Substrate-Induced Cooperative Ionic Catalysis: Difunctionalization of Indole Derivatives Employing Dimethyl Carbonate.

The global urge to adopt sustainable chemistry has resulted in the development of more environmentally benign strategies (EBS) that use CO and CO-derived chemicals in a step-economic manner. In this context, we investigated a dual C-H methylation and (C═O)-methoxylation of indole derivatives using dimethyl carbonate (DMC) in the presence of catalytic amounts of CsCO. Mechanistic insights include DMF-assisted, DMC-induced cooperative ionic catalysis, which allows DMC to act as both a nucleophilic and an electrophilic precursor, resulting in (C═O)-methoxylation and C-H methylation of -benzylindolyl ketones.

Fe(III)-catalyzed -selective C-H bond chalcogenation of phenols.

An efficient, eco-friendly, and scalable protocol has been introduced for the -selective C-X (X = Se/S) bond formation of phenols employing earth-abundant, less-toxic Fe(III)-catalysts and the green solvent ethanol without using any directing template, stabilizing ligands, oxidants, or additives. The key attraction lies in the impressive -selectivity with moderate to good yields, wide functional group compatibility under mild aerobic reaction conditions, and the synthetic modification of the products towards value-added molecules.

PINK1 insufficiency can be exploited as a specific target for drug combinations inducing mitochondrial pathology-mediated cell death in gastric adenocarcinoma.

There exist very limited non-hazardous therapeutic strategies except for surgical resection and lymphadenectomy against gastric cancer (GC) despite being the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. This study proposes an innovative treatment approach against GC using a drug combination strategy that manipulates mitochondrial dynamics in conjunction with the induction of mitochondrial pathology-mediated cell death. Comparative analysis was done with gastric adenocarcinoma and normal cells by qPCR, western blot, microscopic immunocytochemistry, and live cell imaging.

Immunometabolic characteristics of Dendritic Cells and its significant modulation by mitochondria-associated signaling in the tumor microenvironment influence cancer progression.

Dendritic cells (DCs) mediated T-cell responses is critical to anti-tumor immunity. This study explores immunometabolic attributes of DC, emphasizing on mitochondrial association, in Tumor Microenvironment (TME) that regulate cancer progression. Conventional DC subtypes cross-present tumor-associated antigens to activate lymphocytes.

A Comprehensive Pan-Cancer Analysis of Cytochrome C Oxidase Assembly Factor 1 (COA1) Reveals Instrumental Role of Mitochondrial Protein Assembly in Cancer that Modulates Disease Progression and Prognostic Outcome.

Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 1 (COA1), a mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly factor protein of inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), is involved in translating many mitochondrial components and assembling nuclear-encoded components within mitochondria. Given the lack of extensive research on COA1 in cancer, this study undertakes a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of COA1, which is overexpressed across various cancer types, shedding light on its multifaceted role in tumorigenesis, prognosis, and tumor microenvironment (TME) modulation. Leveraging bioinformatics tools and public databases, we elucidated its potential as a diagnostic cancer biomarker as well as a target for novel anti-cancer therapeutics.

A case of pituitary apoplexy mimicking viral meningitis.

Unlabelled: Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a clinical syndrome caused by ischemia or hemorrhage of the pituitary gland, typically in the context of an adenoma. It typically presents with a thunderclap headache and sterile cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). The authors identify a case of PA, which initially presented with the signs and symptoms of viral meningitis.

Immunometabolic attributes and mitochondria-associated signaling of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in tumor microenvironment modulate cancer progression.

Macrophages are specialized immune cells, which have the capacity to phagocytize and destroy the target cells, including tumor cells. Some macrophages, however on their way to devour the cancer cells undergo a change due to a complex set of signaling pathways. They are induced to change into a polarized state known as M2.

Pathophysiological involvement of host mitochondria in SARS-CoV-2 infection that causes COVID-19: a comprehensive evidential insight.

SARS-CoV-2 is a positive-strand RNA virus that infects humans through the nasopharyngeal and oral route causing COVID-19. Scientists left no stone unturned to explore a targetable key player in COVID-19 pathogenesis against which therapeutic interventions can be initiated. This article has attempted to review, coordinate and accumulate the most recent observations in support of the hypothesis predicting the altered state of mitochondria concerning mitochondrial redox homeostasis, inflammatory regulations, morphology, bioenergetics and antiviral signalling in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Elastocaloric determination of the phase diagram of SrRuO.

One of the main developments in unconventional superconductivity in the past two decades has been the discovery that most unconventional superconductors form phase diagrams that also contain other strongly correlated states. Many systems of interest are therefore close to more than one instability, and tuning between the resultant ordered phases is the subject of intense research. In recent years, uniaxial pressure applied using piezoelectric-based devices has been shown to be a particularly versatile new method of tuning, leading to experiments that have advanced our understanding of the fascinating unconventional superconductor SrRuO (refs.

Balanced cytokine upregulation by diluted ethanolic extract of in Delta SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein RBD-induced pathogenesis in embryo.

Background: extract is a well-known drug which is being utilized as phytomedicines and homoeopathic preparations since more than two centuries. This medicine is frequently used in clinical practice for flu-like conditions, respiratory tract infections, and gastrointestinal diseases, as evidenced by old literature and historical records. The plant contains Bryonicin, Bryonolic acid, Bryodin, Cucurbitacin, etc.

Biomolecular Modeling and Simulation: A Prospering Multidisciplinary Field.

We reassess progress in the field of biomolecular modeling and simulation, following up on our perspective published in 2011. By reviewing metrics for the field's productivity and providing examples of success, we underscore the productive phase of the field, whose short-term expectations were overestimated and long-term effects underestimated. Such successes include prediction of structures and mechanisms; generation of new insights into biomolecular activity; and thriving collaborations between modeling and experimentation, including experiments driven by modeling.

One-component order parameter in URuSi uncovered by resonant ultrasound spectroscopy and machine learning.

The unusual correlated state that emerges in URuSi below = 17.5 K is known as "hidden order" because even basic characteristics of the order parameter, such as its dimensionality (whether it has one component or two), are "hidden." We use resonant ultrasound spectroscopy to measure the symmetry-resolved elastic anomalies across .

Spatial control of heavy-fermion superconductivity in CeIrIn.

Although crystals of strongly correlated metals exhibit a diverse set of electronic ground states, few approaches exist for spatially modulating their properties. In this study, we demonstrate disorder-free control, on the micrometer scale, over the superconducting state in samples of the heavy-fermion superconductor CeIrIn We pattern crystals by focused ion beam milling to tailor the boundary conditions for the elastic deformation upon thermal contraction during cooling. The resulting nonuniform strain fields induce complex patterns of superconductivity, owing to the strong dependence of the transition temperature on the strength and direction of strain.

Simple quadratic magneto-optic Kerr effect measurement system using permanent magnets.

In recent times, quadratic magneto-optic Kerr effect (QMOKE) is emerging as an important experimental tool to investigate higher-order spin-orbit interactions in magnetic thin films and heterostructures. We have designed and constructed a simple, cost-effective QMOKE measurement system using permanent magnets. The permanent magnets are mounted on the inner surface of a cylindrical ferromagnetic yoke which can be rotated about its axis.