The Impact of Gamified Smartphone App Interventions on Behaviour and Metabolic Outcomes in Individuals at Risk of Cardiovascular Disease.

This study examines gamified smartphone app interventions for improving lifestyle choices and cardiometabolic health in adults at risk for cardiovascular disease. A systematic review of six databases compared gamified interventions with conventional methods. Despite a functionality rating of 4.

Analysis of salivary alpha-L-fucosidase and salic acid among oral sub-mucous fibrosis patients.

The salivary concentrations of alpha L fucosidase (AFU) and salic acid (SA) in oral submucous fibrosis patients and compare it with healthy controls is of interest to dentists. 40 patients of OSMF and 40 healthy controls were included. Estimation of AFU and SA in saliva and serum was carried out in every patient.

Gamified Smartphone-App Interventions on Behaviour and Metabolic Profile in Patients at Risk of Cardiovascular Disease.

This study assesses how effective gamification in smartphone apps is at enhancing lifestyle and cardiometabolic health in adults at risk of cardiovascular disease. Using a systematic review of six databases, it looked at trials that compared gamified and traditional interventions. Although apps scored highly for functionality, averaging a 4.

Testing the Effects of App-Based Motivational Messages on Physical Activity and Resting Heart Rate Through Smartphone App Compliance in Patients With Vulnerable Coronary Artery Plaques: Protocol for a Microrandomized Trial.

Background: Achieving the weekly physical activity recommendations of at least 150-300 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75-150 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise is important for reducing cardiometabolic risk, but evidence shows that most people struggle to meet these goals, particularly in the mid to long term.

Objective: The Messages Improving Resting Heart Health (MIRTH) study aims to determine if (1) sending daily motivational messages through a research app is effective in improving motivation and in promoting adherence to physical activity recommendations in men and women with coronary heart disease randomized to a 12-month intensive lifestyle intervention, and (2) the time of the day when the message is delivered impacts compliance with exercise training.

Methods: We will conduct a single-center, microrandomized trial.

Vegetarian Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Risk in People With or at High Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Plant-based diets are known to improve cardiometabolic risk in the general population, but their effects on people at high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain inconclusive.

Objective: To assess the association of vegetarian diets with major cardiometabolic risk factors, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and body weight in people with or at high risk of CVDs.

Data Sources: This meta-analysis was registered before the study was conducted.

Medical Students' Perception Regarding the Re-emerging Monkeypox Virus: An Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study From Saudi Arabia.

Introduction:  The recent multi-nation outbreaks of human monkeypox in non-endemic areas have created an emerging public health issue. Medical students who will become future healthcare providers are directly associated with community people and can easily sensitize the general population, so it is crucial to assess their degree of knowledge and attitudes regarding recently emerging infections or pathogens. However, studies on medical students' perception of the monkeypox virus are scarce in Saudi Arabia.

Design and synthesis of functionalized piperazin-1yl-(E)-stilbenes as inhibitors of 17α-hydroxylase-C17,20-lyase (Cyp17).

The synthesis of steroid hormones is critical to human physiology and improper regulation of either the synthesis of these key molecules or activation of the associated receptors can lead to disease states. This has led to intense interest in developing compounds capable of modulating the synthesis of steroid hormones. Compounds capable of inhibiting Cyp19 (Aromatase), a key enzyme in the synthesis of estrogens, have been successfully employed as breast cancer therapies, while inhibitors of Cyp17 (17α-hydroxylase-17,20-lyase), a key enzyme in the synthesis of glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and steroidal sex hormones, are a key component of prostate cancer therapy.

A novel in-cell ELISA method for screening of compounds inhibiting TRKA phosphorylation, using KM12 cell line harboring TRKA rearrangement.

Tropomyosin-related kinase A (TRKA) fusion was originally detected in colorectal carcinoma that had resulted in expression of the oncogenic chimeric protein TPM3-TRKA. Lately, many more rearrangements in TRK family of kinases generating oncogenic fusion proteins have been identified. These genetic rearrangements usually result in fusion of cytoplasmic kinase domain of TRK to another gene of interest resulting in constitutive kinase activity.

Development of highly sensitive cell-based AKT kinase ELISA for monitoring PI3K beta activity and compound efficacy.

Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) pathway regulates multiple cellular functions involving cell survival, growth, motility proliferation, apoptosis, and adhesion. These are deregulated in various diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and inflammation. PI3Ks phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate (PIP2) yielding phosphatidylinositol 3, 4, 5 triphosphate (PIP3) which in turn activate AKT kinase (serine/threonine kinase), the central enzyme in regulation of metabolic functions.

Development and application of PI3K assays for novel drug discovery.

Introduction: Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) constitute one of the most important signaling pathways, playing a vital role in cellular differentiation and proliferation with a key function in cellular receptor triggered signal transduction downstream of tyrosine kinase receptors and/or G-protein coupled receptors. PI3K promotes cell survival proliferation, protein synthesis and glucose metabolism by generating secondary messengers phospholipid phosphatidyl 3,4,5-triphosphate and signaling via AKT/mTOR regulation. Deregulation of PI3K pathways have been observed in cancer, diabetes, neurological and inflammatory diseases and is an attractive target for pharmaceutical industries.

Development of phosphocellulose paper-based screening of inhibitors of lipid kinases: case study with PI3Kβ.

The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are lipid kinases that regulate the cellular signal transduction pathways involved in cell growth, proliferation, survival, apoptosis, and adhesion. Deregulation of these pathways are common in oncogenesis, and they are known to be altered in other metabolic disorders as well. Despite its huge potential as an attractive target in these diseases, there is an unmet need for the development of a successful inhibitor.

SHP-2 is a novel target of Abl kinases during cell proliferation.

Previously, we showed that Abl family tyrosine kinases are activated by growth factors, and Abl is required for transition from G1 to S phase during PDGF-mediated proliferation. Here, we show that the SHP-2 tyrosine phosphatase, which acts to promote proliferation in response to cytokines and growth factors, is a novel substrate of endogenous Abl kinases during growth factor-mediated cellular proliferation. Using a pharmacological inhibitor and RNAi, we show that endogenous Abl kinases phosphorylate SHP-2 on Y580, and induce sustained activation of ERK kinases in response to growth factor stimulation in fibroblasts.

Efficient genetic method for establishing Drosophila cell lines unlocks the potential to create lines of specific genotypes.

Analysis of cells in culture has made substantial contributions to biological research. The versatility and scale of in vitro manipulation and new applications such as high-throughput gene silencing screens ensure the continued importance of cell-culture studies. In comparison to mammalian systems, Drosophila cell culture is underdeveloped, primarily because there is no general genetic method for deriving new cell lines.

Risk assessment of p53 genotypes and haplotypes in tobacco-associated leukoplakia and oral cancer patients from eastern Idia.

The role of 3 p53 polymorphisms (16 bp duplication at intron 3, codon 72 Arg/Pro and intron 6 NciI RFLP at np 13494) as potential markers for indicating cancer risk remains inconclusive. In our case-control study consisting of 197 leukoplakia and 310 oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients and 348 controls, genotype frequencies at these 3 p53 loci were determined by PCR-RFLP method and analyzed by multiple logistic regression to determine the risks of the diseases. The 2/2 genotype at codon 72 of p53 was at risk for developing leukoplakia (OR = 1.

Distribution of p53 codon 72 polymorphism in Indian primary open angle glaucoma patients.

Purpose: Glaucoma is a complex neurodegenerative disorder of the eye. Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) is the most common type, accounting for over half of the total cases. Recently, a significant difference in the distribution of the codon 72 polymorphism of the tumor suppressor gene p53 between control subjects and POAG patients of Chinese origin (p=0.