Transitioning from the safety of the womb to the outside world for neonates with life-threatening cardiovascular conditions: The IMmediate Postpartum Access to Cardiac Therapy (IMPACT) Procedure.

The IMmediate Postpartum Access to Cardiac Therapy (IMPACT) procedure is a multidisciplinary, collaborative, highly coordinated clinical service in which a planned delivery and intensive neonatal care are offered for conditions where there is a high likelihood of postnatal instability. This process includes prenatal consultation with the parent(s), involving each service engaged with the delivery, postnatal resuscitation, and procedural care. A Cesarean section delivery is planned in an operating room with immediate access to a multifunctional procedural suite where the neonate can undergo rapid cardiac evaluation and initiation of interventional treatments which can have a positive, life-saving impact.

Social worlds of Appalachian women caregivers of older relatives living with dementia.

Rationale: Over 11 million people in the United States provide care for an older family member with dementia, with this responsibility primarily falling on daughters and wives. In Appalachia, a mountainous region in the U.S characterized by close families, family members were crucial to ensuring that care needs were met for people living with dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Dementia Care in Rural Appalachia: Multilevel Analysis of Individual- and County-Level Factors.

Background And Objectives: Home- and community-based services (HCBS) are underutilized, despite offering significant health benefits to both care recipients and caregivers. Drawing upon Andersen's extended behavioral model of health services use, we examined individual- and county-level factors influencing HCBS utilization for dementia care in rural Appalachia.

Research Design And Methods: We analyzed data from telephone interviews with 123 dementia family caregivers in rural Appalachian counties (Mage = 64.

Family Caregivers' Management of Behavioral Expressions of Dementia.

Background And Objectives: Behavioral expressions of dementia are often stressful for family caregivers to manage as they strive to ensure their relative's needs are met. Guided by Lazarus and Folkman's Transactional Model of Stress and Coping, we identified specific behaviors that disrupt daily routines and challenge the achievement of caregiving goals, and the approaches and strategies caregivers employ to address them.

Research Design And Methods: We conducted semistructured interviews with 30 family caregivers in rural Appalachia caring for a relative living with dementia.

Ultra-processed food intake, gut microbiome, and glucose homeostasis in mid-life adults: Background, design, and methods of a controlled feeding trial.

Background: Aging is associated with gut dysbiosis, low-grade inflammation, and increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Prediabetes, which increases T2D and cardiovascular disease risk, is present in 45-50% of mid-life adults. The gut microbiota may link ultra-processed food (UPF) with inflammation and T2D risk.

Parental Impressions and Perspectives of Efficacy in Prenatal Counseling for Single Ventricle Congenital Heart Disease.

Although commonly performed, optimal techniques, strategies, and content to achieve the most effective prenatal counseling have not been explored. We investigate the efficacy of prenatal counseling via survey feedback of parents of children with prenatally diagnosed single ventricle. Grades of counseling using a Likert scale (1-5) were solicited to assess: (1) overall impression of quantity of counseling, (2) explanation of the heart defect, (3) preparation for heart surgery, (4) preparation for hospital course and care, (5) preparation for complications and outcomes of a Fontan circulation, and (6) preparation for neurological, school-related, or behavioral problems.

From terrible twos to sassy sixes: The development of vocabulary and executive functioning across early childhood.

Across the early childhood period of development, young children exhibit considerable growth in their executive functioning (EF) and vocabulary abilities. Understanding the developmental trajectory of these seemingly interrelated processes is important as both early vocabulary and EF have been shown to predict critical academic and socio-emotional outcomes later in childhood. Although previous research suggests that EF and vocabulary are correlated in early childhood, much of the existing longitudinal research has focused on unidirectional relations among preschool child samples.

Vigilance, risk, and service use among caregivers of people living with dementia.

Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to understand the dynamics among dementia caregiving, vigilance, and home and community-based service use.

Methods: This paper is derived from a larger, mixed-methods study on caregiving. We used a descriptive qualitative approach to analyze interview data of 30 family caregivers of relatives with dementia.

COVID-19 Vaccination Experiences of Family Caregivers of Persons Living with Dementia in Rural Appalachia.

The study investigated COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitancy, and barriers among family caregivers of rural community-dwelling persons living with dementia (PLwD). Three waves of telephone interviews with 26 family caregivers (96% White, 81% Female, = 63 ± 12 years) were analyzed using thematic content analysis. At Wave 3, although all dyads were eligible, only 10 dyads had received their first dose of the vaccine.

Barriers to Service Use Among Dementia Family Caregivers in Rural Appalachia: Implications for Reducing Caregiver Overload.

Although the benefits of home- and community-based services (HCBS) to support the needs of older adults are well-established, researchers have persistently reported service underutilization by dementia caregivers to assist them with their caregiving responsibilities. Using the Health Behavior Model and Conservation of Resources Theory, the aim of the current study was to understand what barriers prevent caregivers from using HCBS and the toll it takes on them. Utilizing a sample of 122 rural family caregivers (74% female, 87% white, M = 64.

Financial Fraud of Older Adults During the Early Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background And Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) created a "perfect storm" for financial fraud targeting older adults. Guided by the Contextual Theory of Elder Abuse, we focused on individual and systemic contexts to examine how older adults became prey to financial fraud.

Research Design And Methods: In July 2020, 998 adults who were 60-98 years of age (93% White; 64% female) completed an online survey about experiences with financial fraud.

Occlusion Pressure of the Thoracic Duct in Fontan Patients With Lymphatic Failure: Does Dilatation Challenge Contractility?

Background: The Fontan circulation challenges the lymphatic system. Increasing production of lymphatic fluid and impeding lymphatic return, increased venous pressure may cause lymphatic dilatation and decrease lymphatic contractility. In-vitro studies have reported a lymphatic diameter-tension curve, with increasing passive stretch affecting the intrinsic contractile properties of each thoracic duct segment.

Extended Family Caregivers for Persons Living With Dementia.

Despite changes in the structure of contemporary families, little is known about extended family members-siblings, grandchildren, nieces/nephews, stepkin-who are primary caregivers for a relative living with dementia. Information about these caregivers is needed to help ensure their needs are understood by providers in health care and social service settings. The focus of this research was on the care situations of extended family caregivers and the impact of caregiving on their health and well-being.

Reduction of risk factors for ACL Re-injuries using an innovative biofeedback approach: A phase I randomized clinical trial.

Objectives: Determine the safety and initial efficacy of a novel biofeedback intervention to improve landing mechanics in patients following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Methods: Forty patients post-ACLR (age: 16.9 ± 2.

Fetal growth and gestational age improve outcome predictions in neonatal heart surgery.

Objective: Current risk adjustment models for congenital heart surgery do not fully incorporate multiple factors unique to neonates such as granular gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW) z score data. This study sought to develop a Neonatal Risk Adjustment Model for congenital heart surgery to address these deficiencies.

Methods: Cohort study of neonates undergoing cardiothoracic surgery during the neonatal period captured in the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium database between 2014 and 2020.

Dual Caregivers of Persons living with Dementia: The Added Stress of COVID-19 Pandemic.

Serving in dual caregiving roles presents challenges and has consequences for caregivers' physical and mental health. Forty-six dual caregivers in rural southwest Virginia participated in one semi-structured telephone interview pre-pandemic. Of these caregivers, nine dual caregivers of multiple older adults (MOA) and six caregivers of multiple generations (MG) participated in two telephone interviews during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Sinus venosus defect of the pulmonary vein-type: An easily missed diagnosis.

Atrial septal defects are one of the most common forms of congenital heart disease, however sinus venosus communications, particularly pulmonary vein-type defects, are rare and are easily misdiagnosed. Patients with pulmonary vein-type sinus venosus defects often present earlier than those with ostium secundum defects with significant right heart dilation. Correct diagnosis has important implications for management.

Family Caregivers in Rural Appalachia Caring for Older Relatives With Dementia: Predictors of Service Use.

Background And Objectives: Residents of rural Appalachia tend to experience poorer health and greater economic distress than rural dwellers elsewhere in the United States. Although family is the first line of support for older adults needing care, it is unclear whether dementia caregivers in Appalachia assume these care responsibilities because of strong informal networks that support them in their caregiving role, underresourced formal services for persons with dementia, or culture-based reluctance to accept help from outsiders. This research examines how rural residents of Appalachia manage the care of relatives with dementia.

Transthyretin V142I Genetic Variant and Cardiac Remodeling, Injury, and Heart Failure Risk in Black Adults.

Objectives: This study evaluated the association of transthyretin (TTR) gene variant, in which isoleucine substitutes for valine at position 122 (V142I), with cardiac structure, function, and heart failure (HF) risk among middle-aged Black adults.

Background: The valine-to-isoleucine substitution in the TTR protein is prevalent in Black individuals and causes cardiac amyloidosis.

Methods: Jackson Heart Study participants without HF at baseline who had available data on the TTR V142I variant were included.

Impact of Maternal-Fetal Environment on Mortality in Children With Single Ventricle Heart Disease.

BACKGROUND Children with single ventricle heart disease have significant morbidity and mortality. The maternal-fetal environment (MFE) may adversely impact outcomes after neonatal cardiac surgery. We hypothesized that impaired MFE would be associated with an increased risk of death after stage 1 Norwood reconstruction.

Dementia Family Caregiving in Rural Appalachia: A Sociocultural Model of Care Decisions and Service Use.

Objectives: Examinations of cultural variations in caregiving experiences and practices tend to focus on racially and ethnically diverse family caregivers. We extended this research by exploring the role of place-based cultural constructs on care decisions of family caregivers for persons living with dementia in rural Appalachia whose experiences and backgrounds dwell outside the lines of dominant culture.

Methods: Guided by our sociocultural conceptual model of service use and a descriptive qualitative study design, we conducted in-depth interviews with 30 caregivers for persons living with dementia to understand how predisposing and enabling factors influence caregiving decisions, including the use of services to care for persons living with dementia.

Infant electroencephalogram coherence and early childhood inhibitory control: Foundations for social cognition in late childhood.

Social cognition is a set of complex processes that mediate much of human behavior. The development of these skills is related to and interdependent on other cognitive processes, particularly inhibitory control. Brain regions associated with inhibitory control and social cognition overlap functionally and structurally, especially with respect to frontal brain areas.

Nomenclature for Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Care: Unification of Clinical and Administrative Nomenclature - The 2021 International Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Code (IPCCC) and the Eleventh Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11).

Substantial progress has been made in the standardization of nomenclature for paediatric and congenital cardiac care. In 1936, Maude Abbott published her Atlas of Congenital Cardiac Disease, which was the first formal attempt to classify congenital heart disease. The International Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Code (IPCCC) is now utilized worldwide and has most recently become the paediatric and congenital cardiac component of the Eleventh Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11).