Plasma levels of neurogenic inflammation related neuropeptides in pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia and their potential diagnostic value in distinguishing viral and bacterial pneumonia.

Unlabelled: Neurogenic inflammation is involved in the development and progression of respiratory inflammatory diseases. However, its role in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains unclear. We therefore aimed to investigate plasma levels of neurogenic inflammation-related neuropeptides, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), and procalcitonin (PCT) in pediatric patients with CAP and to assess their diagnostic value in viral and bacterial/mixed pneumonia.

Vitamin E-added Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene Decreases the Risk of Osteolysis in an In Vivo Arthroplasty Model.

Introduction Aseptic loosening is one of the most important complications of arthroplasty surgery. It is known that immune response against particles plays role in the pathogenesis of aseptic loosening. Polyethylene (PE) has an important place in these particles.

Difference in the results of repair made with single or double rows according to the shape and size of the tear in arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on the results of patients applied with arthroscopic full layer total layer rotator cuff repair made according to the shape and size of the tear.The study included a total of 120 patients applied with arthroscopic full layer rotator cuff repair as single or double row repair. The patients were separated into 3 groups of 40 according to the shape of the tear, as Group A (crescent type), Group B (U type), and Group C (L type).

The Effect of Graft Positions on the Stability of Total Hip Arthroplasty with Different Types of Subtrochanteric Shortening.

 The aim of the present study is to investigate the biomechanical stability of different subtrochanteric osteotomy types and graft positions in cases of dysplastic coxarthrosis that require total hip arthroplasty with shortening osteotomy, as well as to find out the most effective osteotomy type and graft position.  Femur sawbones were used to compare different types of femoral shortening osteotomy (transverse, oblique, and step-cut). Strut grafts, which were prepared at the side of the subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy, were fixed in different positions (anterolateral, mediolateral, and anteroposterior).

A comparison of full arthroscopic and arthroscopic-assisted mini-open repair methods in rotator cuff tears 1-3 cm in size.

Introduction: Retrospective evaluation of rotator cuff repair with arthroscopic or arthroscopic-assisted mini-open methods for a diagnosis of non-retracted rotator cuff tear.

Materials And Methods: A total of 45 patients underwent rotator cuff repair; Group 1 (n = 24) with arthroscopic-assisted mini-open method and Group 2 (n = 21) with full arthroscopic method.

Results: Within both Group 1 and Group 2, a statistically significant results is p = 0.

The relationship between the type of unstable intertrochanteric femur fracture and mobility in the elderly.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of uniform anti-rotational proximal femoral intramedullary nail (APFN) use on patient mobility status with the treatment of two different unstable intertrochanteric femur fracture groups of geriatric patients.

Methods: The study included patients aged > 65 years who underwent surgery with APFN. Group 1 comprised AO classification, AO/OTA 31-A22, and A23 patients, and group 2, A31 and A32 patients.

Analysis of glenohumeral morphological factors for anterior shoulder instability and rotator cuff tear by magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are glenohumeral morphological differences between normal population, glenohumeral instability, and rotator cuff pathology.

Method: In this study, shoulder magnetic resonance (MR) images of 150 patients were evaluated. Patients included in the study were studied in three groups of 50 individuals: patients with anterior shoulder instability in group 1, patients with rotator cuff tear in group 2, and control subjects without shoulder pathology in group 3.

Accessory Lesser Metatarsal Sesamoids in All of the Metatarsophalangeal Joints.

Lesser metatarsal sesamoids are one of the most common accessory bones of the foot and are most commonly seen at the fifth metatarsophalangeal joint. They are rarely seen in other metatarsophalangeal joints. In the literature, there are reports of solitary accessory sesamoid bones seen at lesser metatarsophalangeal joints.

Acetabuloplasty at the anatomic centre for treating Crowe class III and IV developmental hip dysplasia: a case series.

Introduction: Total hip replacement in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a difficult technical procedure for surgeons to perform because of the potential for these patients to have severe anomalies in their bones and soft tissues.

Materials And Methods: We performed acetabuloplasty in 54 hips from 44 patients by reaming the posterior wall of the native acetabulum and medialising the acetabular component to restore the anatomic centre of hip rotation using a small cup without bone grafting. Median time to post-surgery follow-up was 5 (range 2-14) years.

Comparison of different femoral fixation implants and fit techniques for tunnel widening and clinical outcome in ACL reconstruction using hamstring autograft.

Purpose: The purpose of the current study is to investigate in different femoral fixation devices whether tight (undersize drilled) fit technique decreases the tunnel widening and improves the clinical outcome compared to conventional technique in ACL reconstruction using hamstring tendon autograft.

Methods: 93 patients, who underwent Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction whether cortical-cancellous suspension (CP) or cortical suspension (BF) used as fixation device for the hamstring tendon autograft, were included in the study. The cases also grouped as undersize drilled (tight fit) and normal drilled (normal fit) according to their autograft size.

Factors affecting postoperative mortality in patients older than 65 years undergoing surgery for hip fracture.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting postoperative mortality in patients older than 65 years of age undergoing surgery for hip fracture.

Methods: A total of 308 patients (219 males and 89 females) were included into the study. Spinal-epidural anaesthesia was administered in 203 patients and general anaesthesia in 105 patients.

Calculation of pediatric femoral fracture rotation from direct roentgenograms.

Background: Radiologic determination of pediatric femoral fracture rotation has been debated. Measuring the antetorsion angle of the fractured femur by computed tomography and comparing it with the opposite side has been the method of choice for this purpose. However, no simple method for direct measurement of femoral fracture rotation exists in the literature.

The effect of expansive open-door laminoplasty on spinal canal diameter: an experimental study on rabbits.

Objective: The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effect of expansive open-door laminoplasty with simple suture fixation on spinal canal diameter in a rabbit model.

Methods: Twenty white New Zealand rabbits were operated on with C4-C7 Hirabayashi open-door laminoplasty. The spinal canal diameter was evaluated radiologically on preoperative day 1 and postoperative days 1 and 42.

The effect of dehydration and irrigation on tendon adhesion formation after tendon exposure.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dehydration due to tendon exposure on adhesion formation on the tendon surface.

Methods: Achilles tendons of 60 New Zealand white rabbits were surgically exposed and evaluated. In the control group (Group 1), the wound was closed immediately; and in the remaining two groups, Achilles tendons were exposed to air for 60 minutes without (Group 2) or with (Group 3) regular saline irrigation.

The results of Grice Green subtalar arthrodesis of valgus foot in spina bifida.

Background: Valgus foot is a common foot deformity in spina bifida. The most popular operation for the valgus deformity has been the Grice talocalcaneal blocking. It has not been studied primarily in children with spina bifida.

Bicortical versus unicortical pedicle screws in direct vertebral rotation: an in vitro experimental study.

Study Design: In vitro experimental study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical properties of bicortically placed and laterally oriented screws, which may represent an alternative approach for challenging sites during direct vertebral rotation (DVR).

Summary Of Background Data: DVR corrects the transverse plane deformity and the thoracic hump in idiopathic scoliosis.

Skin traction and placebo effect in the preoperative pain control of patients with collum and intertrochanteric femur fractures.

Background: Proximal femur fractures are one of the most common injuries necessitating operative treatment. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate and compare the possible effects of the preoperative application of a skin traction device, with or without weights, on pain relief in patients with acute proximal femur fracture.

Materials And Methods: This study included 108 pre-operative patients with hip fractures.

Quantification of acromioclavicular reduction parameters after the Weaver-Dunn procedure.

Background: The combination of the reconstruction of the coracoclavicular ligaments with the resection arthroplasty of the distal end of the clavicle is a commonly used technique in acromioclavicular separations.

Hypothesis: The purpose of the current study was to quantify the reduction parameters using 3-D CT and to analyze their effects on clinical outcomes.

Study Design: Case series.

Comparison of distal and proximal centralising devices in hip arthroplasty.

Centralising devices were introduced to ensure that the prosthesis is implanted in a neutral position and that a cement mantle of optimal thickness is achieved proximally and distally. A distal centralising device (DCD) is compared with a proximal midshaft centralising device (PCD) to test which one provides a more neutral prosthetic alignment. Thirty consecutive patients undergoing hemiarthroplasties for femoral neck fractures were studied prospectively.

The effect of dehydration and irrigation on the healing of Achilles tendon: an experimental study.

Background: Air exposure is a factor that inhibits in vitro cellular proliferation and matrix synthesis in tendons. Aim of this experimental study was to evaluate effect of dehydration and irrigation on healing of Achilles tendon.

Methods: Achilles tenotomy was done in forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats.

Components of the Wilson osteotomy that are effective on hallux valgus repair.

Wilson osteotomy of the first metatarsal is a technically simple and reliable operation for the correction of the hallux valgus (HV) deformity. The major anatomic components of the osteotomy are the osteotomy angle and the distance of the osteotomy to the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. Lateralization of the first metatarsal head is the rationale for correction of the deformity.

[Tendon holding capacities of the suture materials used in repairing Achilles tendon rupture].

Objectives: We evaluated tendon holding capacities of suture materials that are commonly used in repair of Achilles tendon ruptures.

Methods: Achilles tendons of 60 sheep were removed by incisions 2-cm proximal to the calcaneal insertion and 1-cm distal to the musculotendinous junction. The tendons were randomly divided into six groups and sutures were placed with the Kessler technique at the distal end of the tendons using one of the following suture materials: 2 polydioxanone (PDS), 1 PDS, 2 Vicryl, 1 Vicryl, 2 Ethibond, and 1 Prolene.

The effect of proteolytic enzyme serratiopeptidase in the treatment of experimental implant-related infection.

Background: Infection around an implanted orthopaedic device is a devastating complication, and the treatment of infections involving slime-forming bacteria is especially difficult. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a proteolytic enzyme, serratiopeptidase, in the eradication of a periprosthetic infection in an in vivo animal model.

Methods: In sixty Sprague-Dawley rats, the medullary canal of the right femur was drilled through the intercondylar notch and was inoculated with a Staphylococcus epidermidis strain (ATCC 35984) with a high slime-producing capacity.

Accessory lateral discoid meniscus.

The lateral meniscus tends to have more developmental variation than the medial counterpart. This is a report of an accessory discoid layer of lateral meniscus. All arthroscopic, magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological views are presented.