On working together.

In January, 1989, Professor David James of Surrey University, writing about practice nurses, said that 'as in a young person growing up or a profession emerging and establishing itself, we see an evolution from dependency and constraint to autonomy and responsibility'. ! It is a clear and powerful statement with which practice nurses everywhere will identify.

Traumatic injuries of the brachial artery.

Sixty-four patients with traumatic brachial artery injuries were treated. Fifty had penetrating and 14 had blunt injuries. Associated extremity and torso injuries were common.

Identification of a complex of the three forms of the rat liver asialoglycoprotein receptor.

We have generated antibodies against synthetic peptides which represent the carboxyl terminus of either the major, or the two minor, forms of the rat hepatic lectin which recognizes galactose-terminated glycoproteins (asialoglycoproteins). The antibodies were shown to be specific for the form of the lectin containing the immunizing peptide sequence by the following: reaction with purified lectin after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, immunoprecipitation of sodium dodecyl sulfate-denatured lectin, immunoprecipitation of lectin synthesized in vitro. These antibodies, however, precipitated all three rat hepatic lectin forms from nonionic detergent extracts of hepatocytes labeled with 125I via the lactoperoxidase catalyzed technique.

Enhanced binding of polycationic antibiotics to lipopolysaccharide from an aminoglycoside-supersusceptible, tolA mutant strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of the aminoglycoside-supersusceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa tolA mutant PAO1715 was compared with its parent strain PAO1670 and tol+ revertant PAO1716. Electrophoretic separation of purified LPSs from the three isolates showed similar LPS banding patterns. Analysis of the Western blots of these LPSs from the three isolates with O-antigen-specific monoclonal antibody indicated that the ladder pattern consisted of doublet bands, which presumably reflected a modification of core or lipid A; the level of one of the bands in the doublet was in much lower amounts in the isolate from the tolA mutant than in that from the parent or revertant.

To biopsy or not to biopsy in suspected herpes simplex encephalitis: a quantitative analysis.

The authors performed a decision analysis to determine whether a patient suspected to have herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) should undergo a brain biopsy or be treated empirically with medical therapy. In most cases, empiric treatment with acyclovir would be slightly favored; brain biopsy was not essential in management. However, brain biopsy was found useful for patients who had low CSF glucose at the time of initial lumbar puncture; such patients may have a very high risk to have other treatable conditions such as tuberculosis, brain abscess, toxoplasmosis, or cryptococcosis.

Interaction of macrophage cationic proteins with the outer membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The interaction of the polycationic rabbit alveolar macrophage cationic proteins MCP-1 and MCP-2 (or their identical neutrophil equivalents NP-1 and NP-2) with the surface of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated. Both proteins bound avidly to purified lipopolysaccharide, as judged by their ability to competitively displace the probe dansyl polymyxin with 50% inhibition (I50) values of 2 to 3 microM. Similar I50 were measured with dansyl polymyxin as a probe for cell surface binding, suggesting that the initial binding site for MCP-1 and MCP-2 on the surface of cells was lipopolysaccharide.

Effects of lateralized cerebral dysfunction on the Continuous Paired-Associate Test.

Some authorities have advocated matching tests on several critical psychometric properties before inferring the presence of a differential pattern of deficit. This study examined the effects of lateralized cerebral dysfunction on the matched Verbal and Design subtests of the Continuous Paired-Associate Test (CPAT). Patients with lateralized destructive lesions were studied in Experiment 1.

Methapyrilene is a genotoxic carcinogen: studies on methapyrilene and pyrilamine in the L5178Y/TK +/- mouse lymphoma assay.

Methapyrilene (MP), a sedating antihistamine, is a potent rat hepatocarcinogen which has been thought to be non-genotoxic on the basis of the negative results in a small number of short-term mutagenicity tests. The present studies show that MP is a moderately active mutagen in the L5178Y/TK +/-----TK-/- mouse lymphoma assay (MLA) in the presence of aroclor-induced rat-liver S9, and that it induces predominantly small-colony thymidine kinase-deficient (TK-/-) mutants of demonstrated chromosomal origin. 10 of 12 small colony TK-/- mutants analyzed by banded karyotype (230-band level of resolution) show aberrations to chromosome 11b, the known location of the single functional TK gene in these cells.

Inhibitors of dopamine beta-hydroxylase. 3. Some 1-(pyridylmethyl)imidazole-2-thiones.

The 1-benzylimidazole-2-thione moiety has been previously shown by Kruse et al. to be broadly associated with dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) inhibitory activity both in vitro and in vivo in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). An extension of structure-activity studies to 1-(pyridylmethyl)- and 1-(oxypyridylmethyl)imidazole-2-thiones is reported here in an attempt to exploit the pH differential that exists across the chromaffin vesicle membrane.

Synthesis, conformation, and dopaminergic activity of 5,6-ethano-bridged derivatives of selective dopaminergic 3-benzazepines.

To probe the suggestion that D-1 (DA1) dopamine receptors might possess an accessory pi-binding site in a location complementary to a suitably oriented aromatic ring (i.e., in an axial orientation approximately orthogonal to the catechol nucleus) in agonists such as 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol (1) and 3',4'-dihydroxynomifensine (2) that are selective for this subtype, cis- and trans-2,3,4,8,9,9a-hexahydro-4-phenyl-1H-indeno[1,7-cd]azepine-6,7-diol were prepared.

Acute percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty complicated by embolism to a coronary artery remote from the site of infarction.

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty has emerged as a mode of treatment in patients with both chronic and acute coronary syndromes. Among the recognized complications of coronary angioplasty is coronary embolism. This case report describes a case of acute anterior myocardial infarction which was treated with angioplasty of the left anterior descending coronary artery.

Multisubstrate inhibitors of dopamine beta-hydroxylase. 2. Structure-activity relationships at the phenethylamine binding site.

1-Aralkylimidazole-2-thiones have been shown to be potent multisubstrate inhibitors of dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH; EC 1.14.17.

High resolution G-banded chromosomes of the mouse.

High resolution G-banded mouse chromosomes were prepared using an actinomycin D and acridine orange pretreatment protocol, resulting in late prophase mouse chromosomes which reveal over twice the number of bands as compared with mid metaphase. These elongated chromosomes, described here in detail and used to construct a precise schematic representation of the late prophase banding patterns, should be generally useful in high resolution mouse chromosome analysis.

Localization of a unique DNA sequence to band p16 of human chromosome 4.

Southern blot analysis of DNA from human-rodent cell hybrids and in situ hybridization to metaphase chromosomes allowed the assignment of a unique human DNA sequence associated with satellite DNA to band p16 of human chromosome 4.

Multisubstrate inhibitors of dopamine beta-hydroxylase. 1. Some 1-phenyl and 1-phenyl-bridged derivatives of imidazole-2-thione.

The synthesis and characterization of some 1-(phenylalkyl)imidazole-2-thiones as a novel class of "multisubstrate" inhibitors of dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) are described. These inhibitors incorporate structural features that resemble both tyramine and oxygen substrates, and as evidenced by steady-state kinetics, they appear to bind both the phenethylamine binding site and the active site copper atom(s) in DBH. A series of structural congeners that incorporate different bridging chain lengths between the phenyl ring (dopamine mimic) and the imidazole-2-thione group (oxygen mimic) define the optimum distance for inhibitory potency and the likely intersite distance in the DBH active site.

Synthesis and dopaminergic binding of 2-aryldopamine analogues: phenethylamines, 3-benzazepines, and 9-(aminomethyl)fluorenes.

A series of 2-aryldopamine analogues were synthesized and evaluated for their effects on D1 and D2 dopamine receptors. The 2-phenyldopamine and 6-phenylbenzazepine analogues exhibited weak binding to both D1 and D2 receptors. The 9-(aminomethyl)fluorenes also exhibited weak D2 binding; however, 2,5,6-trihydroxy-9H-fluorene-9-methanamine (4b) exhibited D1 binding comparable to apomorphine.

Field evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the serodiagnosis of tuberculosis.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was evaluated as a serodiagnostic test for active tuberculosis in La Paz, Bolivia. ELISA was compared with sputum smear in 277 persons presenting to the Instituto de Torax and was used for screening in 1,458 military personnel. The test was performed under field conditions on 4-microliter samples of capillary blood obtained by finger prick.

Differential redistribution of lectin receptor classes on clonal rat myotubes and myoblasts.

To evaluate the relative mobilities of cell surface glycoconjugates during myogenesis we have studied the redistribution of fluorescein-conjugated plant lectins on L6 rat myogenic cells. Previous experiments had demonstrated that the receptors for the lectins soybean agglutinin (SBA), wheat germ agglutinin, concanavalin A and Lens culinaris agglutinin all were relatively uniformly distributed on both myoblasts and myotubes, and that SBA receptors were capable of rapid redistribution on myotubes but not myoblasts at 4 degrees C (Sawyer & Akeson, 1983). Here we show that when SBA-labelled myoblasts are incubated at 37 degrees C, or for extended times at 4 degrees C, the lectin aggregates as on myotubes.

High resolution of mouse chromosomes: banding conservation between man and mouse.

A detailed schematic representation of high-resolution G-banding patterns was prepared from elongated and finely banded mitotic chromosomes of the mouse. Such chromosomes can be obtained from both animal tissue and cell lines by a simple protocol, facilitating precise demarcation of breakpoints in chromosome rearrangements and aiding in the sublocalization of genes. Regions of subbanding homology were observed between human and mouse chromosomal segments known to have conserved gene assignments, an indication that, at the cytogenetic level, extensive regions of the mammalian genome may remain intact after 60 million years of species divergence.

Deepening the understanding of hospital patient satisfaction: fulfillment and equity effects.

Patient satisfaction surveys are widely used tools. However, they provide limited managerial information. Additional, useful insights can be gained by analyzing factors that determine satisfaction.