A practical predictor of the growth potential of benign meningiomas: Hypointensity of surface layer in T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Accurate evaluation of proliferative potential is particularly important in the clinical management of individual patients with meningiomas. We introduce a new feature in the parenchyma of meningioma, namely, hypointensity of the surface layer (HSL), on T2-weighted MR images and compare it with a cellular proliferation index and growth speed.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of consecutive patients with WHO grade I meningiomas in two institutes: an operated group with 124 meningiomas resected in one institute, and an observed group with 89 meningiomas monitored without surgery in the other.

CT Hounsfield Unit Is a Good Predictor of Growth in Meningiomas.

Predicting the growth rate of meningiomas is important in treatment planning. Although calcification may be an important sign of slow growth in meningiomas, the developmental process and its relation to the tumor growth pattern have not been elucidated. We retrospectively examined the location and degree of calcification in 150 meningiomas (131 asymptomatic tumors) using computed tomography (CT) scans and mean Hounsfield units (mHU).

Hypothalamic AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Regulates Biphasic Insulin Secretion from Pancreatic β Cells during Fasting and in Type 2 Diabetes.

Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) by pancreatic β cells is biphasic. However, the physiological significance of biphasic GSIS and its relationship to diabetes are not yet fully understood. This study demonstrated that impaired first-phase GSIS follows fasting, leading to increased blood glucose levels and brain glucose distribution in humans.

Evaluation of computer-aided detection of lesions in mammograms obtained with a digital phase-contrast mammography system.

A computer-aided detection (CAD) system was evaluated for its ability to detect microcalcifications and masses on images obtained with a digital phase-contrast mammography (PCM) system, a system characterised by the sharp images provided by phase contrast and by the high resolution of 25-μm-pixel mammograms. Fifty abnormal and 50 normal mammograms were collected from about 3,500 mammograms and printed on film for reading on a light box. Seven qualified radiologists participated in an observer study based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.

Evaluation of treatment-induced cerebral white matter injury by using diffusion-tensor MR imaging: initial experience.

Background And Purpose: Treatment with chemotherapy and radiation therapy for brain tumors can cause white matter (WM) injury. Conventional MR imaging, however, cannot always depict treatment-induced transient WM abnormalities. We investigated the ability of diffusion-tensor (DT) MR imaging and proton MR spectroscopy to detect the treatment-induced transient changes within normal-appearing WM.