Genome-Guided Identification of Surfactin-Producing AQ11M9 with Anti- Potential.

The emergence of multidrug-resistant fungi is a worldwide health crisis connected with high rates of mortality. There is a critical need to find novel and unique antifungal compounds for treating infections of multidrug-resistant fungi such as . This study aimed to illustrate that biosynthetic gene clusters in native bacterial isolates are able to produce antifungal compounds against the multidrug-resistant fungus It was successfully achieved using large-scale antifungal activity screening, cytotoxicity analysis, and whole genome sequencing integrated with genome mining-guided analysis and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS).

The Potential of Dutasteride for Treating Multidrug-Resistant Infection.

Novel antifungal drugs are urgently needed to treat candidiasis caused by the emerging fungal multidrug-resistant pathogen . In this study, the most cost-effective drug repurposing technology was adopted to identify an appropriate option among the 1615 clinically approved drugs with anti- activity. High-throughput virtual screening of 1,3-beta-glucanosyltransferase inhibitors was conducted, followed by an analysis of the stability of 1,3-beta-glucanosyltransferase drug complexes and 1,3-beta-glucanosyltransferase-dutasteride metabolite interactions and the confirmation of their activity in biofilm formation and planktonic growth.

Phenomics and genomic features of Enterococcus avium IRMC1622a isolated from a clinical sample of hospitalized patient.

Background: Enterococcus avium (E. avium) is a Gram-positive nosocomial pathogen that is commonly isolated from the alimentary tract. The objective of this functional genomics study was to identify the resistant genes by analyzing the genome of E.

Genomic Landscape of Multidrug Resistance and Virulence in IRMC827A from a Long-Term Patient.

We report on a highly virulent, multidrug-resistant strain of IRMC827A that was found colonizing a long-term male patient at a tertiary hospital in Khobar, Saudi Arabia. The IRMC827A strain carries several antimicrobial drug resistance genes and harbours mobile genetic elements such as Tn6009, which is an integrative conjugative element that can transfer resistance genes between bacteria and ISS1N via an insertion sequence. Whole-genome-sequencing-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing on strains from faecal samples revealed that the isolate IRMC827A is highly resistant to a variety of antibiotics, including tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, dalfopristin, virginiamycin, pristinamycin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, clindamycin, lincomycin, trimethoprim, nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin.

Mining the nanotube-forming MR14M3 genome for determining anti- and anti- potential by pathogenicity and comparative genomics analysis.

There is a global health concern associated with the emergence of the multidrug-resistant (MDR) fungus , which has significant mortality rates. Finding innovative and distinctive anti- compounds is essential for treating infections caused by MDR . A bacterial strain with anti- activity was isolated and identified using gene sequencing.

Genomic Insights into Virulence Factors and Multi-Drug Resistance in IRMC2505A.

is a spore-forming, Gram-positive anaerobic pathogen that causes several disorders in humans and animals. A multidrug-resistant strain was isolated from the fecal sample of a patient who was clinically suspected of gastrointestinal infection and had a recent history of antibiotic exposure and diarrhea. The strain was identified by 16s rRNA sequencing as .

Exome-wide analysis identify multiple variations in olfactory receptor genes ( and ) associated with autism spectrum disorder in Saudi females.

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a multifactorial, neurodevelopmental disorder, characterized by deficits in communication, restricted and repetitive behaviors. ASD is highly heritable in Saudi Arabia; indecencies of affected individuals are increasing.

Objectives: To identify the most significant genes and SNPs associated with the increased risk of ASD in Saudi females to give an insight for early diagnosis.

The Effectiveness of and Ginger as Appetite Suppressants: An Experimental Study on Healthy Wistar Rats.

Background: Obesity is a global pandemic that is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Natural herbs are commonly used for weight reduction and appetite suppression. Therefore, we aim to investigate the role and mechanism of (NS) and ginger on weight reduction and appetite regulation.

Whole-Exome Sequencing Reveals Migraine-Associated Novel Functional Variants in Arab Ancestry Females: A Pilot Study.

Migraine, as the seventh most disabling neurological disease with 26.9% prevalence in Saudi females, lacks studies on identifying associated genes and pathways with migraines in the Arab population. This case control study aims to identify the migraine-associated novel genes and risk variants.

Study of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Breast Cancer Patients among Arab Ancestries.

The aim of this study is to investigate the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with breast cancer in our population of Arab patients. We investigated 26 breast cancer patients and an equal number of healthy age- and sex-matched control volunteers. We examined the exome wide microarray-based biomarkers and screened 243,345 SNPs for their possible significant association with our breast cancer patients.

A Pilot Mitochondrial Genome-Wide Association on Migraine Among Saudi Arabians.

Background: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations have been reported in multiple neurological diseases and helped to explain the pathophysiology of these diseases. Similarly, variations in mtDNA might exist in migraine and can explain the effect of low ATP production in the neurons on the initiation of migraine attack. Therefore, in the current study we aim to explore the association of mtDNA mutations on migraine in the Saudi population.

Safety of Tocilizumab in COVID-19 Patients and Benefit of Single-Dose: The Largest Retrospective Observational Study.

Severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) still presents a public threat and puts extra strain on healthcare facilities. Without an effective antiviral drug, all available treatment options are considered supportive. Tocilizumab as a treatment option has to date shown variable results.

Integration of Transcriptome and Exome Genotyping Identifies Significant Variants with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Autism is a complex disease with genetic predisposition factors. Real factors for treatment and early diagnosis are yet to be defined. This study integrated transcriptome and exome genotyping for identifying functional variants associated with autism spectrum disorder and their impact on gene expression to find significant variations.

Celomic Fluid: Laboratory Workflow for Prenatal Diagnosis of Monogenic Diseases.

Background: Celomic fluid can be considered as an ultra-filtrate of maternal serum, containing a high protein concentration, urea, and many other molecules. It is an important transfer interface and a reservoir of nutrients for the embryo. Celomic fluid contains fetal cells that can be used for prenatal diagnosis of monogenic diseases in an earlier gestational period than villocentesis and amniocentesis.

Novel Feather Degrading Keratinases from Group: Biochemical, Genetic and Bioinformatics Analysis.

In this study, five keratinolytic bacteria were isolated from poultry farm waste of Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. The highest keratinase activity was obtained at 40-45 °C, pH 8-9, feather concentration 0.5-1%, and using white chicken feather as keratin substrate for 72 h.

The association between two genetic polymorphisms in and increase risk of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the major complications in most cancer patients leading to poor prognosis and short survival. Several common clinical risk factors coexist in cancer patients are used as risk predictive biomarkers to help in the management and prevention of VTE. These include cancer site and stage, chemotherapy regimen and elevated biological markers.

Fetal Nucleated Red Blood Cells Preferable Than Cell-Free Fetal DNA for Early Determination of Gender Among Invasive and Non-Invasive Source Using Novel Four Genes Multiplex PCR.

Background: Deoxyribonucleic acid from invasive, non-invasive and 9th week embryo can be a resource for the determination of fetal sex using highly sensitive and specific multiplex PCR.

Methods: A total of 402 DNA samples were used to test the newly developed novel multiplex PCR including male specific (3 genes: and ) Y-biomarkers and internal control, . The study isolated cffDNA (Cell-free fetal DNA; n = 73) from mother's plasma, serum and urine, fetal DNA from 9th week embryo and cord blood, and fetal DNA from CD71 nucleated red blood cells (fNRBC; n = 73).

Predominance of non- bacteria in dental biofilm and its relation to caries progression.

This study aims to assess differences in biofilm bacterial composition between patients with low and high caries. Patients without a medical problem and with no history of antibiotic use, mouth wash or fluoride application in the previous 3 months were recruited. Caries was recorded at cavitation level; score was calculated by a national mean (dmft of 4.

Emerging Status of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria and Fungi in the Arabian Peninsula.

We aimed to identify the prevalence and emerging status of multidrug-resistant bacteria and fungi and their associated mortality in nine countries in the Arabian Peninsula. Original research articles and case studies regarding multidrug-resistant bacteria and fungi in the Arabian Peninsula, published during the last 10 years, were retrieved from PubMed and Scopus. A total of 382 studies were included as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as the PRISMA guidelines, from a thorough screening of 1705 articles, in order to analyse the emerging status and mortality.

Exome array identifies functional exonic biomarkers for pediatric dental caries.

Background: Pediatric dental caries is common among Arab children, however we are still searching for possible genes and molecular mechanisms that influence caries development.

Aim: To identity genetic predispositions of dental caries among Saudi children with high DMFT (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth).

Design: This case-control study analysed putative functional exonic-variants (n = 243,345) to study the molecular genetics of pediatric caries with high dmft index, 8.

Whole-Genome Sequencing Reveals Exonic Variation of Gene Results in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.

Family trio next-generation sequencing-based variant analysis was done to identify the genomic reason on unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). A family (dead fetus and parents) from Saudi Arabia with an earlier history of three unexplained RPLs at the ninth week of pregnancy was included in the study. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of a dead fetus and the parents was done to identify the pathogenic variation and confirmed through Sanger sequencing.

Diagnostic deficiencies of infection among patients in a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia: A laboratory-based case series.

infection (CDI) has become a threatening public health problem in the developed world. In the kingdom of Saudi Arabia, prevalence of CDI is still unknown due to limited surveillance protocols and diagnostic resources. We used a two-step procedure to study and confirm cases.