Diagnostic Dilemma: A Patient With Pulmonary Fibrosis Who Presented for Severe Tracheal Stenosis After COVID-19 Pneumonia.

A 44-year-old man with pulmonary fibrosis presented to our pulmonary hypertension clinic with biphasic stridor and dyspnea. He was sent to the emergency department, where he was found to have 90% subglottic tracheal stenosis and was successfully treated with balloon dilation. Seven months prior to the presentation, he required intubation for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia complicated by hemorrhagic stroke.

Outcome and Post-Surgical Lung Biopsy Change in Management of ARDS: A Proportional Prevalence Meta-Analysis.

Background: Limited epidemiological data are available on changes in management, benefits, complications, and outcomes after open lung biopsy in patients with ARDS.

Methods: We performed a literature search of PubMed, Ovid, and Cochrane databases for articles from the inception of each database till November 2020 that provided outcomes of lung biopsy in ARDS patients. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients that had a change in management with alteration of treatment plan, after lung biopsy.

Acute myocardial infarction and acute heart failure among renal transplant recipients: a national readmissions database study.

Background: The literature on the mortality and 30-day readmissions for acute heart failure and for acute myocardial infarction among renal-transplant recipients is limited.

Objective: To study the in-hospital mortality, cardiovascular complications, and 30-day readmissions among renal transplant recipients (RTRs).

Methods: Data from the national readmissions database sample, which constitutes 49.

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Outcomes: A United States Nationwide Emergency Departments Cohort Study.

Background: Literature regarding trends in incidence and mortality of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in emergency departments (EDs) is limited.

Objective: To study the trends of incidence and mortality of STEMI.

Methods: Using the National Emergency Department Sample database in the United States, we identified all ED encounters for patients presenting with STEMI using International Classification of Diseases codes.

Predictors of Complications Secondary to Infective Endocarditis and Their Associated Outcomes: A Large Cohort Study from the National Emergency Database (2016-2018).

Introduction: Literature regarding outcomes and predictors of complications secondary to infective endocarditis (IE) is limited. We aimed to study the outcomes and predictors of complications of IE.

Methods: Data from a national emergency department sample, which constitutes 20% sample of hospital-owned emergency departments in the USA, were analyzed for hospital visits for IE.

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Among Septic Shock and Coronary Interventions: A National Emergency Database Study.

Objective: To study coronary interventions and mortality among patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) who were admitted with septic shock.

Methods: Data from the national emergency department sample (NEDS) that constitutes 20% sample of hospital-owned emergency departments in the United States was analyzed for the septic shock related visits from 2016 to 2018. Septic shock was defined by the ICD codes.

Predictors and outcomes of cardiac arrest in the emergency department and in-patient settings in the United States (2016-2018).

Background: Outcomes of cardiac arrest (CA) remain dismal despite therapeutic advances. Literature is limited regarding outcomes of CA in emergency departments (ED).

Objective: To study the possible causes, predictors, and outcomes of CA in ED and in-patient settings throughout the United States (US).

High-flow nasal cannula therapy in a predominantly African American population with COVID-19 associated acute respiratory failure.

Importance: Use of non-invasive respiratory modalities in COVID-19 has the potential to reduce rates of intubation and mortality in severe disease however data regarding the use of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in this population is limited.

Objective: To interrogate clinical and laboratory features of SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with high-flow failure.

Design: We conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate characteristics of high-flow therapy use early in the pandemic and interrogate factors associated with respiratory therapy failure.

Trends in Incidence, and Mortality of Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the United States Emergency Department (2010-2018).

Literature regarding trends of incidence, mortality, and complications of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the emergency departments (ED) is limited. What are trends of COPD exacerbation in ED? Data were obtained from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) that constitutes a 20% sample of hospital-owned EDs and inpatient sample in the US. All ED encounters were included in the analysis.

Thrombotic superior vena cava syndrome: a national emergency department database study.

Literature regarding etiology and trends of incidence of major thoracic vein thrombosis in the United States is limited. To study the causes, complications, in-hospital mortality rate, and trend in the incidence of major thoracic vein thrombosis which could have led to superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) between 2010 and 2018. Data from the nationwide emergency department sample (NEDS) that constitutes 20% sample of hospital-owned emergency departments (ED) and in-patient sample in the United States were analyzed using diagnostic codes.

Trends and complications associated with acute new-onset heart failure: a National Readmissions Database-based cohort study.

Literature regarding recent trends and outcomes of acute new-onset heart failure (AHF) with preserved ejection fraction (AHFpEF) and reduced ejection fraction (AHFrEF) is limited. The objective of this study is to study the outcomes of AHFpEF and AHFrEF in the USA. Data from the National Readmissions Database (NRD) sample that constitutes 49.

Dexmedetomidine Induced Polyuria in the Intensive Care Unit.

Dexmedetomidine is an 2-adrenergic used as an adjunct therapy for sedation in the intensive care unit. While it is known to cause polyuria exclusively in perioperative conditions, not many cases are known in the intensive care unit, thus making the diagnosis challenging. We present the case of a 61-year-old male who had developed polyuria secondary to central diabetes insipidus after receiving dexmedetomidine intravenous infusion in the medical ICU.

Sinus Bradycardia and QT Interval Prolongation in West Nile Virus Encephalitis: A Case Report.

Cardiac arrhythmias were reported in cases of West Nile Virus (WNV) encephalitis; however, the underlying pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. We present a 67-year-old male with altered mental status, later diagnosed with WNV encephalitis. Hospital course was complicated by progressive sinus bradycardia and corrected QT (QTc) prolongation.

Genetic determinants of risk in pulmonary arterial hypertension: international genome-wide association studies and meta-analysis.

Background: Rare genetic variants cause pulmonary arterial hypertension, but the contribution of common genetic variation to disease risk and natural history is poorly characterised. We tested for genome-wide association for pulmonary arterial hypertension in large international cohorts and assessed the contribution of associated regions to outcomes.

Methods: We did two separate genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and a meta-analysis of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Prevalence, Predictors, and Outcomes of Pulmonary Hypertension in CKD.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with poor outcomes in the dialysis and general populations, but its effect in CKD is unclear. We evaluated the prevalence and predictors of PH measures and their associations with long-term clinical outcomes in patients with nondialysis-dependent CKD. Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study participants who had Doppler echocardiography performed were considered for inclusion.

Pulmonary Hypertension an Independent Risk Factor for Death in Intensive Care Unit: Correlation of Hemodynamic Factors with Mortality.

Objective: Critically ill patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) pose additional challenges due to the existence of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of hemodynamic factors on the outcome.

Methods: We reviewed the records of patients with a diagnosis of PH admitted to the intensive care unit.

Hypotension after medical termination of pregnancy: think outside of the uterus.

Background: Under usual circumstances, an ectopic pregnancy would not be generally considered in the initial differential diagnosis of shock after voluntary termination of pregnancy.

Objective: To present a rare case of a young woman with shock after voluntary termination of pregnancy due to undiagnosed ectopic pregnancy with concealed hemorrhage.

Case Report: A 37-year-old woman presented to the Emergency Department (ED) 3 days after termination of pregnancy with clinical features of shock.

Outcome of patients with injection drug use-associated endocarditis admitted to an intensive care unit.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to study the outcome of patients with injection drug use-associated infective endocarditis (IDU-IE) admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU).

Material And Methods: A retrospective review of medical records of 33 consecutive patients with IDU-IE admitted to ICU was conducted.

Results: Main indications for admission to ICU were as follows: severe sepsis or septic shock (36%), respiratory failure (33%), and neurologic deterioration (18%).

Achieving durable glucose control in the intensive care unit without hypoglycaemia: a new practical IV insulin protocol.

Background: Hyperglycaemia occurs in a substantial portion of critically ill patients in our intensive care units. Near normalization of elevated blood glucose levels with IV insulin may improve outcome. However, currently published IV insulin protocol are not ideal; most are relatively complex and often result in hypoglycaemia.

Clinical significance of elevated diffusing capacity.

Study Objective: Single-breath diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) is used as a pulmonary function test (PFT) to assess gas transfer in the lungs. The implications of a low DLCO are well-recognized, but the clinical significance of a high DLCO is not clear. The aim of this study was to identify the clinical correlates of a high DLCO.