[The Pierre Robin sequence from an anesthesiologic perspective : Presentation of the procedure based on a retrospective analysis at a university hospital].

Introduction: As part of surgical interventions in pediatric patients, children with craniofacial malformations and syndromes are presented in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery, anesthesia and also in all other clinical disciplines. In particular, the Pierre Robin sequence in the clinical context leads to a situation albeit a rare one, which should be given high attention in preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative care.

Material And Methods: In a retrospective analysis from 1993 to 2020 in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the University Hospital Halle (Saale), a total of 54 patients were identified with syndromic changes and a need for surgical treatment.

Closure of cleft lips with Pfeifer's wave line technique does not inhibit upper lip growth: A retrospective study.

The aim of this study is to describe the growth of the upper lip after reconstruction with a Pfeifer wave-line incision in patients with unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate (CL/P) in the long term. This was a longitudinal, monocentric, retrospective study. Metric standardized lip length measurements were taken annually from the age of 6 months to the age of 16 years.

[Effects of an In-House Antibiotic Stewardship Initiative on Diagnosis and Management of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Childhood and Adolescence].

Background:  Pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (pCAP) often leads to prescription of antibiotics and hospital admission of children. Unfortunately, adherence to diagnosis and treatment guidelines is inconsistent, and misuse of antibiotics may occur. Antimicrobial stewardship interventions, which were started in many hospitals during the last decade, can optimize management of pCAP without negative patient outcomes.

Psychosocial and socioeconomically aspects of mothers having a child with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P): a pilot-study during the first year of life.

Background: The emotional impact on parents at the birth of their new-born with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) can be traumatic for parents, especially mothers, and affect the sensitive early parent-child relationship. Unlike many other congenital malformations facial deformities are visible to all. The uncommon facial appearance creates feelings and reactions in the mother, families and other people.

Prophylactic nimodipine treatment improves hearing outcome after vestibular schwannoma surgery in men: a subgroup analysis of a randomized multicenter phase III trial.

A 2016 published randomized multicenter phase III trial of prophylactic nimodipine treatment in vestibular schwannoma surgery showed only a tendency for higher hearing preservation rates in the treatment group. Gender was not included in statistical analysis at that time. A retrospective analysis of the trial considering gender, preoperative hearing, and nimodipine treatment was performed.

Impact of cleft lip closure on the perception of the child by the mother and the social environment - A retrospective, self-reported, standardized pretest.

Unlabelled: The aim of the study was to describe the attractiveness of a newborn with CL/P and the maternal reaction in relation to the child. Another purpose was to explore and describe the experience and subjectively perceived reaction of the mother and the social environment to the child before and after cleft lip surgery.

Material And Methods: A study to describe and evaluate mothers' experiences, feelings and emotions (n = 84) regarding having a child with CL/P was performed.

Objective evaluation of vertical Z-plasty with double transposition vermillion flaps for secondary whistling deformity correction: A method for uni- and bilateral correction.

Objectives: This study describes a modified method for secondary correction of whistling deformities in patients with unilateral and bilateral cleft lip/palate (CL/P), using a horizontal double transposition vermilion flap, including parts of the orbicularis oris muscle. The pre- and postoperative results were objectively evaluated.

Study Design: 34 patients with a whistling deformity who underwent secondary reconstruction between 07/2013 and 11/2018 were included in this study (mean age 20.

New molecular aspects in the mechanism of oromaxillofacial cleft prevention by B-vitamins.

Clinical and experimental studies show a clear positive effect of B-vitamins in the prevention of oromaxillofacial clefts, especially cleft lip and palate (CL/P). Hereby the local effect of thiamin (B1) in the amniotic fluid is very important for the embryonic facial development as seen in palatal organ models stimulated by topical B-vitamin application (Scheller et al., 2013a).

GAL receptor knockout mice exhibit an alcohol-preferring phenotype.

Galanin is a neuropeptide which mediates its effects via three G-protein coupled receptors (GAL ). Administration of a GAL antagonist reduces alcohol self-administration in animal models while allelic variation in the GAL gene has been associated with an increased risk of alcohol use disorders in diverse human populations. Based on the association of GAL with alcoholism, we sought to characterize drug-seeking behavior in GAL -deficient mice for the first time.

Neuropeptide modulation of addiction: Focus on galanin.

Addiction is a chronic, relapsing disorder characterised by the use of a substance or act to the point of compulsion. There are a number of medical treatments available for the intervention of these disorders, however, the effectiveness of current therapeutics is far from adequate. Neuropeptides are known to modulate addictive behaviours and may provide new therapeutic targets for the treatment of substance abuse.

Association of Regulatory T-Cell Expansion With Progression of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Study of Humans and a Transgenic Mouse Model.

Importance: Neuroinflammation appears to be a key modulator of disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and thereby a promising therapeutic target. The CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T-cells (Tregs) infiltrating into the central nervous system suppress neuroinflammation and promote the activation of neuroprotective microglia in mouse models of ALS. To our knowledge, the therapeutic association of host Treg expansion with ALS progression has not been studied in vivo.

The galanin-3 receptor antagonist, SNAP 37889, suppresses alcohol drinking and morphine self-administration in mice.

The neuropeptide, galanin, is widely expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems and is involved in a range of different functions including nociception, neurogenesis, hormone release, reproduction, cognitive function and appetite. Given the overlap between galanin expression and reward circuitry in the brain, galanin has been targeted for alcohol use disorder (AUD) and opioid dependency. Furthermore, the galanin-3 receptor (GAL) specifically regulates emotional states and plays a role in motivation, reward and drug-seeking behaviour.

Interobserver variability of the House-Brackmann facial nerve grading system for the analysis of a randomized multi-center phase III trial.

Background: Evidence of a high interobserver variability of the subjective House-Brackmann facial nerve grading system (HBGS) would justify cost- and time-consuming technological enhancements of objective classifications for facial nerve paresis.

Method: A total of 112 patients were recruited for a randomized multi-center trial to investigate the efficacy of prophylactic nimodipine treatment in vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery. For the present investigation both treatment groups were pooled for the assessment of facial nerve function preoperatively, in the early postoperative course and 1 year after the surgery.

Pathogenesis of varroosis at the level of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) colony.

The parasitic mite Varroa destructor, in interaction with different viruses, is the main cause of honey bee colony mortality in most parts of the world. Here we studied how effects of individual-level parasitization are reflected by the bee colony as a whole. We measured disease progression in an apiary of 24 hives with differing degree of mite infestation, and investigated its relationship to 28 biometrical, physiological and biochemical indicators.

Sex distribution is a factor in teratogenically induced clefts and in the anti-teratogenic effect of thiamine in mice, but not in genetically determined cleft appearance.

Purpose: Cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) shows a gender-related distribution in human beings. The reason is unknown. This study analyzed the gender-related cleft appearance with respect to teratogenically and genetically determined cleft appearance and the response to thiamine (vitamin B1) supplementation.

Geochemical and γ ray characterization of Pennsylvanian black shales: Implications for elevated home radon levels in Vanderburgh County, Indiana.

Radon ((222)Rn) is a radioactive gas that results from the decay of uranium ((238)U) in the Earth's crust. This study characterizes the presence and relative quantity of radon precursors in the Pennsylvanian black shales of southwest Indiana. Cores were drilled on the campus of the University of Southern Indiana to a depth of 237.

Human responses to Florida red tides: policy awareness and adherence to local fertilizer ordinances.

To mitigate the damages of natural hazards, policy responses can be beneficial only if they are effective. Using a self-administered survey approach, this paper focuses on the adherence to local fertilizer ordinances (i.e.

Ca(2+)-deposition in cell matrix correlates significantly with osteocalcin-expression in osteogenic differentiated ATSC: Even in a coculture system with HUVEC.

Background: Tissue engineering offers the means for replacing or repairing diseased organs within the patient's body. The current problem in its clinical use is sufficient and fast revascularization of the transplanted tissues. The idea of bone-reconstruction deals with three-dimensional bone equivalents that are composed of endothelial cells (ECs) and adipose tissue derived stromal cells (ATSCs) showing osteogenic differentiation.

An improved method to prepare an injectable microemulsion of the galanin-receptor 3 selective antagonist, SNAP 37889, using Kolliphor(®) HS 15.

Research into the galanin-3 (GAL3) receptor has many challenges, including the lack of commercially available selective ligands. While the identification of non-peptidergic GAL3 receptor-selective antagonists, 1-phenyl-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]iminoindol-2-one (SNAP 37889) and 1-[3-(2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl]-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]iminoindol-2-one (SNAP 398299) have implicated a role for GAL3 receptors in anxiety, depression and drug-seeking behaviour, a major limitation of their use is poor aqueous solubility. Previously we have used 5% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) with 1% hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose in saline to dissolve SNAP 37889 for intraperitoneal (i.

Optimization of upcyte® human hepatocytes for the in vitro micronucleus assay.

"Upcyte(®) human hepatocytes" have the unique property of combining proliferation with the expression of drug metabolising activities. In our current study, we evaluated whether these cells would be suitable for early in vitro micronucleus (MN) tests. A treatment period of 96 h without a recovery period was most reliable for detecting MN formation in upcyte(®) hepatocytes from Donor 740.

Transoral, retromolar, para-tonsillar approach to the styloid process in 6 patients with Eagle's syndrome.

Objectives: Eagle's syndrome is caused by an elongated or mineralised styloid process and characterised by facial and pharyngeal pain, odynophagia and dysphagia. Diagnosis is based on clinical findings. However radiologic imaging, like panoramic radiograph, helps to confirm the diagnosis.