Accuracy of computed tomography in the detection of blunt bowel and mesenteric injuries.

Background: There are conflicting views on the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with bowel and mesenteric injuries (BMIs) following blunt abdominal trauma. The aim of the present study was to assess the accuracy of the CT report during a trauma call.

Methods: Ninety-eight patients underwent preoperative abdominal spiral CT and subsequent laparotomy following blunt trauma between January 1996 and March 2001 at a level I trauma centre.

Cervical chordoma: case report.

Chordomas of the cervical spine are rare. A case of a cervical chordoma is described. The initial radiological misinterpretation was due to the unavailability of CT myelography or MRI.

Transient global amnesia following cerebral angiography with non-ionic contrast medium.

Transient global amnesia (TGA) is an uncommon syndrome of recent memory deficit and inability to learn new data, usually resolving within 24 h. Two cases following use of non-ionic contrast media in cerebral angiography are described. The neuroanatomy of memory is reviewed.

Clival chordomas.

Three cases of clival chordomas are reviewed and the findings are compared to those in the recent literature. In the first case the tumour arose from the basion, spreading downwards to invade the upper cervical canal and the paravertebral fascial planes. The second case is a rare case since it affects a 12 year old pre-adolescent boy.

Fluoride intake and utilization by Hungarian children: associations and interrelationships.

Selected interactions were examined between F, Al, Ca and Mg intakes and their manifestations in dental health parameters and biological samples relating to Hungarian children. The prevalence (DMFT, DMFS) and severity (SR) of caries were inversely related to the F concentration of household water and to the amount of F ingested from foods, beverages and tap or well water. Dental fluorosis and the F content of enamel, plaque, saliva, urine, nails and hair were directly related to the F content of water and to dietary F intake.

Aluminium, calcium and magnesium content of Hungarian foods and dietary intakes by children aged 3.9 and 14 years.

The Al, Ca and Mg content of 147 kinds of foods and beverages, representing a large proportion of the Hungarian diet, has been determined using replicate samples. Dietary intakes of these minerals by 67 kindergarten children and 139 schoolchildren have been assessed. The richest sources of Al were: parsley, celery, gherkins, barley-malt; of Ca: dairy products, celery, parsley, savoy; of Mg: dried beans and peas, parsley, dill, maize-flour, rice, gherkins, chocolate.

Daily fluoride intake from the diet of Hungarian children in fluoride deficient and naturally fluoridated areas.

Average daily dietary intakes of F were determined for 67 kindergarten children (X age 3.9 years) and 118 schoolchildren (X age 14.0 years), resident in one of three areas where the concentration of naturally occurring F in the household water ranged 0.

The fluoride content of selected foods in relation to the fluoride concentration of water.

The F content of foods and beverages comprising a substantial proportion of the Hungarian diet has been determined. Vegetables and fruits grown in three areas where the mean F content of water was 0.09 mg/l, 0.

Caries experience and sex related tea consumption amongst 13-14-year-old children in Palmyra, Syrian Arab Republic.

Associations were examined between caries experience and the volume of tea consumed/day by schoolchildren in Palmyra, Syria. Girls had significantly high DMFT scores and consumed less tea than boys.

Physiological indicators of fluoride exposure and utilization: an epidemiological study.

Individual samples of urine, fingernails, head-hair, saliva, plaque and enamel were collected from three groups of Hungarian children, aged 14 years, who were exposed to contrasting water fluoride levels (less than or equal to 0.11 ppm; 0.5-1.

Immediate and delayed effects of an enzyme-dependent mineralizing mouthrinse on dental plaque.

Twenty-two children aged 13 to 14 years rinsed for 3 X 1 min periods with a supersaturated calcium phosphate solution containing urea and monofluorophosphate. Plaque sampled one min after the last rinse showed a marked increase in water-extractable F and a smaller increase in Ca but no increase in water-extractable P. Water-insoluble forms of all three ions were elevated, however.

Increases in fluoride, calcium, and phosphate in dental plaque resulting from the use of a mineralizing mouthrinse containing urea and monofluorophosphate.

A mouthrinse used ten times over a four-day period increased the concentration of acid-extractable fluoride in immature plaque by 320%, calcium by 190%, and phosphate by 97%. Corresponding increases in mature plaque were smaller, yet significant. Diffusion of the ions from plaque was restricted, and hence a prolonged caries-inhibitory effect can be expected.

Interrelations between the fluoride concentrations in dental plaque and enamel, and exposure to fluoride.

The F concentrations in plaque and in underlying enamel were determined in a sample of 99 schoolchildren aged 8.4 years (S.D.

The fluoride content of human tooth enamel in relation to environmental exposure to fluoride.

Double-layer superimposed biopsies were used for sampling sound labial enamel of upper permanent central incisor teeth of 189 children (mean age 8.4 years, SD = 0.36), comprising five groups, representing life-long exposure to contrasting concentrations of F in the water (range less than or equal to 0.

Oral health of Australian children using surface and artesian water supplies.

Oral health parameters were compared for 6--8 and 10--11-year-old children living in neighbouring. N. S.

Fluoride and health: dental caries, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular disease.

Water fluoridation is the preferred method of caries prevention. It should be promoted wherever technically feasible, whereas fluoridation of other vehicles, such as salt, milk, and sugar, should be considered (18) where no reticulated water supplies exist, as in many developing communities where caries prevalence is increasing sharply (7). Fluoride treatment of osteoporosis results in tangible improvement, but its pharmacological basis is incompletely understood and therapeutic doses are not tolerated indefinitely or by all patients.

Oral health of adolescent and adult Australian aborigines.

A pilot survey of oral health included 83 adolescent and adult Aborigines (41 M, 42 F, range 16--70 years, mean age 37.3 years), resident in fringe settlements around the far western New South Wales towns of Brewarrina and Walgett (fluoride in water less than or equal to 0.02--0.

Oral conditions in Australian children of Aboriginal and Caucasian descent.

Oral health parameters were examined for 211 schoolchildren (128 Aborigines and 83 Caucasians) representative of the 6--8 and 10--11 year age groups in the Brewarrina and Walgett areas of western New South Wales (fluoride in water less than or equal to 0.02-0.26 parts/10(6)).