French validation of the Stigma Resistance Scale in a sample of people with psychotic disorders.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to translate the Stigma Resistance Scale into French and to examine its psychometric qualities to measure stigma resistance in people with psychotic disorders.

Methods: The Stigma Resistance Scale was rigorously translated into French, involving translation, back-translation, and adjustments based on focus groups. The French version of the Stigma Resistance Scale comprises 20 items divided into five subscales measuring resistance to stigma at different levels.

Co-occurring first-episode psychosis and borderline personality pathology in an early intervention for psychosis cohort.

Introduction: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is common among people diagnosed with first episode of psychosis (FEP), but is often under-recognized and under-researched. This study aimed to determine: (i) the prevalence of borderline personality pathology (subthreshold features and categorical disorder) in a FEP cohort (termed FEP + BPP); (ii) demographic and clinical factors associated with FEP + BPP; (iii) the symptomatic and functional outcomes.

Methods: This study was conducted within the Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre (EPPIC) at Orygen over the 30-month period between 2014 and 2016.

Are Psychiatrists Trained to Address the Mental Health Needs of Young People Transitioning From Child to Adult Services? Insights From a European Survey.

Background: In mental health, transition refers to the pathway of young people from child and adolescent to adult services. Training of mental health psychiatrists on transition-related topics offers the opportunity to improve clinical practice and experiences of young people reaching the upper age limit of child and adolescent care.

Methods: National psychiatrist's organizations or experts from 21 European countries were surveyed 1/ to describe the status of transition in adult psychiatry (AP) and child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) postgraduate training in Europe; 2/ to explore the amount of cross-training between both specialties.

Video self-confrontation as a therapeutic tool in schizophrenia: A randomized parallel-arm single-blind trial.

Background: Lack of insight is a barrier to treating psychosis. Preliminary studies have suggested that showing people videos of their psychotic behaviour may improve personal insight. This clinical trial aimed to assess the effect of video self-confrontation.

Cohort profile: demographic and clinical characteristics of the MILESTONE longitudinal cohort of young people approaching the upper age limit of their child mental health care service in Europe.

Purpose: The presence of distinct child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) and adult mental health services (AMHS) impacts continuity of mental health treatment for young people. However, we do not know the extent of discontinuity of care in Europe nor the effects of discontinuity on the mental health of young people. Current research is limited, as the majority of existing studies are retrospective, based on small samples or used non-standardised information from medical records.

Sexual dysfunctions are associated with major depression, chronic inflammation and anticholinergic consumption in the real-world schizophrenia FACE-SZ national cohort.

Background: Sexual dysfunctions (SD) are frequent in schizophrenia (SZ) and associated with treatment withdrawal, however they remain under-explored and under-treated. To date, most of the studies have focused on SD as antipsychotics' side effects in therapeutic trials.

Aims: The objectives of the present study were to determine the SD prevalence in stabilized SZ outpatients and their clinical, pharmacological and biological correlates.

Towards an improved access to psychiatric rehabilitation: availability and effectiveness at 1-year follow-up of psychoeducation, cognitive remediation therapy, cognitive behaviour therapy and social skills training in the FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise-Schizophrenia (FACE-SZ) national cohort.

Psychosocial Interventions (PIs) have shown positive effects on clinical and functional outcomes of schizophrenia (SZ) in randomized controlled trials. However their effectiveness and accessibility remain unclear to date in "real world" schizophrenia. The objectives of the present study were (i) to assess the proportion of SZ outpatients who benefited from PIs between 2010 and 2015 in France after an Expert Center Intervention in a national multicentric non-selected community-dwelling sample; (ii) to assess PIs' effectiveness at 1-year follow-up.

Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Extrapyramidal Side Effects of Antipsychotics: Results From the National FACE-SZ Cohort.

Background: Extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) have been identified as a complication of antipsychotic treatment. Previous meta-analyses have investigated EPS prevalence and risk factors in randomized clinical trials with highly selected patients, but studies in real-world schizophrenia are missing.

Objective: To examine the prevalence and clinical correlates associated with EPS in a nonselected national multicenter sample of stabilized patients with schizophrenia.

Machine learning for predicting psychotic relapse at 2 years in schizophrenia in the national FACE-SZ cohort.

Background: Predicting psychotic relapse is one of the major challenges in the daily care of schizophrenia.

Objectives: To determine the predictors of psychotic relapse and follow-up withdrawal in a non-selected national sample of stabilized community-dwelling SZ subjects with a machine learning approach.

Methods: Participants were consecutively included in the network of the FondaMental Expert Centers for Schizophrenia and received a thorough clinical and cognitive assessment, including recording of current treatment.

Inflammatory DEpression Advances in Schizophrenia (IDEAS): A precision medicine approach of the national FACE-SZ cohort.

Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a therapeutic challenge in schizophrenia (SZ). Untangling different forms of MDD appears as the best current strategy to improve remission to treatment in the so-called precision medicine approach.

Aims: The objectives of the present study were to determine (i) the prevalence of Inflammatory Depression (ID) in stabilized SZ outpatients (ii) if ID was associated with clinical or cognitive profiles that may help clinicians detecting ID (iii) if antidepressants were effective in ID and (iv) the biological correlates of ID that may orientate personalized treatments.

[The 10-year findings from the FondaMental Academic Center of Expertise for Schizophrenia (FACE-SZ): Review and recommendations for clinical practice].

Objectives: The present article is a synthesis of the first 10 years of follow-up of the FondaMental Academic Center of Expertise for Schizophrenia (FACE-SZ) cohort.

Methods: More than 700 community-dwelling stabilized subjects have been recruited and evaluated to date. The mean age was 32 years with 75 % males, the mean illness duration was 11 years, the mean age at illness onset was 21 years, the mean duration of untreated psychosis was 1.

Hypovitaminosis D is associated with depression and anxiety in schizophrenia: Results from the national FACE-SZ cohort.

Objective: Hypovitaminosis D has been associated with respectively major depressive disorder, schizophrenia (SZ) and cognitive disorders in the general population, and with positive and negative symptoms and metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia. The objectives were (i) to determine the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and associated factors (with a focus on depression and cognition) in a national non-selected multicentric sample of community-dwelling SZ subjects (ii) to determine the rate of SZ patients being administered vitamin D supplementation and associated factors.

Methods: A comprehensive 2 daylong clinical and neuropsychological battery was administered in 140 SZ subjects included between 2015 and 2017 in the national FondaMental Expert Center (FACE-SZ) Cohort.

A multi-dimensional approach to the relationship between insight and aggressiveness in schizophrenia: Findings from the FACE-SZ cohort.

Background: Aggressiveness is a stigma frequently associated with schizophrenia. The role of insight as a risk factor of aggressiveness remains contradictory; mainly because single measures of these states mask their complexity and heterogeneity.

Methods: This study was conducted on 666 patients aged 15 and above with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder, drawn from the French national network of schizophrenia expert center database.

Remission of depression in patients with schizophrenia and comorbid major depressive disorder: results from the FACE-SZ cohort.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is underdiagnosed and undertreated in schizophrenia, and has been strongly associated with impaired quality of life.AimsTo determine the prevalence and associated factors of MDD and unremitted MDD in schizophrenia, to compare treated and non-treated MDD.

Method: Participants were included in the FondaMental Expert Centers for Schizophrenia and received a thorough clinical assessment.

Latent toxoplasma infection in real-world schizophrenia: Results from the national FACE-SZ cohort.

Objective: Latent Toxoplasma infection has been associated with widespread brain immune activation, increased blood brain barrier permeability, neural disruption, increased dopamine release in dopaminergic neurons, with NMDA activation and with schizophrenia (SZ) onset risk. Toxoplasma has been suggested to be a source of chronic low-grade inflammation and this inflammation has been associated with cognitive impairment in SZ. The objective of the present study were (i) to determine if latent Toxoplasma infection was associated with specific clinical features in stabilized SZ subjects, with cognitive impairment and with increased low-grade peripheral inflammation and (ii) to determine if Treatments with Anti-Toxoplasmic Activity (TATA) were associated with improved outcomes in subjects with latent Toxoplasma infection.

Chronic low-grade peripheral inflammation is associated with ultra resistant schizophrenia. Results from the FACE-SZ cohort.

A high rate of patients with schizophrenia (SZ) does not sufficiently respond to antipsychotic medication, which is associated with relapses and poor outcomes. Chronic peripheral inflammation has been repeatedly associated with schizophrenia risk and particularly to poor responders to treatment as usual with cognitive impairment in SZ subjects. The objective of present study was to confirm if ultra resistance to treatment in schizophrenia (UTRS) was associated to chronic peripheral inflammation in a non-selected sample of community-dwelling outpatients with schizophrenia.

Self-reported pain in patients with schizophrenia. Results from the national first-step FACE-SZ cohort.

Introduction: Little is known about perception of physical pain in schizophrenia (SZ). Some studies have suggested that patients with SZ may have an increased pain threshold, while others have suggested that patients with SZ may suffer from undetected and untreated high physical pain levels. The objectives of this study were (i) to investigate the prevalence of self-reported physical pain in stabilized SZ subjects, and (ii) to determine whether physical pain was associated with psychiatric characteristics and somatic comorbidities (iii) to determine whether antidepressants and benzodiazepine administration were associated with lower self-reported pain.

Tobacco smoking is associated with antipsychotic medication, physical aggressiveness, and alcohol use disorder in schizophrenia: results from the FACE-SZ national cohort.

Tobacco smoking is common in schizophrenia and is one of the main causes of premature mortality in this disorder. Little is known about clinical correlates and treatments associated with tobacco smoking in patients with schizophrenia. Still, a better characterization of these patients is necessary, in a personalized care approach.

Relationships between low-grade peripheral inflammation and psychotropic drugs in schizophrenia: results from the national FACE-SZ cohort.

Low-grade inflammation has repeatedly been associated with schizophrenia (SZ) and in particular with cognitive impairment. Female gender, overweight and tobacco smoking have been suggested as risk factors to increase inflammation while preclinical inconsistent findings have been found regarding the association with psychotropic drugs. The aim of this study was to explore if psychotropic drugs were associated with inflammation in SZ and to determine which psychotropic drug was associated with inflammation in stable SZ subjects while considering clinical confounding factors.

Risk factors for increased duration of untreated psychosis. Results from the FACE-SZ dataset.

Objectives: Reducing the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) may improve the prognosis of schizophrenia. This study investigated the prevalence, and associated risk factors, of long DUP in a large, non-selected sample of community-dwelling schizophrenia patients (SZ).

Method: 478 community-dwelling stable SZ participants (122 women and 356 men; mean age 32.

Predictors of rapid high weight gain in schizophrenia: Longitudinal analysis of the French FACE-SZ cohort.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly prevalent in schizophrenia. However very little is known about the time course of MetS and its components. The few longitudinal studies that have been carried out had small sample sizes and a short follow-up.

Cigarette smoking and schizophrenia: a specific clinical and therapeutic profile? Results from the FACE-Schizophrenia cohort.

Background: Tobacco use is common in patients with schizophrenia (SZ) but little is known on the role of tobacco in the physiopathology or on the course of the disease. Only few studies embrace an extensive examination of clinical and therapeutic characteristics in stabilized patients. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of tobacco smoking in stabilized SZ outpatients and the clinical and treatment characteristics associated with daily tobacco use in a large community-dwelling sample of patients.

Advanced paternal age is associated with earlier schizophrenia onset in offspring. Results from the national multicentric FACE-SZ cohort.

The association between advanced paternal age (APA) and increased risk of schizophrenia (SZ) is well established. The objectives of the present study were to further determine if SZ participants with APA (APA+), versus those without (APA-), had: (i) different illness characteristics; (ii) different responses to antipsychotic medication; and (iii) different cognitive characteristics. Participants were a non-selected representative multicentric sample of stabilized community-dwelling people diagnosed with SZ included in the FACE-SZ cohort.