Formulation of Carnosic-Acid-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles: An Attempt to Endorse the Bioavailability and Anticancer Efficacy of Carnosic Acid against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered to be one of the most difficult subtypes of breast cancer (BC) to treat. The sheer absence of certain receptors makes it very tough to target, leaving high-dose chemotherapy as probably the sole therapeutic option at the cost of nonspecific toxic effects. Carnosic acid (CA) has been established as a potential chemotherapeutic agent against a range of cancer cells.

Correction: Mangiferin ameliorates collateral neuropathy in BHP induced apoptotic nephropathy by inflammation mediated kidney to brain crosstalk.

Correction for 'Mangiferin ameliorates collateral neuropathy in BHP induced apoptotic nephropathy by inflammation mediated kidney to brain crosstalk' by Sukanya Saha , , 2019, , 5981-5999, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9FO00329K.

Biological evaluation of the novel 3,3'-((4-nitrophenyl)methylene)bis(4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one) derivative as potential anticancer agents via the selective induction of reactive oxygen species-mediated apoptosis.

Selective initiation of programmed cell death in cancer cells than normal cells is reflected as an attractive chemotherapeutic strategy. In the current study, a series of synthetic bis-coumarin derivatives were synthesized possessing reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulating functional groups and examined in four cancerous and two normal cell lines for their cytotoxic ability using MTT assay. Among these compounds, 3 l emerged as the most promising derivative in persuading apoptosis in human renal carcinoma cells (SKRC-45) among diverse cancer cell lines.

Enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis promotes neuroprotection in human pluripotent stem cell derived retinal ganglion cells.

Mitochondrial dysfunctions are widely afflicted in central nervous system (CNS) disorders with minimal understanding on how to improve mitochondrial homeostasis to promote neuroprotection. Here we have used human stem cell differentiated retinal ganglion cells (hRGCs) of the CNS, which are highly sensitive towards mitochondrial dysfunctions due to their unique structure and function, to identify mechanisms for improving mitochondrial quality control (MQC). We show that hRGCs are efficient in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis through rapid degradation and biogenesis of mitochondria under acute damage.

Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo antitumor activity of asiatic acid-loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles: A strategy of treating breast cancer.

Asiatic acid (AA), an aglycone of pentacyclic triterpene glycoside, obtained from the leaves of Centella asiatica exerts anticancer effects by inhibiting cellular proliferation and inducing apoptosis in a wide range of carcinogenic distresses. However, its chemotherapeutic efficacy is dampened by its low bioavailability. Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit therapeutic efficacy and compliance by improving tissue penetration and lowering toxicity.

Melatonin counteracts necroptosis and pulmonary edema in cadmium-induced chronic lung injury through the inhibition of angiotensin II.

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is an important regulator in pulmonary physiology. In our study, we identified the efficacy of melatonin to control the RAS in cadmium (Cd) induced chronic lung injury in a mouse model. Swiss albino mice exposed to CdCl intraperitoneally (I.

Enhancement of anti-neoplastic effects of cuminaldehyde against breast cancer via mesoporous silica nanoparticle based targeted drug delivery system.

Aims: Synthesis of novel drug delivery system for targeted delivery of cuminaldehyde to breast cancer cells and the subsequent analyses of anti-neoplastic potential of the drug.

Main Methods: 3-carboxy-phenyl boronic acid (PBA) conjugated and polyacrylic acid (PAA) gated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were synthesized for the targeted delivery of cuminaldehyde (CUM) to breast cancer cells. Enhancement of anti-neoplastic effects of cuminaldehyde (4-isopropylbenzaldehyde) by the nanoconjugates was assessed.

Fluorescent Terpolymers Using Two Non-Emissive Monomers for Cr(III) Sensors, Removal, and Bio-Imaging.

The nonconventional purely aliphatic intrinsically fluorescent multifunctional terpolymers, such as 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid--2-(3-acrylamidopropylamido)-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid--acrylamide (AMPS--APMPS--AM, ), acrylic acid--3-acrylamidopropanoic acid--acrylamide (AA--APA--AM, ), and methacrylic acid--3-acrylamido-2-methyl propanoic acid--acrylamide (MAA--AMPA--AM, ), were synthesized via N- functionalized multi-C-C/N-C coupled in situ attachments of fluorophore monomers, that is, APMPS, APA, and AMPA, in solution polymerization of two non-fluorescent monomers. These terpolymers were suitable for selective Cr(III) sensors, high-performance exclusions of Cr(III), and fluorescence imaging of human osteosarcoma cancer cells. The structures of , , and , in situ attachments of fluorescent amino acid monomers, locations of fluorophores, aggregation-induced enhanced emissions, and the superadsorption mechanism were understood via microstructural analyses.

Targeted delivery of curcumin in breast cancer cells via hyaluronic acid modified mesoporous silica nanoparticle to enhance anticancer efficiency.

Curcumin (C) is a natural antioxidant which has many beneficial effects. However, poor bioavailability and less water solubility render it unsuitable as an anti-cancer drug. Herein, curcumin was delivered through Mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) based drug delivery system to enhance its anticancer efficacy.

Melatonin induced suppression of ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation in COPD mice.

In recent decades, the occurrence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been increased remarkably in the population. Cigarette smoke (Cs) plays one of the key roles for COPD development. In our study, we explored the ameliorative role of melatonin on COPD progression by using a Cs inhaled in vivo COPD and cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-treated in vitro L-132 (alveolar epithelial cell) models.

Fluorescent Guar Gum--Terpolymer via In Situ Acrylamido-Acid Fluorophore-Monomer in Cell Imaging, Pb(II) Sensor, and Security Ink.

The nonconventional purely aliphatic scalable and reusable fluorescent guar gum (GRGM)--acrylic acid--3-(-isopropylacrylamido)propanoic acid (NIPAPA)---isopropylacrylamide (GRGM--, i.e., ), was synthesized via of the optimum amount of GRGM and N- functionalized in situ protrusion of acrylamido-acid fluorophore-monomer, i.

Matrix metalloproteinase: An upcoming therapeutic approach for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a debilitating condition where excess collagen deposition occurs in the extracellular matrix. At first sight, it is expected that the level of different kinds of matrix metalloproteinases might be downregulated in IPF as it is a matrix degrading collagenase. However, the role of some matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is profibrotic where others have anti-fibrotic functions.

Mangiferin ameliorates collateral neuropathy in tBHP induced apoptotic nephropathy by inflammation mediated kidney to brain crosstalk.

The kidneys and brain share similarities in anatomy and vaso-regulation and exhibit clinical interactions in various diseases. To investigate the probable mechanism of kidney to brain crosstalk, we developed an in vivo model of renal injury in mice through intoxication with the oxidative stress inducer, tBHP. Proteinuria, abnormalities in the renal tubules and KIM1 activation were found in tBHP intoxicated animals.

Natural products: An upcoming therapeutic approach to cancer.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death across the world. Different environmental and anthropogenic factors initiate mutations in different functional genes of growth factors and their receptors, anti-apoptotic proteins, self-renewal developmental proteins, tumor suppressors, transcription factors, etc. This phenomenon leads to altered protein homeostasis of the cell which in turn induces cancer initiation, development, progression and survival.

Mangiferin alleviates arsenic induced oxidative lung injury via upregulation of the Nrf2-HO1 axis.

Arsenic contaminated drinking water consumption is a serious health issue around the world. Chronic inorganic arsenic exposure has been associated with respiratory dysfunctions. It exerts various detrimental effects, disrupting normal cellular homeostasis and turning on severe pulmonary complications.

Mangiferin Ameliorates Cisplatin Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Upregulating Nrf-2 via the Activation of PI3K and Exhibits Synergistic Anticancer Activity With Cisplatin.

Occurrence of oxidative stress is the principal cause of acute kidney injury induced by cisplatin. Mangiferin, a naturally occurring antioxidant molecule, is found to ameliorate several oxidative stress mediated pathophysiological conditions including cancer. Cisplatin induced cytotoxicity was measured in NKE cells by MTT assay and microscopic analysis.

Melatonin attenuates arsenic induced nephropathy via the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling cascades in mice.

Arsenic is a potent inducer of several acute and chronic nephrotoxic disorders. It promotes deleterious phenomenon like oxidative stress, inflammation, cell death and altered glucose uptake leading to distorted kidney homeostasis that end up in chronic kidney disease. This study investigated the possible protective role of melatonin; a natural antioxidant produced by the pineal gland, against arsenic induced nephrotoxicity.

Ameliorative role of genistein against age-dependent chronic arsenic toxicity in murine brains via the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling cascades.

Brain is highly prone to oxidative damage due to its huge lipid content and extensive energy requirements. Exogenous insult in brain via oxidative injury can lead to severe pathophysiological conditions. Age-dependent deterioration of normal brain functions is also noteworthy.

Nutraceuticals: An emerging therapeutic approach against the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is regarded as a progressive and devastating neurodegenerative disorder. In aged individuals, it is the most prevalent cause of dementia and is characterized by gradual loss of cognitive functions. In the last decade, numerous research works were undertaken to investigate the pathogenesis of AD.

New insights into the ameliorative effects of ferulic acid in pathophysiological conditions.

Ferulic acid, a natural phytochemical has gained importance as a potential therapeutic agent by virtue of its easy commercial availability, low cost and minimal side-effects. It is a derivative of curcumin and possesses the necessary pharmacokinetic properties to be retained in the general circulation for several hours. The therapeutic effects of ferulic acid are mediated through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.