Nutrition education in medical schools (NEMS). An ESPEN position paper.

Background & Aims: Nutrition education is necessary in the training of healthcare professionals, including medical students. However, recent surveys showed that there is a high variability within Medical Schools in different countries. The aim of this ESPEN position paper is to identify a minimum curriculum knowledge in nutrition that serves to improve the training of the future doctors and how to solve the main barriers of its implementation in university centres.

Parental separation and behaviours that influence the health of infants aged 28 to 32 months: a cross-sectional study.

Background: In Western countries, many children are affected by the separation of their parents. The study's main objective was to analyse the parental behaviours potentially influential for preschool children's health by family structure (parents together or separated).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study based on data collected from examinations as part of free preventive medical consultations in the French Community of Belgium.

[The general practitioner confronted with aggressive patients].

The general practitioner is regularly confronted with aggressive patients. He will have to spot the very first signs in order to manage as quickly as possible such a situation. The ideal is to remain calm, to listen actively and to try to understand the cause of the aggressiveness, knowing that it is not always directed against the doctor.

Parental separation: a risk for the psychomotor development of children aged 28 to 32 months? A cross-sectional study.

Background: In Western countries, about a quarter of children are affected by parental separation and a number of authors have previously investigated how familial structure impacts children's health. The purpose of the work: to analyze the psychomotor development of children aged 28 to 32 months based on family structure (parents together or separated), independently of the influence of socio-economic environment that is well documented. To analyse the psychomotor development of children younger than 3 years based on family structure (parents together or separated) independently of the influence of socio-economic environment that is well documented.

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Medical studies have recently undergone three reforms in Belgium : passing from 7 to 6 years, the " Paysage " decree and the organization of a competition at the end of the first year. The article analyzes these reforms and organizational and educational consequences.

Not living with both parents is associated with more health- and developmental problems in infants aged 7 to 11 months: a cross sectional study.

Background: In Western countries, many children are affected by the separation of their parents. Our main objective was to assess the possible impact of parental separation family structure on certain aspects of somatic health in low-age children.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study based on data collected in the framework of free preventive medicine consultations in the French Community of Belgium.

[Anti-pneumococcal vaccination in 2014].

In 2007, due to the number of invasive pneumococcal infections and resistance to antibiotics, Belgium introduced juvenile anti-pneumococcal vaccination, recommending the 7-valent conjugate vaccine which provides better immune protection and memory than the 23-valent one for adults. In 2011, due to the increase in non-vaccine serotypes, the decision was taken to replace the 7-valent vaccine with a conjugate 13-valent one. Henceforth, essentially high-risk adults are given a 13-valent vaccine followed 8 weeks later by a 23-valent one, with a 23-valent booster every 5 years.

Parental separation and behaviours that influence the health of infants aged 7-11 months: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Analyse the parental behaviours that are recognised as influencing the health of very young children based on family structure (parents separated or not).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Free preventive medicine consultations in the French Community of Belgium.

[The global medical record + (DMG+), tool for prevention in first line care].

The "global medical record +" can be offered to all 45 to 75 year-old patients in the form of a prevention module within the global medical record and which the general practitioner and the patient will regularly update. It will include in particular an assessment of cardiovascular risk, cervical, breast and colon cancer screening, a check of main adult vaccinations, as well as a primary prevention section focused on smoking, alcohol consumption and various hygiene and dietary measures. The inclusion of this module in a computerized medical record will make it more efficient and will lighten the practitioner's workload.

[General practitioner and care procedure for diabetes].

A care procedure for type 2 diabetics was set up in Belgium in 2009. A three-way contract can be concluded between some patients, their general practitioner and their diabetologist to improve support, to promote communication among the care givers and to stimulate the patients' active participation and self-evaluation. The care teams are backed up by instructors, dieticians and podologists.

[General medicine in the 21st century].

General medicine is the main pivot of our healthcare system. General practitioners' tasks are numerous: front line responsibility, networking coordination, long-term patient care, community medicine and also primary care research. In the framework of general medicine that has been undergoing profound change for many years, we have chosen to develop three of these facets: general practitioners' knowledge of family, psychological, social or environmental factors and their capacity to coordinate with other health workers will help them in their primary and secondary prevention and also quaternary work by sparing patients unnecessary treatment and examinations.

[Rational use of antibiotics. Reality on the ground of the general medicine].

General practitioners, central to Belgian healthcare, can have an impact on its cost, e.g. by rationalising the prescription of antibiotics.

[Communication general practitioner/patient in the light of the patient' rights law].

The law relating to patients' rights, published in 2002 in Belgium, could change communication and even relations between general practitioners and their patients. This law stipulates, among other things, the information to be communicated to the patient, the rules for file sharing and litigation procedure. In the field, this law should be applied more by the spirit rather than the letter so as to preserve trust, the source of a real partnership.

[Study of the follow-up by the general practitioner of the children of separated parents].

In Belgium, on 10 millions of inhabitants, there are more than 31.000 divorces per year and we estimate that 600.000 children are experiencing separation of their parents.

Recommendations for the use of the 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine in adults: a Belgian consensus report.

A multidisciplinary expert panel, appointed by the High Council for Public Health, evaluated the scientific evidence on which the recommendations for the appropriate use of the pneumococcal vaccine was based and reviewed the studies that became available since previous reports. The conclusions of the working group, presented in this manuscript, resulted in an update of the Belgian recommendations for pneumococcal vaccination.

[General practitioners and vaccination coverage of the population].

Adults have insufficient vaccination coverage in Belgium today. It is up to the general practitioner, who is a key player in the Belgian health system, to ensure that this coverage is improved. The most efficient measures are: systematic patient notification, population and practitioner instruction, reduced cost for the patient, improved access to vaccination services and vaccination reminders to practitioners.

[Implications of the new law relating to euthanasia for the general practitioner].

The new law relative to euthanasia does not explicitly foresee the implication of the general practitioner when an euthanasia procedure is carried out an hospital. At home, the law confers a central role on the general practitioner as far as information and coordination are concerned. There is a risk that the foreseen procedure will, in some cases, come up against the profoundly dual and intimate aspect of the patient-doctor relationship.