Role of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Narrative Review.

Amyloidosis is a rare infiltrative condition resulting from the extracellular accumulation of amyloid fibrils at the cardiac level. It can be an acquired condition or due to genetic mutations. With the progression of imaging technologies, a non-invasive diagnosis was proposed.

Fat Matters: Exploring Cancer Risk through the Lens of Computed Tomography and Visceral Adiposity.

Obesity is an established risk factor for cancer. However, conventional measures like body mass index lack precision in assessing specific tissue quantities, particularly of the two primary abdominal fat compartments, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). Computed tomography (CT) stands as the gold standard for precisely quantifying diverse tissue types.

Fibrosing Progressive Interstitial Lung Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Multicentre Italian Study.

Background: The INBUILD study demonstrated the efficacy of nintedanib in the treatment of progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease different to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-related ILD. Nevertheless, the prevalence of RA-ILD patients that may potentially benefit from nintedanib remains unknown.

Objectives And Methods: The aim of the present multicentre study was to investigate the prevalence and possible associated factors of fibrosing progressive patterns in a cross-sectional cohort of RA-ILD patients.

Radiogenomic Features of GIMAP Family Genes in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: An Observational Study on CT Images.

GTPases of immunity-associated proteins (GIMAP) genes include seven functional genes and a pseudogene. Most of the GIMAPs have a role in the maintenance and development of lymphocytes. GIMAPs could inhibit the development of tumors by increasing the amount and antitumor activity of infiltrating immunocytes.

Quantitative ADC: An Additional Tool in the Evaluation of Prostate Cancer?

Prostate cancer is one of the most common tumors among the male population. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), standardized by the PI-RADS version 2.1 scoring system, has a fundamental role in detecting prostate cancer and evaluating its aggressiveness.

Applications of new radiological scores: the Node-rads in colon cancer staging.

Purpose: The study focuses on the evaluation of the new Node Reporting and Data System 1.0 (Node-rads) scoring accuracy in the assessment of metastatic lymph nodes (LN) in patients with colon carcinoma.

Material And Methods: From April 2021 to May 2022, retrospective chart reviews were performed on 67 preoperative CT (Computed Tomography) of patients undergoing excisional surgery for colon cancer at the Polyclinic of Bari, Italy.

CT-Based Radiogenomics of P4HA3 Expression in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Rationale And Objectives: The sequencing of the renal cell carcinoma (RCC) genome identified several mutations with prognostic significance. Genomic analysis, collected in The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, revealed several clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) gene mutations and gene expressions. Radiogenomics is a new branch of diagnostic imaging based on the association between imaging phenotypes and genomics of diseases.

The Role of Coronary CT Angiography in the Evaluation of Dual Left Anterior Descending Artery Prevalence and Subtypes: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Background: The aim of this multicenter study was to evaluate the prevalence and features of dual left anterior descending artery (LAD) subtypes using coronary CT angiography (CCTA).

Methods: A retrospective multicenter analysis of 2083 CCTA from December 2020 to November 2022 was conducted to search for the presence and morphological features of dual LAD. The two classifications used were the updated classification of Spindola-Franco and the Jariwala classification.

Coronary calcifications as a new prognostic marker in COVID-19 patients: role of CT.

Objective: COVID-19 pneumonia, caused by the virus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), was declared a pandemic by the WHO on 11th March 2020. While Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) represents the diagnostic gold standard of infection, computed tomography (CT) has been shown to have an important role in supporting the diagnosis, quantifying the severity, and assessing the efficacy of treatment and its response. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a CT finding that estimates atherosclerosis and can be quantified using the coronary artery calcium score (CACS).

Intravenous Contrast Material for Cardiac Computed Tomography: Results From the Open-label Multicenter, Multivendor Italian Registry of Contrast Material Use in Cardiac Computed Tomography.

Purpose: The Italian Registry of Contrast Material use in Cardiac Computed Tomography (iRCM-CCT) is a multicenter, multivendor, observational study on the use of contrast media (CM) in patients undergoing cardiac computed tomography (CCT). The aim of iRCM-CCT is to assess image quality and safety profile of intravenous CM compounds.

Materials And Methods: iRCM-CCT enrolled 1842 consecutive patients undergoing CCT (≥50 per site) at 20 cluster sites with the indication of suspected coronary artery disease.

Evolution of Rheumatoid-Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease in Patients Treated with JAK Inhibitors: A Retrospective Exploratory Study.

Background: The aim of this multicenter retrospective study was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of the available JAK-inhibitors (JAKi) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and interstitial lung disease (ILD).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with classified RA and RA-ILD undergoing JAKi in 6 Italian tertiary centers from April 2018 to June 2022. We included patients with at least 6 months of active therapy and one high-resolution chest tomography (HRCT) carried out within 3 months of the start of JAKi treatment.

Radiomics to predict the mortality of patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: A proof-of-concept study.

Objectives: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and interstitial lung disease (ILD) have increased mortality compared to the general population and factors capable of predicting RA-ILD long-term clinical outcomes are lacking. In oncology, radiomics allows the quantification of tumour phenotype by analysing the characteristics of medical images. Using specific software, it is possible to segment organs on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) images and extract many features that may uncover disease characteristics that are not detected by the naked eye.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Bile Duct Tumor Thrombus: A Case Report and Literature Review of 890 Patients Affected by Uncommon Primary Liver Tumor Presentation.

Bile duct tumor thrombus (BDTT) is an uncommon finding in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), potentially mimicking cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Recent studies have suggested that HCC with BDTT could represent a prognostic factor. We report the case of a 47-year-old male patient admitted to the University Hospital of Bari with abdominal pain.

Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines for Short- and Long-Term Immunity: A General Overview for the Pandemic Contrast.

Background: The recent COVID-19 pandemic produced a significant increase in cases and an emergency state was induced worldwide. The current knowledge about the COVID-19 disease concerning diagnoses, patient tracking, the treatment protocol, and vaccines provides a consistent contribution for the primary prevention of the viral infection and decreasing the severity of the SARS-CoV-2 disease. The aim of the present investigation was to produce a general overview about the current findings for the COVID-19 disease, SARS-CoV-2 interaction mechanisms with the host, therapies and vaccines' immunization findings.

"TransIent perivascular inflammation of the carotid artery (TIPIC) syndrome" as a rare case of laterocervical pain: Multimodal diagnosis.

''TransIent Perivascular Inflammation of the Carotid artery (TIPIC) syndrome" is an unusual cause of unilateral neck pain, due to a nonspecific inflammation of the carotid artery. This entity has been for long known as "carotidynia" and described as a syndrome rather than a distinct pathologic entity. Recently, the presence of structural abnormalities of the carotid artery wall has been demonstrated, leading to the introduction of radiological criteria which, in the appropriate clinical context, allow to diagnose TIPIC syndrome.

COVID-19 in Italy: Comparison of CT Findings from Time Zero to the Delta Variant.

On 12 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the novel Coronavirus (CoV) disease a global Pandemic and an emerging risk. In order to understand patterns that are typical in COVID-19 pneumonia and track the evolution of the disease, the role of the chest computed tomography (CT) is pivotal. The impact of the illness as well as the efficiency of the therapy are also monitored carefully when performing this imaging exam.

Authors' response to the Letter to the Editor regarding: Post severe COVID-19 infection lung damages study. The experience of early three months multidisciplinary follow-up.

To the Editor, we thank Dr Ruggeri et al. for their interest in our previously published manuscript focused on lung damages after severe respiratory COVID-19 infection..

COVID-19 Infection in Children and Infants: Current Status on Therapies and Vaccines.

Since the beginning in December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak appeared to affect mostly the adult population, sparing the vast majority of children who only showed mild symptoms. The purpose of this investigation is to assess the status on the mechanisms that give children and infants this variation in epidemiology compared to the adult population and its impact on therapies and vaccines that are aimed towards them. A literature review, including in vitro studies, reviews, published guidelines and clinical trials was performed.

Post severe COVID-19 infection lung damages study. The experience of early three months multidisciplinary follow-up.

The correct type and time of follow-up for patients affected by COVID19 ARDS is still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate at the survivors to COVID19 ARDS requiring non-invasive respiratory support (NRS) admitted to a Respiratory Intensive care unit (RICU) from March 8th till May 31th 2020 looking at all sequelae via a comprehensive follow up. All patients underwent a multi-disciplinary instrumental and clinical assessment within three months form admission to evaluate all infection related sequelae.

Streak artefacts in Computed Tomography Urography: Comparative evaluation between two different iodinated contrast media.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to compare the frequency and entity, in computed tomography (CT) urography, of streak artefacts on the urinary tract generated by two contrast agents with a different iodine concentration and osmolarity.

Methods: Computed tomography scans including an excretory renal phase, performed on adult subjects in the period May-July 2020, were retrospectively evaluated in consensus by three expert radiologists, to detect any streak artefacts located in the urinary tract. Patients were administered either 1.

The Multifaceted COVID-19: CT Aspects of Its Atypical Pulmonary and Abdominal Manifestations and Complications in Adults and Children. A Pictorial Review.

Our daily experience in a COVID hospital has allowed us to learn about this disease in many of its changing and unusual aspects. Some of these uncommon manifestations, however, appeared more frequently than others, giving shape to a multifaceted COVID-19 disease. This pictorial review has the aim to describe the radiological aspects of atypical presentations and of some complications of COVID-19 disease in adults and children and provide a simple guide for radiologists to become familiar with the multiform aspects of this disease.

CT pulmonary angiography appropriateness in a single emergency department: does the use of revised Geneva score matter?

Purpose: To assess the percentage of computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) procedures that could have been avoided by methodical application of the Revised Geneva Score (RGS) coupled with age-adjusted D-dimer cut-offs rather than only clinical judgment in Emergency Department patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE).

Material And Methods: Between November 2019 and May 2020, 437 patients with suspected PE based on symptoms and D-dimer test were included in this study. All patients underwent to CTPA.

Magnetic resonance imaging for deep infiltrating endometriosis: current concepts, imaging technique and key findings.

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent chronic disease affecting about 10% of reproductive-age women with symptoms like pelvic pain and infertility. Pathologically, it is defined by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity responsible for a chronic inflammatory process. For decades the diagnosis of endometriosis was based on surgical exploration and biopsy of pelvic lesions.

A critical review of the anthropological and paleopathological literature on osteopetrosis as an ancient rare disease (ARD).

Objective: A reappraisal of the available evidence of osteopetrosis in the archaeological record as first step in promoting new approaches to rare diseases in paleopathology.

Materials And Methods: Three different approaches are combined: a survey of the last 50 years of bioarchaeological publications; an online search addressing six of the more widely used search engines; macroscopic and radiographic analyses of the human remains from the Neolithic site of Palata 2 (Italy).

Results: The combined results of the literature survey and the online search identified six cases of osteopetrosis.