Publications by authors named "Scaglione V"
Background: Despite kidney transplantation being a life-saving procedure, patients experience a high risk of developing fungal infections (FIs), with an increased risk of both morbidity and mortality, especially during the first year after transplant.
Methods: We herein conducted a narrative review of the most common FIs in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), with a focus on prevalence, risk factors, mortality, and prevention strategies.
Results: The most common fungal pathogens in KTRs include species (up to 70% of the overall FIs), species, , and species.
Almost 25 years have now passed since the first identification of (). It can cause infections both in immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. However, it has been rarely described as an aetiology of infectious endocarditis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Sleep disorders (SD) are prevalent in people with HIV (PWH), but poorly addressed in HIV care. We evaluated the effectiveness of a multidimensional program for SD in an outpatient HIV clinic.
Methods: Interventional study in 175 PWH on ART suffering from insomnia.
Background: Molnupiravir (MOL) and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NIR) decreased mortality and hospital admissions in high-risk patients with mild to moderate COVID-19. Nevertheless, there is a lack of data about the pharmacoeconomic impact of these antivirals in the Omicron era. We conducted a pharmacoeconomic analysis assessing the medical costs of the use of these antivirals compared to those occurred in people who refused the treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarnitine O-acetyltransferase (CRAT) is a crucial enzyme involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism. Alterations in CRAT activity have emerged as significant contributors to the pathogenesis of Leigh syndrome and related mitochondrial disorders. In this study we employed an integrated approach combining in silico docking analysis and virtual screening of chemical libraries with subsequent in vitro validation to identify small molecule modulators of the activity of the wild type (WT) CRAT and the p.
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- - The study explored the effectiveness of early combination treatment (an antiviral plus a monoclonal antibody) versus monotherapy in severely immunocompromised patients with COVID-19.
- - After evaluating 81 patients, the combination therapy did not significantly reduce mortality or hospitalization rates compared to monotherapy, but it did improve emergency department access.
- - The findings suggest that early combination therapy may have a positive impact on overall clinical outcomes; however, more research is required to confirm these results.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the impact of adequate empirical combination therapy (AECT) on 30-day mortality rates in septic shock patients infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Of 98 patients analyzed, those receiving AECT had a significantly lower mortality rate (25%) compared to those on adequate empirical monotherapy (AEMT) (56.8%), indicating AECT may enhance survival.
- The findings suggest transitioning to a single effective antibiotic after confirming susceptibility is safe, highlighting the need for further research to validate these results.
Background: Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) has been historically associated with HIV, especially in people with advanced immunosuppression. Its prevalence decreased over time, but management remains difficult especially when the diagnosis is late and there is a visceral involvement. Bone localization, and particularly the vertebral one, is rare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Advancements in Artificial Intelligence(AI) have made platforms like ChatGPT increasingly relevant in medicine. This study assesses ChatGPT's utility in addressing bacterial infection-related questions and antibiogram-based clinical cases.
Methods: This study involved a collaborative effort involving infectious disease (ID) specialists and residents.
Article Synopsis
- Injectable cabotegravir/rilpivirine (ICAB/RPV) has recently become available for HIV treatment, and this study aimed to evaluate its impact on sleep disturbances in patients who switched to this therapy.
- A total of 46 individuals participated, and they were assessed for sleep quality before and 12 weeks after starting ICAB/RPV using various sleep questionnaires; the demographic data and health records were also analyzed.
- Results showed no significant changes in sleep disturbance scores, although 37% reported feeling their sleep quality improved, indicating that switching to ICAB/RPV might have minimal negative effects on sleep despite previous concerns.
Article Synopsis
- Cardiometabolic health is critical for women with HIV, prompting an analysis of how well they meet targets for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes in a specific cohort.
- The study included 292 women, revealing that while a majority had a low cardiovascular risk, migrant women showed poorer outcomes in achieving hypertension and lipid targets compared to Italian women.
- Findings suggest that current treatment approaches are inadequate, highlighting a need for stronger drug interventions, improved adherence to treatment, and lifestyle changes for better health outcomes, particularly for migrant women with HIV.
Purpose: Although dalbavancin is currently approved for the treatment of ABSSIs, several studies suggest its efficacy and tolerance as long-term therapy for other off-label indications requiring prolonged intravenous antibiotic administration.
Methods: We conducted a prospective nationwide study of dalbavancin use in real-life settings for both approved and off-label indications analysing for each case the clinical and microbiological characteristics of infection the efficacy and safety of treatments.
Results: During the study period (from December 2018 to July 2021), the ID specialists from 14 different centres enrolled 223 patients treated with dalbavancin [141 males (63%) and 82 females (37%); male/female ratio 1.
Background: The introduction and evolution of antiretrovirals has changed the panorama of comorbidities in people living with HIV (PLWH) by reducing the risk of AIDS-defining cancers (ADC). By contrast, due to ageing and persistent inflammation, the prevalence and incidence of non-AIDS-defining cancers have significantly increased. Therefore, we aimed at describing cancer epidemiology in our cohort over 28 years.
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- Cutaneous bacillary angiomatosis (cBA) is a rare vascular disorder primarily linked to Bartonella infections, typically seen in individuals with HIV, leading to potential underdiagnosis in those without severe immunosuppression.
- A case of a 67-year-old Italian man with no major immunocompromising conditions illustrates the challenges of diagnosing cBA, as he experienced a lengthy symptom onset before proper identification.
- Successful treatment involved a combination of antibiotics based on molecular testing, highlighting the need for clinicians to consider cBA in patients with milder immune issues and the importance of personalized treatment strategies due to the lack of established guidelines.
Objectives: How to detect the clinical impact of anticholinergic (AC) burden in people with HIV (PWH) remains poorly investigated. We cross-sectionally described the prevalence and type of AC signs/symptoms and the screening accuracy of three AC scales in detecting their presence in a modern cohort of PWH.
Methods: We calculated AC Burden Scale (ABS), AC Risk Score (ARS) and AC Drug Score (ADS) in 721 adult PWH and recorded the presence of AC signs/symptoms over the previous 3 months.
Article Synopsis
- Clinical trials showed that dolutegravir and lamivudine (DTG/3TC) are effective and safe for people living with HIV, but there’s a lack of long-term data for individuals aged 65 and older.
- A study involving 112 participants aged 65 and above found that most had multimorbidity, and after switching to DTG/3TC, there were no significant changes in health parameters over a 6-year follow-up.
- The study concluded that DTG/3TC is safe and effective for older adults with HIV, maintaining a high rate of undetectable viral loads and a low rate of treatment discontinuations due to side effects or virological failure.*
Background: A large increase in multi-drug-resistant , especially carbapenem-resistant strains, occurred during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic, posing important challenges in its treatment. Cefiderocol appeared to be a good option for the treatment of Carbapenem-resistant (CR-Ab), but to date, the guidelines and evidence available are conflicting.
Methods: We retrospectively included a group of patients with CR-Ab infections (treated with colistin- or cefiderocol-based regimens) at Padua University Hospital (August 2020-July 2022) and assessed predictors of 30-day mortality, and differences in microbiological and clinical treatment.
In a convenience sample of 93 patients treated with monoclonal antibodies (moAbs) against SARS-CoV-2, the interleukin-6/lymphocyte count ratio (IL-6/LC) was able to predict clinical worsening both in early stages of COVID-19 and in oxygen-requiring patients. Moreover, we analysed 18 most at-risk patients with asymptomatic or mild disease treated with both moAbs and antiviral treatment and found that only 2 had clinical progression, while patients with a similar risk were reported to have an unfavourable outcome in most cases from recent data. In only one of our 18 patients, clinical progression was attributable to COVID-19, and in the other cases, clinical progression was observed despite IL-6/LC being above the risk cut-off.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecently, a benefit from administration of a 3-day course of early remdesivir (ER) in the outpatients' setting was reported. However, real-life data on its use is scarce. Therefore, we explored the ER clinical outcome in our outpatients' s cohort, compared to untreated controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Molnupiravir (MOL) and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NIR) were recently approved for the early treatment of COVID-19, but real-life data on tolerability, safety, and adverse events (AEs) are still scarce.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including all patients who were prescribed MOL and NIR at the Infectious Diseases Unit of Padua University Hospital, between January and May 2022. Demographic, clinical, and safety variables were recorded.
Background: The relationship between sleep disorders (SDs), cardiovascular risk (CVR), and mood disorders (MDs) has been studied in detail in the general population, but far less in people with HIV (PWH).
Methods: Cross-sectional analysis in single centre cohort of PWH. Sleep quality was assessed using by Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Berlin Questionnaire (BQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); anxiety and depression were evaluated by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire-9.
Background: Our aim was to describe the clinical outcome and safety of the sequential treatment with off-label dalbavancin in patients with spondylodiscitis that is caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Methods: We retrospectively included all patients >18 years of age with spondylodiscitis that is caused by MRSA that was treated with dalbavancin from January 2018−January 2021, recording the instances of clinical cure/failure, adverse events, and the need to be re-hospitalized after the initiation of dalbavancin. In 2/15 patients, we performed therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for dalbavancin.
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