Ṯābit Ibn Qurra's contributions to toxicology.

Mankind has been familiar with poisons since ancient times. On the other hand, there is a wealth of knowledge in the medical books including medieval works of Middle Eastern polymaths such as Avicenna, "al-Rāzī," and "Ṯābit Ibn Qurra." This study presented and analyzed the knowledge of medical toxicology in one of the mainstay works of "Ṯābit Ibn Qurra" entitled "al-Ḏaḫira Fy Ꜥilm al-Tibb" also known as The Treasury of Medicine after the translation of the book from Arabic to English carefully and faithfully.

Seeds.

A wide variety of plant species provide edible seeds. Seeds are the dominant source of human calories and protein. The most important and popular seed food sources are cereals, followed by legumes and nuts.

Nuts.

Nuts are fruits composed of two parts: an inedible hard shell and an edible seed. Nuts are known as an energy-dense and nutrient-rich food source. In general, nuts are recognized as a good source of fat, fiber, and protein.

Grains.

The grain group is small, hard, dry seeds, known to be more durable than other staple foods. They have been a part of the human diet for tens of thousands of years. The two foremost types of commercial grain crops are cereals and legumes or pulses, discussed in Chapter 13 "Seeds.

Fruits.

Fruits come in a wide variety of colors, shapes, and flavors. This chapter will cover selected fruits that are known to be healthy and highly nutritious. These fruits were chosen due to their common usage and availability.

Vegetables.

Vegetables come in varied colors, forms, and tastes. Health specialists highly encourage inclusion of vegetables in one's diet due to their inherent nutritional worth. This chapter will cover selected vegetables from wide-ranging families like roots, stems, leafy greens, and cruciferous varieties.