Publications by authors named "Sayed Hamidreza Mozhgani"
Article Synopsis
- HTLV-1 is linked to serious health issues like Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma and HAM/TSP; thus, screening potential organ donors for the virus is vital due to high transmission risks, particularly in kidney transplant recipients.
- A study at the Iranian Tissue Bank from 2014 to 2021 found that 3% of 3,814 potential organ/tissue donors tested positive for HTLV-1, with rates significantly dropping from 6% to 0.5% over the years.
- Females showed a higher positivity rate (4%) than males (2%), and donors with brain death had a much lower infection rate (0.2%) compared to those with circulatory death (4%).
Article Synopsis
- The study explores the potential link between Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection and breast cancer, responding to ongoing debate and inconsistent previous findings.
- Researchers conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, analyzing 17 studies, with 12 included in the final analysis to assess this association and calculate odds ratios.
- The results indicate a significant statistical association between BLV infection and an increased risk of breast cancer, with a pooled odds ratio suggesting a more than threefold increase in risk when certain studies were excluded for heterogeneity.
The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway is a signal transduction pathway that plays a critical role in cell growth and survival. Its dysregulation is related to various cancers, including adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), an aggressive peripheral T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. There is currently no vaccine or definitive treatment for ATLL.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a RNA virus belonging to Retroviridae family and is associated with the development of various diseases, including adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Aside from HAM/TSP, HTLV-1 has been implicated in the development of several disorders that mimic auto-inflammation. T-cell migration is important topic in the context of HTLV-1 associated diseases progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus that is distinguished for its correlation to myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). As well, HTLV-1 has been documented to have links with other inflammatory diseases, such as uveitis and dermatitis. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the global distribution of HTLV-1 infection is estimated to extend between 5 and 10 million individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) affects over 10 million people worldwide and is associated with two main diseases: Adult T cell Leukemia-Lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-1-associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP).
- - A systematic review analyzed 20 studies involving 1,420 cases and found that IL-17 cytokine levels were higher in HAM/TSP patients but reduced in those with ATLL.
- - The findings suggest that enhancing the RORC/IL-17 signaling pathway may help ATLL patients, while anti-IL-17 therapies could improve outcomes for those suffering from HAM/TSP and other HTLV
Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is associated with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), a fetal malignant infection. Recently, HTLV-1 new asymptomatic carriers (ACs) have frequently been reported among blood donors. Reaching the profound concept of HTLV-1-associated molecular pathogenesis could result in finding novel therapeutic strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Dysregulation of cytokines and intestinal mycobiome has been surveyed in the progression of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). On the other hand, the intestinal fungal flora and its main receptor, Dectin-1, induce immune-derived cytokines.
Methods: Total 64 individuals comprising 32 patients with UC (case group) and 32 healthy subjects (HS group) were assessed.
Background: HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) are both severe diseases caused by Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection, while about 95% of infected cases remain asymptomatic. Genes that play a role in ATLL development are assumed to be dissimilar from the ones that are crucial factors for HAM/TSP occurrence.
Objective: The expression of six genes including BRCA1 , CHUCK , ESR1 , NFKBIA , PIK3R1 , and PPARG were assessed in two groups of HAM/TSP and ATLL patients.
Background: A systematic review and meta-analysis have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy of alkalinization for COVID-19 patients based on current evidence to determine the impact of alkalinization on COVID-19 outcomes.
Methods: We searched MEDLINE (Pubmed), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Clinicaltrials.gov for studies evaluating the efficacy of alkalinization up to 30 April 2023.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates how HTLV-1 infection affects mRNA expressions of proteins linked to T-cell activation in asymptomatic carriers, focusing on early molecular changes related to this virus.
- - It involved 40 participants, with blood samples analyzed for specific HTLV-1 proteins and key T-cell regulatory proteins using advanced techniques like RT-qPCR and statistical software for data analysis.
- - Findings showed that certain proteins (GSK3β, MAP3K14, PLCG1, SLP-76, and TAK1) had significantly higher mRNA expressions in asymptomatic carriers compared to healthy individuals, suggesting important pathways in T-cell activation that could indicate disease progression.
Article Synopsis
- HTLV-1 is associated with serious diseases like adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and tropical spastic paraparesis, and understanding its prevalence in areas like Alborz province, Iran, is crucial.
- The study focused on the genetic analysis of the virus, particularly the highly conserved long terminal repeat (LTR) region and the Tax oncoprotein, to understand its phylogenetic relationships.
- Among about 15,000 blood donors, only 19 tested positive for HTLV-1, showing a 0.13% positivity rate, with the virus identified as subtype A; while mutations were present, they did not significantly impact the virus's functions or virulence.
Article Synopsis
- Viruses constantly challenge human health, requiring the immune system to develop strong defenses, particularly through natural killer (NK) cells that help detect and eliminate infected cells.* -
- NK cells are essential for early antiviral responses but undergo significant changes during infections that can affect their functionality and effectiveness.* -
- This review focuses on the dual role of NK cells in antiviral immunity and their transformation during viral encounters, providing insights that could lead to new therapeutic strategies against viral diseases.*
COVID-19 is primarily classified as a respiratory disorder; however, various neurological symptoms have been reported in COVID-19 patients. Neurological manifestations may be the initial signs of COVID-19 and can develop in patients of different age groups and with or without underlying disease. COVID-19 causes a broad range of complications in the central nervous system.
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- The systematic review investigates how sleep quality affects the risk of COVID-19 infection and its severity, highlighting its importance for prevention and patient care.
- A total of 12 studies were included, revealing that poor sleep quality is linked to a 16% higher likelihood of contracting COVID-19 and a 51% increase in the severity of outcomes.
- The findings suggest that individuals with poor sleep quality face greater risks of mortality and severe disease compared to those who sleep well, emphasizing the need to prioritize sleep health.
Background: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a poor prognosis malignancy of peripheral T-cells caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). The low survival rates observed in the patients are the result of the lack of sufficient knowledge about the disease pathogenesis.
Methods: In the present study, we first identified differentially expressed genes in ATLL patients and the cellular signaling pathways affected by them.
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the first identified human retrovirus responsible for two significant diseases: HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Although the majority of infected individuals remain asymptomatic carriers, a small percentage may develop ATLL or HAM/TSP. In tumorigenesis, a crucial process is angiogenesis, which involves the formation of new blood vessels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), an infrequent malignancy resultant from human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1), exhibits a spectrum of phenotypes, encompassing acute, smoldering, lymphomatous, and chronic variants, each bearing distinct clinical presentations. The preponderant acute manifestation is characterized by hypercalcemia, systemic manifestations, organomegaly, and dermatological eruptions. Conversely, the chronic phenotype is typified by lymphocytosis and/or cutaneous eruptions, while smoldering ATLL assumes an asymptomatic course.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The reactivation of herpesviruses (HHV) in COVID-19 patients is evident in the literature. Several reports have been published regarding the reactivation of these viruses (HSV, VZV, EBV, and CMV) among those who got COVID-19 vaccines. In this study, we aimed to review the current evidence to assess whether HHVs reactivation has any association with the prior administration of COVID-19 vaccines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGiven the relatively high frequency of central nervous system infections and considerable mor- tality and morbidity reported to be caused by herpes simplex viruses among the other viral agents, having a clear knowledge about their epidemiological profile seems necessary. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the relative frequency and preva- lence of herpes simplex encephalitis and meningitis in patients tested for viral etiologies. A comprehensive systematic review was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, searching for studies on the prevalence and relative frequency of herpes sim- plex virus 1 and herpes simplex virus 2 encephalitis and meningitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Human lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the cause of two major diseases, ATLL and HAM/TSP in a percentage of carriers. Despite progress in understanding the pathogenesis of these two diseases, the exact pathogenesis mechanism is still not well understood. High-throughput technologies have revolutionized medical research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: HTLV-1 is responsible for two important diseases, HAM/TSP and ATLL. Approximately 10 to 20 million people are infected with HTLV-1 worldwide. Identifying altered genes in different cancers is crucial for finding potential treatment strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: ATLL (Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma) is an aggressive hematological malignancy. This T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, caused by the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), is challenging to treat. There is no known treatment for ATLL as of yet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Canine Parvo Virus 2 (CPV-2) has been a serious problem for dogs since 1978, causing sickness like severe diarrhea and vomiting.
- This study is the first in Iran to look at the virus's DNA and understand how it changes over time, focusing on a variant called CPV-2a.
- Researchers found that CPV-2 likely started in central Iran and discovered that more dogs were infected from 2012 to 2019, raising concerns about the effectiveness of vaccines.
Background: Numerous vaccination research experiments have been conducted on non-primate hosts to prevent or control HTLV-1 infection. Therefore, reviewing recent advancements for status assessment and strategic planning of future preventative actions to reduce HTLV-1 infection and its consequences would be essential.
Methods: MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Clinicaltrials.