Treatment outcomes for maculopathy secondary to retinal vein occlusion in Afghanistan.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in the treatment of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in Afghanistan.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of all RVO cases that underwent intravitreal ant-VEGF injection at the two leading hospitals in Kabul. The main outcome measures were visual acuity and central retinal thickness as determined by optical coherence tomography.

Trivial injury with devastating complication-A case of pediatric pancreatic pseudocyst.

Key Clinical Message: Pancreatic pseudocysts are rare in the pediatric population, commonly a result of trauma. Timely diagnosis and adequate management with a multidisciplinary approach are the key to avoid morbidity and mortality. Larger cysts often require surgical intervention.

Preeclampsia and COVID-19 in Afghanistan: additional burden on Afghan pregnant women's health.

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A rare case report of vaginoplasty using amnion graft in an Afghan woman with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome: A first report in Afghanistan.

Introduction: Mayer-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is the second reason for primary amenorrhea. MRKHS is an uncommon congenital disorder characterized by agenesis of mullerrian structures, uterus, and upper two-thirds of the vagina, with normal fully developed secondary sexual characteristics.

Case Presentation: This report describes the case of a 30-year-old married woman with primary amenorrhea.

Health-related quality of life in persons with haemophilia in Afghanistan.

Introduction: Haemophilia is the most common severe congenital bleeding disorder and can significantly influence patients' quality of life. The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a multi-dimensional concept that assess effect of different aspects of health status, including physical, mental, and social domains. Identification of the factors affecting the HRQoL of Persons with Haemophilia (PWH) can guide health care system to better management of patients.

Estimating the Cancer Treatment Cost for 5 Common Types of Cancer with Separating Out-of-Pocket and Governmental Costs in Afghanistan, 2020.

The objective this study was to estimate the cost of cancer treatment services for 5 common types of cancer (Breast, Esophageal, Colorectal, Stomach and lung) by the public sector and patients. This study was a cross-sectional study that conducted using the medical records of patients who were registered in the Jamhuriyat Hospital from 1, 2020 to 12, 2020. The prevalence-based approach was used to estimate the costs of five major cancer types.

Delay in Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer in Afghanistan: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Survey.

The present study aimed to investigate the potential delays in healthcare seeking and diagnosis of women with cervical cancer (CC) in Afghanistan. Clinical records of three hospitals in Kabul were searched for CC cases, and the women identified were interviewed by a trained physician using a semi-structured questionnaire. The main outcomes were the prevalence of potential delays over 90 days (1) from symptoms onset to healthcare seeking (patient delay), and (2) from first healthcare visit to CC diagnosis (healthcare delay).

Malaria in Afghanistan: Challenges, efforts and recommendations.

Malaria, a vector borne disease that can quickly become life-threatening, has become endemic to many countries, in particular Afghanistan. Ranking third for world's highest burden of malaria, Afghanistan has found itself in a downward spiral, burdened by outbreaks of not only malaria, but dengue, watery diarrhea and measles as well. The civil conflict and lack of healthcare services present compounded with the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a five-to tenfold increase of malarial incidence in the past years.

Successfully separated conjoined twins at French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children Kabul Afghanistan.

Conjoined twins are a rare malformation and few cases have been reported in the literature. There are different types of conjoined twins and the most common type is the thoracopagus. Prognosis is related to the type of conjoined twins and the organs they share.

Concomitant trans-sternal repair of Morgagni hernia and ventricular septal defect in a patient with Down syndrome: A case report.

Introduction: Morgagni hernia is a rare type of hernia occurring secondary to potential anterior-medial defects in the diaphragm. The association of the defect with congenital cardiac pathologies and Down syndrome are well known. The defect is repaired usually by trans-abdominal or transthoracic approaches.

The daunting task of fighting HIV in Afghanistan: Current evidence and future recommendations.

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), like any other disease, has created great worry in Afghanistan. The country's slew of issues has paved the way for HIV to spread and go unchecked. International groups have banded together to stop the virus's spread since the first case was confirmed in Afghanistan.

Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Health-Care Workers Towards Hepatitis B Virus Prevention in Kabul, Afghanistan.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious public health issue around the world. Health care workers (HCWs) are at high risk of HBV infection because they have direct contact with HBV infected blood and body fluids in their work.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of HCWs towards hepatitis B infection in Kabul, Afghanistan.

Food security and COVID-19 in Afghanistan: a two-sided battlefront.

Food security is a major element for the sustainability, stability and development of a country. However, despite fundamental efforts in fighting poverty, Afghanistan continues to struggle with food insecurity with a large proportion of its population living below the poverty line. With extreme climates, protracted conflict, and now COVID-19, food insecurity has become rampant and is on the rise in the country.

COVID-19 Vaccination Efforts: Is Afghanistan Prepared?

A country's preparedness for a prompt and successful implementation of vaccination programs plays a pivotal role in disease control and prevention. As it stands now, Afghanistan seems to be ill-prepared to embrace a successful implementation of the COVID-19 vaccination program because of a spate of challenges. These include, but are not limited to, the insufficient number of vaccinators, a dearth of fully integrated functioning cold chain, challenging geographical barriers, cultural issues, insecurity, and protracted conflict.

Prevalence and determinants of self-medication with antibiotics among general population in Afghanistan.

Objective: Self-medication with antibiotics (SMA) is a common cause of antibiotic resistance, a major public health problem. This research aimed to identify the prevalence of SMA and explore reasons for practicing SMA among people living in Kabul, Afghanistan.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to November 2017 in 12 community pharmacies operating across Kabul, Afghanistan.

A Narrative Review of Personal Protective Equipment Uses in Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Its Disposable Practices.

Since severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is transmitted through close contact and droplets, people, especially those at risk of infection, must follow preventive measures in the community and healthcare settings. Healthcare personnel (HCP) must appropriately select and use personal protective equipment (PPE) with sensible donning and doffing and disposal practices. A narrative review of the existing literature was conducted, in which articles from Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science were collected.