Assessment of Fatty Acid and Oxylipin Profile of Resprouting Olive Trees Positive to subsp. in Salento (Apulia, Italy).

subsp. ST53 (XFP), the causal agent of olive quick decline syndrome (OQDS), was thoroughly investigated after a 2013 outbreak in the Salento region of Southern Italy. Some trees from Ogliarola Salentina and Cellina di Nardò, susceptible cultivars in the Gallipoli area, the first XFP infection hotspot in Italy, have resprouted crowns and are starting to flower and yield fruits.

Chitosan-Coated Fosetyl-Al Nanocrystals' Efficacy on Colonized by .

() is a quarantine plant pathogen capable of colonizing the xylem of a wide range of hosts. Currently, there is no cure able to eliminate the pathogen from a diseased plant, but several integrated strategies have been implemented for containing the spread of . Nanotechnology represents an innovative strategy based on the possibility of maximizing the potential antibacterial activity by increasing the surface-to-volume ratio of nanoscale formulations.

Analysis of Italian isolates of subsp. and development of a real-time PCR-based diagnostic method.

subsp. (Pss) causes Stewart's vascular wilt of maize, and it is responsible for serious crop losses. Pss is indigenous to North America and spreads with maize seeds.

Fungal and bacterial oxylipins are signals for intra- and inter-cellular communication within plant disease.

Lipids are central at various stages of host-pathogen interactions in determining virulence and modulating plant defense. Free fatty acids may act as substrates for oxidizing enzymes [e.g.

Intra-Laboratory Evaluation of DNA Extraction Methods and Assessment of a Droplet Digital PCR for the Detection of Xanthomonas citri pv. citri on Different Citrus Species.

pv. (Xcc) and pv. (Xca), causal agents of citrus bacterial canker, are both regulated by the European Union to prevent their introduction.

Mass Spectrometry-Based Targeted Lipidomics and Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms in Detecting Disease, Cultivar, and Treatment Biomarkers in subsp. -Infected Olive Trees.

In 2013, was detected for the first time in Apulia and, subsequently, recognized as the causal agent of the olive quick decline syndrome (OQDS). To contain the disease, the olive germplasm was evaluated for resistance to , identifying cultivars with different susceptibility to the pathogen. Regarding this, the resistant cultivar Leccino has generally a lower bacterial titer compared with the susceptible cultivar Ogliarola salentina.

Sesamoid Avascular Necrosis and Stress Fracture Treated with Core Decompression and Biologic Augmentation.

Sesamoid bone disorders are disabling conditions with limited treatment options. This case report describes a 17-year-old football player with avascular necrosis (AVN) in both the tibial and fibular hallux sesamoids with a concomitant non-displaced stress fracture of the tibial hallux sesamoid. After a short period of conservative management, the patient underwent open sesamoid core decompression with an application of concentrated bone marrow aspirate and amnion matrix.

Cookiecutter Shark-Related Injuries: A New Threat to Swimming Across the Ka'iwi Channel.

In a 5-month period in 2019, 3 long-distance swimmers sustained cookiecutter shark-related injuries while attempting to cross the Ka'iwi Channel between the Hawaiian Islands of O'ahu and Moloka'i. This report is the first case series of cookiecutter shark bites on live humans. A retrospective review of the State of Hawai'i Division of Aquatic Resources Shark Incidents List was conducted between March 1, 2019, and July 31, 2019.

Progress towards Sustainable Control of subsp. in Olive Groves of Salento (Apulia, Italy).

subsp. is the causal agent of "olive quick decline syndrome" in Salento (Apulia, Italy). On April 2015, we started interdisciplinary studies to provide a sustainable control strategy for this pathogen that threatens the multi-millennial olive agroecosystem of Salento.

The Effect of Fumonisins on Fatty Acids, Sphingolipids, and Oxylipins in Maize Germlings.

causes multiple diseases of (maize) including ear and seedling rots, contaminates seeds and seed products worldwide with toxic chemicals called fumonisins. The role of fumonisins in disease is unclear because, although they are not required for ear rot, they are required for seedling diseases. Disease symptoms may be due to the ability of fumonisins to inhibit ceramide synthase activity, the expected cause of lipids (fatty acids, oxylipins, and sphingolipids) alteration in infected plants.

Further In Vitro Assessment and Mid-Term Evaluation of Control Strategy of subsp. in Olive Groves of Salento (Apulia, Italy).

During recent years; subsp. (Xfp) has spread in Salento causing relevant damage to the olive groves. Measures to contain the spreading of the pathogen include the monitoring of the areas bordering the so-called "infected" zone and the tree eradication in case of positive detection.

Exploits Maize Kernels Using an "Orphan" Secondary Metabolite Cluster.

is a saprophytic cosmopolitan fungus, capable of infecting crops both pre- and post-harvest and exploiting different secondary metabolites, including aflatoxins. Aflatoxins are known carcinogens to animals and humans, but display no clear effect in host plants such as maize. In a previous study, we mined the genome of to identify secondary metabolite clusters putatively involving the pathogenesis process in maize.

Shark-related injuries in Hawai'i treated at a level 1 trauma center.

Background: Although rare, human-shark interactions can result in a wide spectrum of injuries. This is the first study to characterize shark-related injuries (SRIs) in Hawai'i.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of the State of Hawai'i Division of Aquatic Resources Shark Incidents List between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2019.

Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils and Extract against subsp. and for Seed Treatment and Development of a Rapid In Vivo Assay.

subsp. (Smith) Davis et al. (Cmm) and Yabuuchi et al.

The Serratus Anterior Plane Study: Continuous Deep Serratus Anterior Plane Block for Mitral Valve Surgery Performed in Right Minithoracotomy.

Objective: Regional anesthesia with thoracic wall blocks could represent an opioid-sparing alternative for mitral valve surgery in right minithoracotomy (mini-MVS). For the present study, an opioid-free analgesia using continuous deep serratus anterior plane block was compared with intravenous morphine.

Design: Prospective, observational cohort study.

Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca and olive produced lipids moderate the switch adhesive versus non-adhesive state and viceversa.

Global trade and climate change are re-shaping the distribution map of pandemic pathogens. One major emerging concern is Xylella fastidiosa, a tropical bacterium recently introduced into Europe from America. In last decades, X.

Tramesan Elicits Durum Wheat Defense against the Septoria Disease Complex.

The Septoria Leaf Blotch Complex (SLBC), caused by the two ascomycetes Zymoseptoria tritici and Parastagonospora nodorum, can reduce wheat global yearly yield by up to 50%. In the last decade, SLBC incidence has increased in Italy; notably, durum wheat has proven to be more susceptible than common wheat. Field fungicide treatment can efficiently control these pathogens, but it leads to the emergence of resistant strains and adversely affects human and animal health and the environment.

Implementing Regional Nerve Blocks in Hip Fracture Programs: A Review of Regional Nerve Blocks, Protocols in the Literature, and the Current Protocol at The Queen's Medical Center in Honolulu, HI.

Hip fractures are a common cause of acute pain in elderly patients. However, pain may be undertreated due medical comorbidities. Strong evidence supports the use of regional nerve blocks to reduce preoperative pain after hip fracture.

Fungal lipids: biosynthesis and signalling during plant-pathogen interaction.

Lipids occur in fungi as major constituents of the membrane systems and minor component in the cell wall; they can store energy in the lipid bodies and, in some cases, they can act as intra-extracellular signals. Fungi contain a various set of lipids, including fatty acids, oxylipins, sphingolipids, phospholipids, glycolipids, and sterols. Current studies in lipids suggest their additional role in cell signalling; for instance, host-pathogen exchange lipid signals at the interface during their interaction.

Lipid Profile of Subsp. Associated With the Olive Quick Decline Syndrome.

Lipids, components of the plasma and intracellular membranes as well as of droplets, provide different biological functions related to energy, carbon storage, and stress responses. Bacterial species display diverse membrane composition that changes in response to the different environmental conditions. During plant-pathogen interactions, lipids might have roles in several aspects such as recognition, signal transduction, and downstream responses.

Oxylipins from both pathogen and host antagonize jasmonic acid-mediated defence via the 9-lipoxygenase pathway in Fusarium verticillioides infection of maize.

Oxylipins are a newly emerging group of signals that serve defence roles or promote virulence. To identify specific host and fungal genes and oxylipins governing the interactions between maize and Fusarium verticillioides, maize wild-type and lipoxygenase3 (lox3) mutant were inoculated with either F. verticillioides wild-type or linoleate-diol-synthase 1-deleted mutant (ΔFvlds1D).

The diagnosis of plant pathogenic bacteria: a state of art.

Plant protection plays an important role in agriculture for the food quality and quantity. The diagnosis of plant diseases and the identification of the pathogens are essential prerequisites for their understanding and control. Among the plant pests, the bacterial pathogens have devastating effects on plant productivity and yield.

Tramesan, a novel polysaccharide from Trametes versicolor. Structural characterization and biological effects.

Mushrooms represent a formidable source of bioactive compounds. Some of these may be considered as biological response modifiers; these include compounds with a specific biological function: antibiotics (e.g.