European multicentre study evaluating the prognosis of peripheral early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients operated on by segmentectomy or lobectomy.

Objectives: To analyse impact of segmentectomy on oncological outcomes of different peripheral early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patterns.

Methods: Retrospective multicentre study including patients who underwent either lobectomy or segmentectomy in 6 European centres from 2015 to 2021, for ≤2 cm pathological peripheral lung adenocarcinoma. Overall and disease-free survivals were assessed by cox-regression and lung cancer-specific survival by competing regression analyses to adjust for patient- and tumour-related factors both in the entire dataset and the in aggressive adenocarcinoma patterns dataset.

The Nine-Year Survival of Patients Operated for Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma in a Tertiary Centre: The Impact of the Tumour Stage and Other Patient-Related Parameters.

The mainstay treatment of non-small-cell lung carcinoma is still surgery, but its impact on survival beyond nine years has never been reported/analysed in Romania. Therefore, we studied the clinical characteristics and the short- and long-term survival of a population of 1369 patients diagnosed and treated in a single institution, with the variables included in the database being collected retrospectively. In this paper, we aimed to study a number of factors that might influence prognosis and survival in non-small bronchopulmonary carcinoma.

Catamenial Pneumothorax: A Rare Diagnosis Among Menstruating Women.

Catamenial Pneumothorax is a rare condition often associated with endometriosis in menstruating women. Due to the rarity of this condition, its etiology is not well studied and, thus, effective treatment regimens have not been well established. We present a case of a 21-year-old female with no significant past medical history who developed recurrent episodes of spontaneous pneumothorax, chronologically associated with her menstrual cycle.

Paravertebral Abscess Secondary to Vertebral Osteomyelitis in an Intravenous Drug User.

Hematogenous pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (VO) is a rare and often fatal complication of osteomyelitis that can affect individuals with underlying medical conditions, hospital-acquired infections, and intravenous (IV) drug abuse. Pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis can present with generalized back pain, pyrexia, motor weakness, and neurologic deficits. The enigmatic presentation of this condition often results in delays in diagnosis and an increase in mortality.

Behind the scenes of the healthcare COVID-19 pandemic crisis: potential affecting factors of healthcare work sustainability in Romania during 2020-2022.

Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic represented a great disturbance for medical systems around the world, putting medical personnel on the front lines of the fight against the SARS-Cov2 virus. This fight was particularly impactful in countries with medical systems already facing various challenges, including Romania; where the pandemic unfolded in five waves that severely affected the psychological and physical well-being of medical professionals in terms of overload and continuous exposure to health threats. Against this background, our research aims to identify the mediating role of potential affecting factors of healthcare work sustainability during the change-related uncertainty conditions generated by the COVID 19 crisis.

Spontaneous Pulmonary Hematoma: Case Report of a Giant Post-COVID-19 Hematoma and Literature Review.

Pulmonary hematomas are a rare pathology. Although they are usually reported post-traumatically, there are also spontaneous forms in pulmonary pathologies or during drug therapy. In these spontaneous entities, primitive forms are rarely described, although the contributory local pulmonary pathological terrain or a specific associated medication has not yet been identified.

Uterovesical fistulas as obstetric complications: Diagnosis, management and prognosis (Review).

Urogenital fistulas are abnormal communications between the female genital and urinary tract; while such fistulas, which are the most commonly encountered, are located between the vagina and urinary bladder and are caused by the local extension of a tumoral process. Another frequently encountered cause is represented by the obstetric one, leading to the development of uterovesical fistulas. However, many questions regarding the diagnosis and management of uterovesical fistulas remain unanswered.

Pulmonary Crohn's Disease or Crohn's Disease with Lung Sarcoidosis? A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Crohn's disease and ulcerative hemorrhagic colitis are forms of granulomatous inflammatory intestinal disease, which usually affects the gastrointestinal tract. There are also reported rare localizations at the skin, kidney, joints, liver and eye level. Pulmonary involvement is relatively rare, and it is most commonly reported in suppuration with bronchiectasis.

A Large Thymoma Resected via Left Antero-lateral Thoracotomy.

Background/aim: Thymomas are a rare type of mediastinal tumors with a slow growth rate. Because of this, they are well tolerated and patients usually present with large masses, which can extend in either of the thoracic cavities. The surgical approach for such tumors is dictated by the size and localization of the mass.

Synchronous arterial resection in pancreatic cancer: A case report.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies affecting people worldwide. As it is frequently diagnosed in advanced stages of the disease, the 5-year overall survival rate is <10%. Advanced stages are usually characterized by the local invasion of the superior mesenteric axis, celiac axis and portal vein and are considered a sign of unresectable cancer.

Vascular Resections in Association With Pancreatic Resections for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer.

Background/aim: Locally advanced pancreatic cancer has been considered for a long period of time as an unresectable lesion and therefore, all patients have been traditionally addressed to the oncological services for palliative purposes. However, due to the wide usage of newer oncological agents in association with improved surgical techniques, radical surgical procedures became feasible. The aim of this study was to present the different surgical procedures that were performed in locally advanced pancreatic cancer patients in order to achieve radical resections.

Lung neuroendocrine tumors: A systematic literature review (Review).

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) can have multiple localizations in the human body however, most often, it appears in the in thorax at tracheobronchial tree and the thymus. NETs are a group of tumors with heterogenous malignancy that evolve from neuroendocrine cells, with the lung being the second target organ after the gastrointestinal tract. These rare tumors are usually asymptomatic and non-functional with little information regarding incidence in the specialty literature.

Vesico-uterine Fistula Following C-section - A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background/aim: Vesico-uterine fistulas represent a rare type of genito-urinary fistulas; however, due to the increasing incidence of Caesarean section (C-section) in the last decade, this abnormal communication between the urinary and genital tracts has been reported more often after such surgical procedures. The aim of the current article was to report the case of a 28-year-old patient who was submitted to surgery for a vesico-uterine fistula seven years after a C-section.

Case Report: The 28-year-old patient with a previous history of four vaginal deliveries and one C-section was self-presented to the Gynecology Department for cyclic hematuria and diagnosed with a vesico-uterine fistula after injecting methylene blue in the uterine cavity during hysteroscopy.

Distal Pancreatectomy With Celiac Axis Resection for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Body Cancer - A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Locally advanced pancreatic cancer invading the surrounding vascular structures has long been considered as unresectable and, therefore, patients were usually submitted to palliative chemotherapy.

Case Report: We present the case of a 44-year-old male investigated for weight loss and abdominal pain and diagnosed with a locally advanced pancreatic tumor invading the celiac axis. An endoscopic ultrasound was performed and a biopsy was retrieved demonstrating the presence of a moderately differentiated pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Heart Failure With Cardiogenic Shock as a Manifestation of Untreated POEMS (Polyneuropathy, Organomegaly, Endocrinopathy, Monoclonal Protein, Skin Changes) Syndrome.

POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal protein, skin changes) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome due to a plasma cell disorder. Diagnosis requires peripheral neuropathy and a monoclonal plasma cell disorder along with one major and one minor criteria, but cardiac manifestations are uncommon. The pathogenesis of POEMS syndrome is not well understood but it is thought to involve overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1B), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha).

Major Hepatectomy En Bloc with Cava Vein Resection for Locally Invasive Caudate Lobe Hepatocarcinoma.

Background/aim: Locally advanced liver tumours with vascular invasion have been considered for a long period of time as unresectable lesions, so the patient was further deferred to oncology services for palliation. However, improvement of the surgical techniques and the results reported so far came to demonstrate that extended hepatic and vascular resections might be safely performed in such cases and might significantly improve the long-term outcomes.

Materials And Methods: A 61-year-old patient was diagnosed with a caudate lobe tumour invading the inferior cava vein and the right hepatic pedicle.

Neoadjuvant intraperitoneal chemotherapy for advanced stage gastric cancer (Review).

Gastric cancer remains one of the most lethal malignancies especially when diagnosed in advanced stages of the disease; most often patients diagnosed later during the progression of their disease will present a certain degree of peritoneal contamination such as positive peritoneal cytology or peritoneal metastatic nodules. In such cases most often they then progress to peritoneal carcinomatosis and succumb to the disease within one year. In order to increase the lifespan in such cases multiple therapeutic strategies have been proposed such as radical surgery and intraperitoneal heated chemotherapy or direct intraperitoneal chemotherapy followed by radical surgery.

Determination of whether HIPEC is beneficial in patients with synchronous peritoneal and liver metastases from colorectal cancer (Review).

Peritoneal carcinomatosis, as well as the presence of liver metastases from colorectal cancer, has been long considered as the sign of a systemic disease, transforming the patient into a candidate for palliation and best supportive care. However, in recent decades, progress in the field of medical and surgical oncology has allowed scientists worldwide to produce curative therapeutic strategies for these cases such as hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) or extended liver resection. In addition, the association of these two therapies has also been performed with encouraging results.

Basal cell carcinoma-not always the 'good guy': Case report of a life-threatening basosquamous carcinoma and review of the literature.

Cutaneous basosquamous carcinoma is a variant of basal cell carcinoma that is characterized by histopathological features of both basal and squamous cell carcinoma. Due to its local invasiveness, high frequency of recurrence, and its metastatic potential, it is considered to be one of the most aggressive subtypes of basal cell carcinoma. We present the case of an 81-year-old male who was admitted to the hospital with incessant hemorrhage arising from a cutaneous tumor that later proved to be a basosquamous carcinoma.

Giant chondroid lipoma of the breast: A case report and literature review.

Chondroid lipoma is a rare benign lesion affecting the breast, in which the diagnosis of malignancy is difficult to be excluded during preoperative studies. In this respect, a correct histopathological diagnosis is mandatory in order to avoid overdiagnosis and subsequently overtreatment. In the present study, the case of a 61-year-old patient who self-referred for the development of a large tumor at the level of the left breast is reported.

Extended Venous Resections for Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Head Adenocarcinoma-A Retrospective Studies of Nine Cases.

Background: pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies and a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The only chance to improve the long-term outcomes of patients with pancreatic cancer is surgery with radical intent.

Methods: in the present paper, we aim to describe a case series of 9 patients submitted to radical surgery for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.

Superior Mesenteric Vein Resection Followed by Porto-Jejunal Anastomosis During Pancreatoduodenectomy for Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer - A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background/aim: Pancreatic cancer represents the most lethal abdominal malignancy, the only chance for achieving an improvement in terms of survival being represented by radical surgery. Although it has been considered that venous invasion represents a contraindication for resection, recently it has been demonstrated that in regards to overall survival after radical resection, it is similar to the one reported after standard pancreatoduodenectomy.

Case Report: A 53-year-old patient with no significant medical past was diagnosed with a borderline resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma invading the superior mesenteric vein.

Monaldi cavernostomy for lung aspergillosis: A case report.

Pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with respiratory failure can severely affect the pulmonary functional status and may aggravate it through pulmonary suppuration, by recruitment of new parenchyma and hemoptysis, which can sometimes be massive, with lethal risk by flooding the bronchus. The treatment consists of a combination of medical therapy, surgery and interventional radiology. In small lesions, less than 2-3 cm, medical therapy methods may be sufficient; however, in invasive forms (larger than 3 cm) surgical resection is necessary.

Primary Leiomyoma of the Visceral Pleura: An Unexpected Occurrence.

Background/aim: Leiomyoma is a rare benign tumor originating from smooth muscle fibres. In the respiratory tract, these tumors are rare and in the pleura, cases are exceptional, with only a few reported so far. This is the main reason we decided to present this case of primary leiomyoma of the visceral pleura.