[The application of rTMS in OCD in the Netherlands and Belgium: consensus statement].

Background: Non-invasive brain stimulation, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), is increasingly used in the treatment of neurological diseases and psychiatric disorders. Where rTMS is already an accepted treatment option for depression, in the Netherlands/Belgium, no consensus exist on the application of rTMS for (obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). People with OCD who do not respond enough to exposure therapy and serotonergic antidepressants are in great need for treatment alternatives.

A prediction model for electroconvulsive therapy effectiveness in patients with major depressive disorder from the Dutch ECT Consortium (DEC).

Reliable predictors for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) effectiveness would allow a more precise and personalized approach for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Prediction models were created using a priori selected clinical variables based on previous meta-analyses. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used, applying backwards selection to determine predictor variables while allowing non-linear relations, to develop a prediction model for depression outcome post-ECT (and logistic regression for remission and response as secondary outcome measures).

Reporting Psychiatric Disease Characteristics in Post-Mortem- and Biological Research.

Inflammation is a prominent hypothesis in the neurobiology of depression. In our transcriptomic profiling study of microglia in chronic major depressive disorder (MDD), we revealed a distinct disease-associated microglia (DAM) transcriptomic profile exclusively found in cortical gray matter, that we have designated DepDAM. These DepDAM revealed an immune-suppressed state, with a possible upstream mechanism for microglial suppression, by upregulation of CD200 and CD47 ("don't eat me signals") located on synapses.

A Multicenter Retrospective Chart Review on the Effectiveness and Tolerability of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Adolescents and Young Adults With Major Depressive Disorder or Bipolar Depression.

Background: Major depressive disorder and bipolar depression in adolescents and young adults are prevalent and major contributors to the global burden of disease, whereas effective interventions are limited. Available evidence is insufficient to assess effectiveness and tolerability of electroconvulsive therapy in depressed adolescents and young adults.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted in patients with major depressive disorder or bipolar depression who underwent electroconvulsive therapy from 2001 to 2021 in 12 centers in the Netherlands.

Microglia Transcriptional Profiling in Major Depressive Disorder Shows Inhibition of Cortical Gray Matter Microglia.

Background: Microglia have been implicated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), but information on biological mechanisms is limited. Therefore, we investigated the gene expression profile of microglial cells in relation to neuronal regulators of microglia activity in well-characterized MDD and control autopsy brains.

Methods: Pure, intact microglia were isolated at brain autopsy from occipital cortex gray matter (GM) and corpus callosum white matter of 13 donors with MDD and 10 age-matched control donors for RNA sequencing.

Sleep predicts the response to rTMS and CBT in patients with OCD: an open label effectiveness study.

Background: Although many OCD patients benefit from repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as treatment, there is still a large group failing to achieve satisfactory response. Sleep problems have been considered transdiagnostic risk factors for psychiatric disorders, and prior work has shown comorbid sleep problems in OCD to be associated with non-response to rTMS in OCD. We therefore set out to investigate the utility of sleep problems in predicting response to rTMS in treatment resistant OCD.

'Rapid speed of response to ECT in bipolar depression: A chart review.

Objective: To validate a faster speed of response to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for bipolar depression (BPD) compared to major depressive disorder (MDD) METHOD: Retrospective chart review on an ECT cohort in an academic hospital setting. Speed of response was defined by the number of ECT treatments needed for response or remission.

Results: Sixty-four depressed patients were included, of whom 53 (MDD: 40, BPD: 13) could be analyzed.

Mental-health, coping and support following adverse events on the work-floor : a cross-sectional study among Dutch orthopaedic surgeons.

Physicians are frequently exposed to adverse events on the work-floor, which puts them at risk for depression, anxiety- or posttraumatic stress disorder. This study aims to explore what events orthopaedic surgeons consider to have the highest emotional impact as well as support, coping strategies and mental health. A questionnaire was emailed to all members of the Dutch Society of Orthopaedic Surgeons which included resident, attending, non-practicing and retired orthopaedic surgeons.

Potential traumatic events in the workplace and depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress: a cross-sectional study among Dutch gynaecologists, paediatricians and orthopaedic surgeons.

Objective: To compare the prevalence of work-related potential traumatic events (PTEs), support protocols and mental health symptoms across Dutch gynaecologists, orthopaedic surgeons and paediatricians.

Design: Cross-sectional study, supplementary analysis of combined data.

Setting: Nationwide survey between 2014 and 2017.

Exploring the impact of work-related potential traumatic events among Dutch psychiatrists.

Psychiatrists are frequently exposed to work-related potential traumatic events (PTEs). A survey was sent to the members of the Dutch Society of Psychiatrists of which 250 questionnaires were eligible for analysis. At least one work-related PTE was reported by 196 (78.

Severe postpartum hemorrhage increases risk of posttraumatic stress disorder: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: To evaluate whether severe postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a risk factor for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Severe PPH can be experienced as a traumatic event. PTSD leads to negative mental health effects.

Posttraumatic stress disorder in partners following severe postpartum haemorrhage: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Partners of women are increasingly present during childbirth and may be exposed to a traumatic experience. Since parents' mental health issues (i.e.

Occupational well-being in pediatricians-a survey about work-related posttraumatic stress, depression, and anxiety.

The objective of this study was to study mental health, coping, and support after work-related adverse events among pediatricians. Physicians are frequently exposed to adverse events. It makes them at risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety disorders.

Work-related adverse events leaving their mark: a cross-sectional study among Dutch gynecologists.

Background: Health care professionals who are frequently coping with traumatic events have an increased risk of developing a posttraumatic stress disorder. Research among physicians is scarce, and obstetrician-gynecologists may have a higher risk. Work-related traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder among obstetricians-gynecologists and the (desired) type of support were studied.

Possible effects of EXT2 on mesenchymal differentiation--lessons from the zebrafish.

Background: Mutations in the EXT genes disrupt polymerisation of heparan sulphates (HS) and lead to the development of osteochondroma, an isolated/sporadic- or a multifocal/hereditary cartilaginous bone tumour. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a very powerful animal model which has shown to present the same cartilage phenotype that is commonly seen in mice model and patients with the rare hereditary syndrome, Multiple Osteochondroma (MO).

Methods: Zebrafish dackel (dak) mutant that carries a nonsense mutation in the ext2 gene was used in this study.

Correlated histological and physiological observations on a case of common sensory output and motor input of the bag1 fibre and a chain fibre in a cat tenuissimus spindle.

In muscle spindles of the cat, independent control of dynamic and static components of the response of the primary sensory ending to stretch is provided by separate motor inputs to the various kinds of intrafusal muscle fibre: dynamic axons (gamma or beta) to the bag1 fibres and static axons to the bag2 (typically gamma only) and chain (gamma or beta) fibres. Nonlinear summation of separately evoked effects during combined stimulation of dynamic and static motor axons appears to be due to mutual resetting by antidromic invasion of separate encoding sites, leading to partial occlusion of the momentarily lesser response by the greater. The encoding sites are thought to be located within the primary ending's preterminal branches which from first-order level are normally segregated to the bag1 fibre and to the bag2 and chain fibres.

Pacemaker activity in a sensory ending with multiple encoding sites: the cat muscle spindle primary ending.

1. A combined physiological, histological and computer modelling study was carried out on muscle spindles of the cat tenuissimus muscle to examine whether there was any correlation between the functional interaction of putative encoding sites, operated separately by static and dynamic fusimotor neurones, and the topological structure of the preterminal branches of the primary sensory ending. 2.

A model study on the influence of a slowly activating potassium conductance on repetitive firing patterns of muscle spindle primary endings.

The general mathematical model of Frankenhaeuser and Huxley, which describes the generation of action potentials in myelinated nerve fibres, has been used as a kernel for a model of a sensory nerve ending. Two types of modifications were implemented. First, the four original permeability constants (those of potassium, sodium, non-specific and leak) were changed simultaneously (using an automated tuning algorithm), in order to introduce low-frequency repetitive firing capability (down to 15 Hz), keeping the deviations from the original values as small as possible.

Computer-simulated neural networks: an appropriate model for motor development?

The idea of an artificial neural network is introduced in a historical context, and the essential aspect of it, viz., the modifiable synapse, is compared to the aspect of plasticity in the natural nervous system. Based on such an artificial neural network, a model is presented for the way in which (the path along which) the connectivity in the spinal cord is modified during the period that a newborn 'learns' to control the movement of his forearm.