Technical note: Phantom-based evaluation of CBCT dose calculation accuracy for use in adaptive radiotherapy.

Background: High-quality 3D-anatomy of the day is needed for treatment plan adaptation in radiotherapy. For online x-ray-based CBCT workflows, one approach is to create a synthetic CT or to utilize a fan-beam CT with corresponding registrations. The former potentially introduces uncertainties in the dose calculation if deformable image registration is used.

Validation of a Simulation Model for Robotic Myomectomy.

Study Objective: Several simulation models have been evaluated for gynecologic procedures such as hysterectomy, but there are limited published data for myomectomy. This study aimed to assess the validity of a low-cost robotic myomectomy model for surgical simulation training.

Design: Prospective cohort simulation study.

Bibliometric Analysis of Contributions of Anesthesiology Journals and Anesthesiologists to Operating Room Management Science.

Background: Anesthesiology journals appear to have been progressively publishing a smaller percentage of operating room (OR) management studies. Similarly, non-anesthesiologists have increasingly been authors of these publications. Five hypotheses were formulated to evaluate these impressions based on 2 of the authors' curation of an online, comprehensive bibliography of OR management articles and corresponding referenced course materials.

Implementation of and Barriers to Optimizing Postpartum Care by Resident and Attending Physicians.

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists released Committee Opinion No. 736: Optimizing Postpartum Care (CO No. 736) to address severe maternal morbidity and mortality in the United States by outlining recommendations for care in the critical time following birth.

Racial and Gender Representation Trends Among National Obstetrics and Gynecology Society Leadership.

Study Objective: The purpose of this study is to review the trends in racial and gender representation among the various national obstetrics and gynecology societies' presidents over the past 15 years.

Design: A retrospective cross-sectional study.

Setting: Data obtained from publicly available information on official websites of the professional societies studied.

Effect of pre-operative warm-up on trainee intraoperative performance during robot-assisted hysterectomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The objective was to study the effect of immediate pre-operative warm-up using virtual reality simulation on intraoperative robot-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy (RALH) performance by gynecology trainees (residents and fellows).

Methods: We randomized the first, non-emergent RALH of the day that involved trainees warming up or not warming up. For cases assigned to warm-up, trainees performed a set of exercises on the da Vinci Skills Simulator immediately before the procedure.

Intermediate Cluster Disinfection: Which Disinfection Solution Is Most Effective on Milking Liners? A Comparison of Microorganism Reduction on Liner Inner Surfaces Using Quantitative Swab Sampling Technique.

During machine milking, pathogenic microorganisms can be transmitted from cow to cow through liners. Therefore, in Germany, a spray method for the intermediate disinfection of the milking cluster is often used for prevention. This method of cluster disinfection is easy to perform, requires little time and no extra materials, and the disinfection solution is safe from outside contamination in the spray bottle.

Mitigation of motion-induced artifacts in cone beam computed tomography using deep convolutional neural networks.

Background: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is often employed on radiation therapy treatment devices (linear accelerators) used in image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT). For each treatment session, it is necessary to obtain the image of the day in order to accurately position the patient and to enable adaptive treatment capabilities including auto-segmentation and dose calculation. Reconstructed CBCT images often suffer from artifacts, in particular those induced by patient motion.

PyRaDiSe: A Python package for DICOM-RT-based auto-segmentation pipeline construction and DICOM-RT data conversion.

Background And Objective: Despite fast evolution cycles in deep learning methodologies for medical imaging in radiotherapy, auto-segmentation solutions rarely run in clinics due to the lack of open-source frameworks feasible for processing DICOM RT Structure Sets. Besides this shortage, available open-source DICOM RT Structure Set converters rely exclusively on 2D reconstruction approaches leading to pixelated contours with potentially low acceptance by healthcare professionals. PyRaDiSe, an open-source, deep learning framework independent Python package, addresses these issues by providing a framework for building auto-segmentation solutions feasible to operate directly on DICOM data.

ERAS implementation in an urban patient population undergoing gynecologic surgery.

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols improve outcomes. We investigated ERAS implementation in a population with comorbid conditions, inadequate insurance, and barriers to healthcare undergoing gynecologic surgery.

Objective: To investigate ERAS implementation in publicly insured/uninsured patients undergoing gynecologic surgery on hospital length of stay (LOS), 30-day hospital readmission rates, opioid administration, and pain scores.

Barriers and solutions to developing and maintaining research networks during a pandemic: An example from the iELEVATE perinatal network.

Introduction: To improve maternal health outcomes, increased diversity is needed among pregnant people in research studies and community surveillance. To expand the pool, we sought to develop a network encompassing academic and community obstetrics clinics. Typical challenges in developing a network include site identification, contracting, onboarding sites, staff engagement, participant recruitment, funding, and institutional review board approvals.

Development and validation of a simulation model for laparoscopic myomectomy.

Background: Simulation is an important adjunct to traditional surgical training, allowing for repetitive practice of new skills without compromising patient safety. Although several simulation models have been described and evaluated for gynecologic procedures, there is a lack of such models for laparoscopic myomectomy.

Objective: This study aimed to design a low-cost, low-fidelity laparoscopic myomectomy simulation model and to assess the model's validity as a training tool.

The predictive value of segmentation metrics on dosimetry in organs at risk of the brain.

Background: Fully automatic medical image segmentation has been a long pursuit in radiotherapy (RT). Recent developments involving deep learning show promising results yielding consistent and time efficient contours. In order to train and validate these systems, several geometric based metrics, such as Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC), Hausdorff, and other related metrics are currently the standard in automated medical image segmentation challenges.

Advantages of, and Adaptations to, Enhanced Recovery Protocols for Perioperative Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: This review formulates the rationale for using enhanced recovery protocols (ERPs) to standardize and optimize perioperative care during this high-risk time to minimize poor outcomes owing to provider, patient, and system vulnerabilities.

Data Sources: n/a METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: A literature review using key Medical Subject Headings terms was performed-according to methods described by the Cochrane Collaboration and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines-on studies that described enhanced recovery and coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Tabulation, Integration, And Results: Modifications to our existing ERPs related to the COVID-19 pandemic should include new accommodations for patient education, preoperative COVID-19 testing, prehabilitation, and intraoperative infection as well as thromboembolism risk reduction.

Hans Wolfgang Sachs (1912-2000) : From Nazi Volkstumskämpfer and chief pathologist of the Reich Physician SS to chairholder in the Federal Republic of Germany. English version.

During the Second World War, the German Wehrmacht and the SS tested various chemical warfare agents on prisoners of concentration camps. The SS needed a pathologist to do this. Therefore, Reichsarzt SS Ernst-Robert Grawitz recruited the 32-year-old Hans Wolfgang Sachs.

Enhanced Recovery and Surgical Optimization Protocol for Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery: An AAGL White Paper.

This is the first Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) guideline dedicated to standardizing and optimizing perioperative care for women undergoing minimally invasive gynecologic surgery. The guideline was rigorously formulated by an American Association of Gynecologic Laparoscopists Task Force of US and Canadian gynecologic surgeons with special interest and experience in adapting ERAS practices for patients requiring minimally invasive gynecologic surgery. It builds on the 2016 ERAS Society recommendations for perioperative care in gynecologic/oncologic surgery by serving as a more comprehensive reference for minimally invasive endoscopic and vaginal surgery for both benign and malignant gynecologic conditions.

Deep Learning model for markerless tracking in spinal SBRT.

Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT), alternatively termed Stereotactic ABlative Radiotherapy (SABR) or Stereotactic RadioSurgery (SRS), delivers high dose with a sub-millimeter accuracy. It requires meticulous precautions on positioning, as sharp dose gradients near critical neighboring structures (e.g.

Cosmetic gynecology-a systematic review and call for standardized outcome measures.

Objective: Cosmetic gynecology, a field which has garnered substantial attention over recent years, lacks a universally accepted nomenclature. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate techniques, outcome measures reported, and adverse events in patients undergoing cosmetic gynecology procedures and offer recommendations to improve reporting metrics.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using electronic databases from inception to April 2019.

[Hans Wolfgang Sachs (1912-2000) : From Nazi "Volkstumskämpfer" and chief pathologist of the Reich Physician SS to chairholder in the Federal Republic. German version].

During the Second World War, the German Wehrmacht and the SS tested various chemical warfare agents on prisoners of concentration camps. The SS needed a pathologist to do this. Therefore Reichsarzt SS Ernst-Robert Grawitz recruited the 32-year-old Hans Wolfgang Sachs.

Enhanced Recovery after Surgery in Gynecology: A Review of the Literature.

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), or "fast-track" protocol, aims to minimize the physiologic stress of surgery and optimize the rehabilitation of patients. However, there is limited data in obstetrics and gynecology. We reviewed the published literature on ERAS programs in gynecology to evaluate the outcomes and potential key elements for a successful program.

The sticky business of adhesion prevention in minimally invasive gynecologic surgery.

Purpose Of Review: The negative impact of postoperative adhesions has long been recognized, but available options for prevention remain limited. Minimally invasive surgery is associated with decreased adhesion formation due to meticulous dissection with gentile tissue handling, improved hemostasis, and limiting exposure to reactive foreign material; however, there is conflicting evidence on the clinical significance of adhesion-related disease when compared to open surgery. Laparoscopic surgery does not guarantee the prevention of adhesions because longer operative times and high insufflation pressure can promote adhesion formation.

Detection of anatomical changes in lung cancer patients with 2D time-integrated, 2D time-resolved and 3D time-integrated portal dosimetry: a simulation study.

The aim of this work is to assess the performance of 2D time-integrated (2D-TI), 2D time-resolved (2D-TR) and 3D time-integrated (3D-TI) portal dosimetry in detecting dose discrepancies between the planned and (simulated) delivered dose caused by simulated changes in the anatomy of lung cancer patients. For six lung cancer patients, tumor shift, tumor regression and pleural effusion are simulated by modifying their CT images. Based on the modified CT images, time-integrated (TI) and time-resolved (TR) portal dose images (PDIs) are simulated and 3D-TI doses are calculated.

Verifying tumor position during stereotactic body radiation therapy delivery using (limited-arc) cone beam computed tomography imaging.

Background And Purpose: Proof of tumor position during stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) delivery is desirable. We investigated if cone-beam CT (CBCT) scans reconstructed from (collimated) fluoroscopic kV images acquired during irradiation could show the dominant tumor position.

Materials And Methods: Full-arc CBCT scans were reconstructed using FDK filtered back projection from 38kV fluoroscopy datasets (16 patients) continuously acquired during volumetric modulated spine SBRT.

A Laparoendoscopic Single-site Surgical Approach to Laparoscopic Salpingectomy.

Study Objective: To demonstrate a laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) surgical approach to salpingectomy.

Design: A technical video showing step-by-step a LESS surgical approach to salpingectomy (Canadian Task Force classification level III). Institutional review board approval was not required for this study.