilgrastim - First Interim Analysis.

Background: The non-interventional study (NIS) NADIR was designed to assess the effectiveness and safety of lipegfilgrastim, a novel glycopegylated granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, in reducing the risk of both febrile and severe neutropenia.

Methods: Here, the interim analysis of NIS Nadir performed under real-world conditions at 80 oncology practices across Germany is reported. For a patient to be included, lipegfilgrastim at a subcutaneous single dose of 6 mg had to be administered during at least 1 cycle of the chemotherapy under consideration.

Evidence for UV-B-induced DNA degradation in Euglena gracilis mediated by activation of metal-dependent nucleases.

It is demonstrated that in vivo irradiation with artificial UV-B for several hours significantly reduces the amount of large DNA extractable from immobilized Euglena in comparison with non-irradiated controls. This UV-B effect can be eliminated by a drastic reduction of the divalent ion concentration in the extracellular medium, i.e.

Polar distribution of annexin-like proteins during phytochrome-mediated initiation and growth of rhizoids in the ferns Dryopteris and Anemia.

Although the calcium requirement of phytochrome-mediated fern spore germination and early rhizoid growth is well established, the calcium-binding proteins that serve as transducers for these responses are not known. Here we report the presence of annexin-like proteins in germinating spores of Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott and Anemia phyllitidis (L.

Detection and partial sequence of phytochrome genes in the ferns Anemia phyllitidis (L.)Sw (Schizaeaceae) and Dryopteris filix-mas L. (Polypodiaceae) by using polymerase-chain reaction technology.

Phytochrome controls several developmental steps during formation and differentiation of the fern gametophyte, including spore germination, morphogenesis of the gametophyte or differentiation of the sexual cells. To obtain information about the amino acid sequence and the regulation of phytochrome expression at the gene level, two degenerated oligonucleotides against well conserved amino acid regions were designed after an optimal alignment of the known phytochrome sequences. These primers were tested against DNA isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana, and the polymerase-chain reaction (PCR) products were cloned and sequenced.

Phytochrome-mediated germination and early development in spores of Dryopteris filix-mas L.: phase-specific and non phase-specific inhibition by staurosporine.

The alkaloid staurosporine, currently known as the most potent inhibitor of protein kinase C, PKC, was tested for its ability to inhibit phytochrome-mediated spore germination in Dryopteris filix-mas L., evaluated by the induction of chlorophyll synthesis. Approximately half-maximal inhibition was obtained at a concentration of 10(-5) M.

Determination of cytoplasmic calcium concentration in Dryopteris spores : A developmentally non-disruptive technique for loading of the calcium indicator fura-2.

Germination of Dryopteris spores is mediated by the physiologically active, far-red-absorbing form of phytochrome, Pfr, and external Ca(2+) is necessary for the transduction of the light signal. Because knowledge about the cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration, [Ca(2+)]i, is of great importance for understanding the role of calcium during signal transduction, this value was measured using fura-2 in fern spores undergoing the normal developmental progression into germination. Fura-2 was loaded into the spores by electroporation, which does not disrupt the normal process of germination.

Determination of cytoplasmic calcium concentration in Dryopteris spores: a developmentally non-disruptive technique for loading of the calcium indicator fura-2.

Germination of Dryopteris spores is mediated by the physiologically active, far-red-absorbing form of phytochrome, Pfr, and external Ca2+ is necessary for the transduction of the light signal. Because knowledge about the cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration, [Ca2+]i, is of great importance for understanding the role of calcium during signal transduction, this value was measured using fura-2 in fern spores undergoing the normal developmental progression into germination. Fura-2 was loaded into the spores by electroporation, which does not disrupt the normal process of germination.

Calcium requirement of phytochrome-mediated fern-spore germination: No direct phytochrome-calcium interaction in the phytochrome-initiated transduction chain.

Phytochrome-mediated germination of fern spores of Dryopteris paleacea Sw. was initiated by a saturating red-light (R) irradiation after 20 h of imbibition. For its realization external Ca(2+) was required, with a threshold at a submicromolar concentration, and an optimum was reached around 10(-4) M.

Calcium requirement of phytochrome-mediated fern-spore germination: no direct phytochrome-calcium interaction in the phytochrome-initiated transduction chain.

Phytochrome-mediated germination of fern spores of Dryopteris paleacea Sw. was initiated by a saturating red-light (R) irradiation after 20 h of imbibition. For its realization external Ca2+ was required, with a threshold at a submicromolar concentration, and an optimum was reached around 10(-4) M.

Early quantitative method for measuring germination in non-green spores of Dryopteris paleacea using an epifluorescence-microscope technique.

A method is described to determine germination by blue-light excited red fluorescence in the positively photoblastic spores of Dryopteris paleacea Sw. This fluorescence is due to chlorophyll as evidenced from 1) a fluorescence-emission spectrum in vivo, where a bright fluorescence around 675 nm is obtained only in red light (R)-irradiated spores and 2) in vitro measurements with acetone extracts prepared from homogenized spores. Significant amounts of chlorophyll can be found only in R-treated spores; this chlorophyll exhibits an emission band around 668 nm, when irradiated with 430 nm light at 21 degrees C.