Rest-Activity Rhythm, Pain, and Motor Activity in Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Although the relationships among physical disability, mood disorders, and pain are well described in multiple sclerosis (MS), little is known about whether those symptoms are associated with sleep disturbances.

Methods: Forty-six patients with MS experiencing pain participated. Sleep was indirectly measured by assessing rest-activity rhythm via actigraphy: interdaily stability, intradaily variability, and relative amplitude.

Neutralizing a Springboard for Inflammation: Physical Activity to Control the Immune Network.

The severe consequences of the present Corona Virus Disease 2019 COVID-19 pandemic seem to be closely related to an already ongoing ('first') pandemic, directly associated with a sedentary lifestyle. It seems evident that the prognosis after infection is substantially worse for individuals suffering from, for example, (visceral) obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes type 2. Consequently, it may be considered highly relevant to gain insight into the potential beneficial effects of exercise interventions to strengthen the immune system, particularly in high-risk populations.

Pain, cognition and disability in advanced multiple sclerosis.

Objectives: In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), a relationship between physical disability and pain has been observed. In addition a relationship between physical disability and cognition in MS has been suggested. However, cognitive functions and pain appear not to be correlated in MS patients.

Sensory Function and Chronic Pain in Multiple Sclerosis.

Objective: To examine whether hypoesthesia and chronic pain are related in patients with MS.

Methods: Sixty-seven MS patients with pain and 80 persons without MS were included. Sensory functioning was tested by bedside neurological examination.

Psychiatric and physical comorbidities and pain in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Background: It has been observed that patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), who have psychiatric and physical comorbidities such as depression and COPD, have an increased risk of experiencing more pain. In this study, we have distinguished between pain intensity and pain affect, as the latter, particularly, requires treatment. Furthermore, while pain and comorbidities have been assessed using questionnaires, this is possibly a less reliable method for those who are cognitively vulnerable.

Pain and Cognition in Multiple Sclerosis.

Objective: The goal of the present study was to examine the relationship between pain and cognition in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Nursing home and personal environment of the investigators.

Executive functions of sedentary elderly may benefit from walking: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The goal of the present meta-analysis was to address studies that examined the relationship between walking as one of the most prevalent types of leisure-time activity and executive function being a higher-order cognitive function essential for independent functioning.

Methods: The following data sources were used: English-language publications in PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cinahl, and Cochrane; the last search took place in January 2012. From these data sources, only randomized controlled trials including older people with (N = 3) and without (N = 5) cognitive impairment were selected.

Ascorbate in aqueous humor augments nitric oxide production by macrophages.

Immunosuppressive molecules within the aqueous humor (AqH) are thought to preserve ocular immune privilege by inhibiting proinflammatory NO production by macrophages (MΦs). Consistent with previous observations, we observed that although MΦs stimulated in the presence of AqH expressed NO synthase 2 (NOS2) protein, nitrite concentrations in culture supernatants, an indirect measure of NO production, did not increase. Interestingly, NOS2 enzymatic activity, as measured by the conversion of L-arginine (L-Arg) into L-citrulline, was augmented in lysates of MΦs stimulated in the presence of AqH.