Extracellular Vesicle - MDM2-DNA as a Potential Liquid Biopsy Biomarker for Disease Identification in Retroperitoneal Liposarcoma.

Objective: We aimed to assess the levels of MDM2-DNA within extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from the serum of retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLS) patients versus healthy donors, as well as within the same patients at the time of surgery versus post-operative surveillance visits. To determine whether EV-MDM2 may serve as a possible first-ever biomarker of liposarcoma recurrence.

Background: A hallmark of well-differentiated and de-differentiated (WD/DD) retroperitoneal liposarcoma is elevated MDM2 due to genome amplification, with recurrence rates of >50% even after complete resection.

Comparison of three-dimensional cell culture techniques of dedifferentiated liposarcoma and their integration with future research.

Dedifferentiated liposarcoma is a formidable sarcoma subtype due to its high local recurrence rate and resistance to medical treatment. While 2D cell cultures are still commonly used, 3D cell culture systems have emerged as a promising alternative, particularly scaffold-based techniques that enable the creation of 3D models with more accurate cell-stroma interactions. To investigate how 3D structures with or without the scaffold existence would affect liposarcoma cell lines growth morphologically and biologically.

Helicobacter pylori infection associated DNA methylation in primary gastric cancer significantly correlates with specific molecular and clinicopathological features.

Helicobacter pylori induces DNA methylation in gastric mucosa, which links to gastric cancer (GC) risk. In contrast, CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) is defined as high levels of cancer-specific methylation and provides distinct molecular and clinicopathological features of GC. The association between those two types of methylation in GC remains unclear.

Endoscopic features of lymphoid follicles in the colonic mucosa using the image enhanced endoscopy and its association with colorectal adenoma.

Background/aim: Lymphoid follicles hyperplasia (LH) is sometimes observed in the normal colon as small, round, yellowish-white nodules. LH is associated with food hypersensitivity and bowel symptoms and histologically characterized as intense infiltration of lymphocytes or plasmacytes. It is suggested that LH represents inflammatory immune response in the colonic mucosa.

Three dimensional models of dedifferentiated liposarcoma cell lines: scaffold-based and scaffold-free approaches.

Sarcomas are rare malignancies, the number of reports is limited, and this rarity makes further research difficult even though liposarcoma is one of major sarcomas. 2D cell culture remains an important role in establishing basic tumor biology research, but its various shortcomings and limitations are still of concern, and it is now well-accepted that the behavior of 3D-cultured cells is more reflective of in vivo cellular responses compared to 2D models. This study aimed to establish 3D cell culture of liposarcomas using two different methods: scaffold-based (Matrigel extracellular matrix [ECM] scaffold method) and scaffold-free (Ultra-low attachment [ULA] plate).

In situ hybridization to detect DNA amplification in extracellular vesicles.

EVs have emerged as an important component in tumour initiation, progression and metastasis. Although notable progresses have been made, the detection of EV cargoes remain significantly challenging for researchers to practically use; faster and more convenient methods are required to validate the EV cargoes, especially as biomarkers. Here we show, the possibility of examining embedded EVs as substrates to be used for detecting DNA amplification through ultrasensitive in situ hybridization (ISH).

Lower LINE-1 methylation is associated with promoter hypermethylation and distinct molecular features in gastric cancer.

To investigate the associations between methylation, an indicator for genome-wide hypomethylation, molecular and clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer (GC) patients. methylation statuses were examined in paired cancerous, non-neoplastic mucosa from 217 GC and gastric mucosa from separate group of 224 noncancer patients. CpG island methylator phenotype, and mutation, methylation status and promoter hypermethylation of GC related and -related genes were examined.

Gastric Mucosal Microarchitectures Associated with Irreversibility with Eradication and Downregulation of Micro RNA (miR)-124a.

To investigate the molecular mechanisms of gastric carcinogenesis after () eradication, expression of miR-124a, miR-34b, and miR-34c was examined in nonneoplastic gastric specimens after successful eradication. The magnifying narrow-band imaging (NBI) endoscopic features of gastric mucosa were also examined. The atrophic type, an informative endoscopic feature for histological intestinal metaplasia, showed lower expression of miR-124a.

Prostate Stem Cell Antigen Gene Polymorphism Is Associated with -related Promoter DNA Methylation in Nonneoplastic Gastric Epithelium.

Genome-wide association study identified two functional SNPs associated with gastric cancer especially the diffuse type. The first was a polymorphism (rs2294008) in (), and the other was a polymorphism (rs4072037) in (). DNA methylation is associated with gastric cancer and ()-induced gastritis, while hypermethylation of promoter CpG island (CGI) is a common characteristic of enlarged-fold gastritis induced by , a risk factor of diffuse-type gastric cancer.

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori Induces Immediate Regressive Changes in Early Gastric Adenocarcinomas.

Objective: Helicobacter pylori eradication is expected to prevent gastric cancer. However, morphological alterations after eradication often hinder accurate diagnosis. Therefore, we evaluated endoscopic and histological changes in gastric tumors after eradication of H.

Pneumatosis intestinalis and hepatic portal venous gas associated with gas-forming bacterial translocation due to postoperative paralytic ileus: A case report.

Rationale: Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) and hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) are rare but potentially lethal conditions in which gas pathologically accumulates in the portal vein and intestinal wall, respectively. Proposed mechanisms include flatus escaping through an injured intestinal mucosa into the submucosa and thence into the portal venous system, or bacterial translocation (BT) of gas-forming enteric microorganisms from the gut into and through the intestinal wall to other organs. However, there has been no clear histopathological evidence to support these hypotheses.

Molecular subtyping of gastric cancer combining genetic and epigenetic anomalies provides distinct clinicopathological features and prognostic impacts.

Both genetic and epigenetic abnormalities play important roles in gastric cancer (GC) development. We investigated whether the molecular subtypes of gastric cancer by combining genetic and epigenetic anomalies define its clinicopathological features and prognosis. The CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), MLH1 methylation, TP53, and KRAS mutation statuses were characterized in 214 GCs in relation to their clinicopathological features and prognosis.

DNA methylation accumulation in gastric mucosa adjacent to cancer after Helicobacter pylori eradication.

Molecular irreversibleness with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection might have a role in gastric tumorigenesis after H. pylori eradication.

A Comparative Study of White Light Endoscopy, Chromoendoscopy and Magnifying Endoscopy with Narrow Band Imaging in the Diagnosis of Early Gastric Cancer after Helicobacter pylori Eradication.

Background And Aim: Early-stage gastric cancer (EGC) found after H. pylori eradication often has non-tumorous epithelium on the tumorous tissue and/or surface differentiation of tumors, which may confuse endoscopic and histologic diagnosis. We investigated the diagnostic reliability of EGC using conventional white light endoscopy (WLE), chromoendoscopy (CE) using indigo carmine, and magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging (ME-NBI) in patients with EGC with or without history of prior H.

Potential link between Fusobacterium enrichment and DNA methylation accumulation in the inflammatory colonic mucosa in ulcerative colitis.

Background And Aim: enrichment has been associated with colorectal cancer development. Ulcerative colitis (UC) associated tumorigenesis is characterized as high degree of methylation accumulation through continuous colonic inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate a potential link between enrichment and DNA methylation accumulation in the inflammatory colonic mucosa in UC.

Methylation status of IGF2 DMR and LINE1 in leukocyte DNA provides distinct clinicopathological features of gastric cancer patients.

DNA methylation of leukocyte DNA has been proposed to be a biomarker for cancer that can be used to target patients for appropriate clinical implementation. We investigated IGF2 DMR and LINE1 methylation in the leukocyte DNA and their association with clinicopathological features and prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) patients. Methylation status of IGF2 DMR and LINE1 in the leukocyte DNA was quantified using bisulfite pyrosequencing in 207 GC patients.

Endoscopic features of lymphoid follicles using blue laser imaging (BLI) endoscopy in the colorectum and its association with chronic bowel symptoms.

Background/aim: In the colorectum, lymphoid follicles hyperplasia (LH) is sometimes observed as small, round, yellowish-white nodules. The novel image-enhanced endoscopy system named blue laser imaging (BLI) provides enhanced the contrast of surface vessels using lasers for light illumination. We investigated the endoscopic features of LH observed by using BLI endoscopy and its association with chronic bowel symptoms.

Magnifying NBI Patterns of Gastric Mucosa After Helicobacter pylori Eradication and Its Potential Link to the Gastric Cancer Risk.

Background: Gastric cancer develops after successful H. pylori eradication in patients with severe atrophic gastritis. We classified atrophic and non-atrophic mucosa of gastric body using magnifying NBI endoscopy in patients after successful H.

Magnifying narrow-band imaging of gastric mucosal morphology predicts the H. pylori-related epigenetic field defect.

DNA methylation is associated with "field defect" in the gastric mucosa. To characterize "field defect" morphologically, we examined DNA methylation of non-neoplastic gastric mucosa in relation to their morphology seen by narrow-band imaging (NBI) with magnifying endoscopy. Magnifying NBI of non-neoplastic gastric body was classified as follows: normal-small and round pits with uniform subepithelial capillary networks; type 1-a little enlarged round pits with indistinct subepithelial capillary networks; type 2-remarkably enlarged pits with irregular vessels; and type 3-clearly demarcated oval or tubulovillous pits with bulky coiled or wavy vessels.

Morphologic characterization of residual DNA methylation in the gastric mucosa after Helicobacter pylori eradication.

Residual DNA methylation in the gastric mucosa after Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication may have a role in gastric carcinogenesis. We examined the association between morphologic features and promoter methylation status of non-neoplastic gastric mucosa especially after H.

Telomere Length in Leukocyte DNA in Gastric Cancer Patients and its Association with Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis.

Background/aim: Telomere shortening in leukocytes has been thought to be associated with reduced immune response capacity and increased chromosome instability. Several studies indicate that telomere length in the peripheral blood leukocyte DNA can predict clinical outcome of several cancers. We evaluated the potential association between telomere shortening in the leukocyte DNA and clinicopathological features and prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) in Japanese patients.

Telomere length in the gastric mucosa after Helicobacter pylori eradication and its potential role in the gastric carcinogenesis.

The molecular mechanisms of gastric carcinogenesis after Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication remain unclear. We examined the telomere length of gastric mucosa samples after successful H.