Single-Stage Alar Nostril Ring Correction Using Auricular Composite Grafts in Reconstructive Rhinoplasty.

Background: Alar nostril ring correction in patients with multiple prior surgeries is one of the most challenging procedures in reconstructive rhinoplasty. Assessing patient satisfaction and the technique's failure rate is essential in evaluating its effectiveness.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the outcomes of alar nostril ring correction using auricular composite grafts (ACGs) in patients with severe post-rhinoplasty deformities from multiple previous surgeries.

Epilepsy and Anti-Seizure Medications: Secret Agents for Endocrine Disruption.

There is a reciprocal relationship between epilepsy and reproductive endocrine disorders. Seizures and anti-seizure medications (ASMs) can contribute to reproductive and endocrine dysfunction and reproductive dysfunction may exacerbate seizures. Epilepsy via neuroendocrine mechanisms affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis, disrupting the regulation of gonadotropin secretion, and resulting in dystrophic effects on the ovaries and early menopause.

Reconstructive Septorhinoplasty for Surgical Correction of Tessier's No. 0 Cleft in Adult Patients.

Background: Tessier No. 0 cleft, characterized by a bifid nose, significantly impacts facial development, imposing significant psychological and financial burdens on patients. Correction lacks consensus due to varied presentations and limited documentation of surgical treatments, notably in adults.

Simultaneous Rhinoplasty and Septal Perforation Repair Using the Bone-Cartilaginous Unit.

Background: Various techniques are employed for septal perforation repair but success rates still vary. Numerous mucosal flaps are used for septal perforation closure; however, a scaffold is essential for proper positioning and enhanced mucosal growth.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of utilizing a septal bone/cartilage composite graft (BC unit) to close septal perforations in rhinoplasty patients and evaluate patient satisfaction.

Outcome Evaluation of Reconstructive Septorhinoplasty in Patients with a History of Nasal Skin Necrosis.

Nasal skin necrosis represents a severe rhinoplasty complication, potentially leading to nasal deformity and psychological distress. To assess the safety, nasal function enhancement, and esthetic satisfaction in individuals with a history of nasal skin necrosis following reconstructive septorhinoplasty using patient-reported outcome measures. The case series included patients who underwent reconstructive septorhinoplasty 1 year after experiencing skin necrosis.

Comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of CT scan with oral and intravenous contrast versus CT scan with intravenous contrast alone in the diagnosis of blunt abdominal trauma.

Purpose: Abdominal CT scan using oral and intravenous (IV) contrast is helpful in the diagnosis of intra-abdominal injuries. However, the use of oral and IV contrast delays the process of diagnosis and increases the risk of aspiration. It has also been shown that CT scan with IV contrast alone is as helpful as CT scan with oral and IV contrast and rectal CT scan in detecting abdominal injuries.

Clinical Predictors of Testicular Torsion in Patients with Acute Scrotum; a Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Testicular torsion is an important and critical issue in patients with acute scrotum referring to emergency department (ED). Early detection is very important to save the testicles. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of clinical variables in predicting the presence of testicular torsion.

Norepinephrine with dopamine infusion on the end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETco2) pressure in patients with septic shock.

Background: Septic shock is a critical medical condition and immediate intervention is required as well as hemodynamic stability using fluid and vasopressor. Direct relationship between changes in ETco2 and changes in the cardiac output. We evaluated the study by comparing the effect of using norepinephrine or dopamine on ETco2 of patients with septic shock.

Kidney Disease and Epilepsy.

Chronic kidney disease and seizures often co-exist. When seizures are provoked in patients with kidney disease, their treatment poses a particular challenge. Seizures may be provoked in the context of uremia, and toxic substances associated with uremic encephalopathy.

One-Month Follow-Up of Patients with Unspecified Abdominal Pain Referring to the Emergency Department; a Cohort Study.

Introduction: About one third of patients referring to emergency department (ED) with abdominal pain, are discharged without a definite diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate the one-month outcome of patients with unspecified abdominal pain.

Methods: This cohort study was conducted on subjects who were evaluated in ED with unspecified abdominal pain and were referred to the gastroenterology clinic and followed for one month.

Prognostic Value of Cardiac Troponin I and T on Admission in Mortality of Multiple Trauma Patients Admitted to the Emergency Department: a Prospective Follow-up Study.

Introduction: The relationship between increased levels of cardiac troponins and morbidity and mortality of traumatic patients is not still well recognized.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of cardiac troponin I and T on admission in mortality of multiple trauma patients admitted to the emergency department.

Methods: In this prospective follow-up study, the cardiac troponin I and T levels were measured in patients with multiple trauma referring to the emergency department (ED) between March 2014 and February 2015 at Imam Khomeini Hospital, Sari, Iran.

The Efficacy and Safety of Prochlorperazine in Patients With Acute Migraine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: The aim of this review was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of prochlorperazine (PCP) in patients with acute migraine headache in the emergency department (ED).

Methods: Electronic databases (Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane) were searched for randomized clinical trials that investigated the effect of PCP on headache relief. The outcomes were the number of patients without headache or with reduced headache severity, the number of adverse events, and the need for rescue analgesia.

Treatment of Women With Epilepsy.

Purpose Of Review: This article provides the latest information to guide practitioners in counseling and treating women with epilepsy.

Recent Findings: There is an increasing body of literature on the multidirectional effects of sex hormones on seizure frequency and severity and of seizures altering areas of the brain involved in neuroendocrine function. Ongoing pregnancy outcome data from pregnancy registries and meta-analysis of observational studies have provided key information on the safety of using antiseizure medications during pregnancy and the risk to the fetus.

Strategic hospital partnerships: improved access to care and increased epilepsy surgical volume.

OBJECTIVE Surgical treatment of patients with medically refractory focal epilepsy is underutilized. Patients may lack access to surgically proficient centers. The University of California, Irvine (UCI) entered strategic partnerships with 2 epilepsy centers with limited surgical capabilities.

Applications of End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide (ETCO2) Monitoring in Emergency Department; a Narrative Review.

Capnograph is an indispensable tool for monitoring metabolic and respiratory function. In this study, the aim was to review the applications of end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) monitoring in emergency department, multiple databases were comprehensively searched with combination of following keywords: "ETCO2", "emergency department monitoring", and "critical monitoring" in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Index Copernicus, EBSCO and Cochrane Database.

Accuracy and Efficacy for Robotic Assistance in Implanting Responsive Neurostimulation Device Electrodes in Bilateral Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

Background: Responsive neurostimulation (RNS) is a relatively new treatment option that has been shown to be effective for patients with medically refractory focal epilepsy when resection is not possible, especially in bilateral mesial temporal onset. Robotic devices are becoming increasingly popular for use in stereotactic procedures such as stereoelectroencephalography, but have yet to be used when implanting RNS devices.

Objective: To show that these 2 forms of advanced technology were compatible and could be used effectively in patient care.

Influence of a Commercial Lead Apron on Patient Skin Dose Delivered During Oral and Maxillofacial Examinations under Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of a commercial lead apron on patient skin dose delivered during maxillofacial CBCT in five critical regions by means of solid-state-dosimetry. Five anatomical regions (thyroid gland, left and right breast, gonads, back of the phantom torso) in an adult female anthropomorphic phantom were selected for dose measurement by means of the highly sensitive solid-state dosimeter QUART didoSVM. Ten repeated single exposures were assessed for each patient body region for a total of five commercial CBCT devices with and without a lead apron present.

Length of stay for patients undergoing invasive electrode monitoring with stereoelectroencephalography and subdural grids correlates positively with increased institutional profitability.

Objective: Lowering the length of stay (LOS) is thought to potentially decrease hospital costs and is a metric commonly used to manage capacity. Patients with epilepsy undergoing intracranial electrode monitoring may have longer LOS because the time to seizure is difficult to predict or control. This study investigates the effect of economic implications of increased LOS in patients undergoing invasive electrode monitoring for epilepsy.

Comparison of decoding resolution of standard and high-density electrocorticogram electrodes.

Objective: Electrocorticography (ECoG)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) is a promising platform for controlling arm prostheses. To restore functional independence, a BCI must be able to control arm prostheses along at least six degrees-of-freedoms (DOFs). Prior studies suggest that standard ECoG grids may be insufficient to decode multi-DOF arm movements.

Extracting kinetic information from human motor cortical signals.

Brain machine interfaces (BMIs) have the potential to provide intuitive control of neuroprostheses to restore grasp to patients with paralyzed or amputated upper limbs. For these neuroprostheses to function, the ability to accurately control grasp force is critical. Grasp force can be decoded from neuronal spikes in monkeys, and hand kinematics can be decoded using electrocorticogram (ECoG) signals recorded from the surface of the human motor cortex.

MRI segmentation analysis in temporal lobe and idiopathic generalized epilepsy.

Background: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) patients have each been associated with extensive brain atrophy findings, yet to date there are no reports of head to head comparison of both patient groups. Our aim was to assess and compare between tissue-specific and structural brain atrophy findings in TLE to IGE patients and to healthy controls (HC).

Methods: TLE patients were classified in TLE lesional (L-TLE) or non-lesional (NL-TLE) based on presence or absence of MRI temporal structural abnormalities.

Sensitivity and specificity of upper extremity movements decoded from electrocorticogram.

Electrocorticogram (ECoG)-based brain computer interfaces (BCI) can potentially be used for control of arm prostheses. Restoring independent function to BCI users with such a system will likely require control of many degrees-of-freedom (DOF). However, our ability to decode many-DOF arm movements from ECoG signals has not been thoroughly tested.

Characteristics of refractory vs. medically controlled epilepsy patients with obstructive sleep apnea and their response to CPAP treatment.

Unlabelled: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) commonly coexists with epilepsy, and treatment of OSA may decrease seizure frequency. However, it is unclear whether patients with medically refractory epilepsy have a higher incidence of OSA compared with well-controlled epilepsy patients and whether the two groups carry different risk factors.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the presence of OSA in patients with refractory vs.

An episode of severely suppressed electrocerebral activity recorded by electroencephalography during endoscopic resection of a colloid cyst.

Intraoperative neuromonitoring utilizing electroencephalography (EEG) is rarely performed during neuroendoscopy. The authors present a case in which this monitoring modality was used for a patient with a colloid cyst in preparation for an open craniotomy should an endoscopic approach fail. In this case, EEG serendipitously captured near-complete cessation of electrocerebral activity that occurred during intraventricular irrigation in response to ventricular collapse and resulted in no postoperative deficits.