Macromolecular Architecture in the Synthesis of Micro- and Mesoporous Polymers.

Polymers with micro- and mesoporous structure are promising as materials for gas storage and separation, encapsulating agents for controlled drug release, carriers for catalysts and sensors, precursors of nanostructured carbon materials, carriers for biomolecular immobilization and cellular scaffolds, as materials with a low dielectric constant, filtering/separating membranes, proton exchange membranes, templates for replicating structures, and as electrode materials for energy storage. Sol-gel technologies, track etching, and template synthesis are used for their production, including in micelles of surfactants and microemulsions and sublimation drying. The listed methods make it possible to obtain pores with variable shapes and sizes of 5-50 nm and achieve a narrow pore size distribution.

Self-Organization of Polyurethane Ionomers Based on Organophosphorus-Branched Polyols.

Based on organophosphorus branched polyols (AEPAs) synthesized using triethanolamine (TEOA), -phosphoric acid (OPA), and polyoxyethylene glycol with MW = 400 (PEG), vapor-permeable polyurethane ionomers (AEPA-PEG-PUs) were obtained. During the synthesis of AEPAs, the reaction of the OPA etherification with polyoxyethylene glycol was studied in a wide temperature range and at different molar ratios of the starting components. It turned out that OPA simultaneously undergoes a catalytically activated etherification reaction with triethanolamine and PEG.

Microporous Block Copolymers Modified with Cu(II)-Coordinated Polyethylene Oxide-Substituted Silicas for Analytical Sensors.

The influence of stable-to-self-condensation Cu(II)-coordinated polyoxyethylene-substituted silicas (ASiP-Cu-0.5) on the synthesis of microporous block copolymers (OBCs) whose structural feature is the existence of coplanar polyisocyanate blocks of acetal nature (O-polyisocyanates) and a flexible-chain component of amphiphilic nature was studied. The use of ASiP-Cu-0.

Introduction to the Topic of the Special Issue "Progresses and Challenges of Block Copolymer Membranes" from the Guest Editor.

It is well-known that various mixtures that require separation have to be dealt with in many branches of industry, especially the chemical and petrochemical industries [...

Optically Transparent Polydimethylsiloxane-Ethylene Oxide-Propylene Oxide Multiblock Copolymers Crosslinked with Isocyanurates as Organic Compound Sorbents.

New crosslinked (polydimethylsiloxane-ethylene-propylene oxide)-polyisocyanurate multiblock copolymers (MBCs) were synthesized, and their supramolecular structure and sorption characteristics were studied. It was found that the interaction of PPEG and D leads to polyaddition of D initiated by potassium-alcoholate groups. The use of the amphiphilic silica derivatives associated in an oligomeric medium (ASiPs) leads to structuring of the MBC due to the transetherification reaction of the terminal silanol groups of the MBC with ASiPs.

Gel-polymer electrolytes based on polyurethane ionomers for lithium power sources.

Polyurethanes based on the aminoethers of -phosphoric acid and polyisocyanates of an aliphatic nature were studied as a substrate for the preparation of new polymer electrolyte. The conductivity of polyurethane ionomer samples obtained using the optimal amount of aliphatic polyisocyanates and after keeping them in a 1 M LiBF solution in γ-butyrolactone reaches 0.62 mS cm.

Organophosphorus Polyurethane Ionomers as Water Vapor Permeable and Pervaporation Membranes.

Organophosphorus polyurethane ionomers (AEPA-PU) based on aminoethers of -phosphoric acid (AEPA) were obtained and studied as pervaporation membrane materials for separating isopropanol/water mixtures. The regularities of the change in the water vapor permeability of AEPA-PU were also investigated. It has been established that an increase of solute content in the composition of the urethane-forming system and the content of ionogenic groups in AEPA leads to a noticeable increase in the vapor permeability of the resulting film materials.

Water vapor permeable polyurethane films based on the hyperbranched aminoethers of boric acid.

The hyperbranched polymers have drawn intensive attention in the design of macromolecules and functional materials because of their unique physical and chemical properties resulting from the branched architecture and the high number of functional groups. In the present study, by means of light scattering, viscosimetry, thermomechanical analysis, tensile stress-strain, mechanical loss tangent and water vapor permeability measurements, we demonstrate the hierarchical macromolecular organization of organoboron polyurethanes synthesized using sterically hindered amino ethers (AEBA) of boric acid. It is shown that the water vapor permeability of polyurethanes obtained on the basis of sterically hindered aminoethers of boric acid is due to the peculiarities of the chemical structure of AEBA, which can exhibit an ionomeric nature and the presence of steric hindrances created in the hyperbranched structure of AEBA, which can lead to an increase in free volume in such polyurethanes.

Polyurethane ionomers based on amino ethers of -phosphoric acid.

The etherification of -phosphoric acid with triethanolamine and polyoxypropylene glycol is studied. The reaction process is accompanied by the formation of hyperbranched amino ethers of -phosphoric acid terminated by hydroxyl groups. A specific feature of the chemical structure of the compounds obtained is the existence of ion pairs in their structure separated in space.

[Intraoperative urological complications in transurethral surgical interventions on the prostate for benign hyperplasia].

Wide clinical introduction of endoscopic methods in management of lower urinary tract (LUT) diseases is explained both by their high efficacy and relative safety. In spite of perfection of endourological tools, no large-scale clinical trials have been performed of late analyzing the rate of complications of endoscopic treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). A total of 5401 transurethral endoscopic operations were made in BPH patients.

Ontogenetic peculiarities of the effect of endothelin-1 on tissue homeostasis of various cell populations in albino rats.

The effects of endothelin-1 on tissue homeostasis in newborn and adult albino rats were studied by(3)H-thymidine autoradiography, staining with AgNO(3), computer-assisted morphometry, and biochemiluminescence. In adult rats the ability of endothelin-1 to activate DNA synthesis in epithelial cells decreased compared to that in newborn animals; inversion of the stimulatory effects of endothelin-1 on the nucleolar apparatus of cardiomyocytes and pronounced intensification of free radical oxidation in the heart were also seen in adult animals. These differences can be related to ontogenetic peculiarities of endothelin-1 reception.

Effect of endothelin-1 on DNA synthesis in the myocardium of albino rats during early postnatal ontogeny.

Effect of intraperitoneal injection of endothelin-1 on DNA synthesis in the myocardium of newborn albino rats was studied by(3)H-thymidine autoradiography. Endothelin-1 injected in a single dose of 10 microg/kg stimulated proliferative processes: the index of labeled nuclei and labeling intensity increased. Repeated (5 times) administration of endothelin-1 in doses of 1 and 10 microg/kg increased labeling intensity, but did not change the index of labeled nuclei.