Myofibroblastoma of the breast mimicking carcinoma: a diagnostic challenge with a crucial role for histopathology and immunohistochemistry.

Myofibroblastoma is a rare mesenchymal tumour known for its benign nature but complex diagnostic pathway. A woman in her 40s presented with a painless breast mass, initially reported as a fibroadenoma on ultrasound mammography and as a benign to borderline phyllodes tumour on fine needle aspiration cytology. Contrast-enhanced CT was reported as carcinoma of the breast with Breast Imaging and Reporting Data System (BIRADS)-6.

Optimizing the Diagnosis of Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia: A Comparative Evaluation of Erythrocyte and Reticulocyte Parameters.

Background Anemia is a widespread, worldwide hematological disorder, with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and thalassemia trait (TT) being two frequently encountered forms. For effective management, it is vital to distinguish between these two conditions. Existing diagnostic methods have some limitations due to their inaccessibility and high cost.

The Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Cervical Cancer.

Aim To examine the relationship between tumor differentiation, parametrial, and lymphovascular invasion, as well as the differential expression pattern of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and various forms of cervical cancer. Methods Histologically diagnosed cases of in-situ and malignant lesions of the cervix were included in the study. Two sections were cut from paraffin blocks.

Adult granulosa cell tumour camouflaged as mucinous neoplasm.

This case report delves into the diagnostic intricacies and clinical management of adult granulosa cell tumour (AGCT) in a woman in her 50s, presenting with pain abdomen. Initial imaging investigations like ultrasound suggested diagnosis of benign cystadenoma. Further MRI revealed a large well-defined multiloculated lesion so a diagnosis of neoplastic aetiology/likely mucinous cystadenocarcinoma was offered.

Incidental Arthroscopic Finding of Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Post-traumatic Ligamentous Injury to Knee Joint.

Introduction: The relationship between physical trauma and subsequent symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been described in the past though onset of newer disease of RA in apparently normal patient is doubtful. Trauma can cause precipitation of RA symptoms. Such trauma includes fractures, joint injuries, road traffic accidents, and also surgeries and deliveries.

Antioxidant therapy for hepatic diseases: a double-edged sword.

Liver diseases are complex conditions, significantly influenced by oxidative stress. This comprehensive review assesses the therapeutic role of antioxidants like l-ascorbic acid and α tocopherol, beta-carotene, various minerals, and plant-based ingredients in mitigating oxidative stress-induced liver diseases. The manuscript delves into the critical influence of genetic and epigenetic factors on disease susceptibility, progression, and response to antioxidant therapy.

Role of autopsy in diagnosing asplenia and right bilobed lung in a fetus with dextrocardia.

We present a unique case of a fetus with dextrocardia, asplenia and a right bilobed lung in a primigravida woman in her 20s at 21 weeks' gestation. Prenatal ultrasound examination revealed dextrocardia and other anomalies such as atrioventricular septal defect and situs ambiguous with the gallbladder on the left, leading to termination of the pregnancy. Fetal autopsy confirmed the diagnosis, detected additional findings such as asplenia and right bilobed lung missed on ultrasound and highlighted the importance of autopsy in prenatal diagnosis.

Low oxygen microenvironment and cardiovascular remodeling: Role of dual L/N.type Ca channel blocker.

Objective: Patients exposed to chronic sustained hypoxia frequently develop cardiovascular disease risk factors to ultimately succumb to adverse cardiovascular events. In this context, the present study intends to assess the role of cilnidipine (Cil), a unique calcium channel blocker that blocks both L-type and N-type calcium channels, on cardiovascular pathophysiology in face of chronic sustained hypoxia exposure.

Materials And Methods: The study involved Wistar strain albino rats.

Cytological Diagnosis of Primary Cutaneous Aspergillosis Masquerading as Lipoma in a Known Case of Lepromatous Leprosy.

Primary cutaneous aspergillosis is a rare disease, caused by organisms like and . Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a simple and well established tool for the diagnosis of mycotic infections. We report a case of forearm swelling that presented clinically as lipoma in a known case of lepromatous leprosy.

Urothelial and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Renal Pelvis - A Rare Case Report.

Primary malignant tumors of the renal pelvis are relatively rare. Urothelial carcinoma of renal pelvis accounts for 7% of all renal neoplasms, with Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) forming a very small percentage of these cases. Urothelial and SCC of renal pelvis is still a rarer entity.

Chondromyxoid Fibroma of Radius: A Case Report.

Chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) is a rare benign cartilaginous tumour accounting to less than 1% of bone tumours. It is most commonly seen in lower extremity involving tibia. CMF of radius is rare.

Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome with Ovarian Endometriosis-A Rare Case Report.

Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome (PMDS) is a rare form of internal male pseudohermaphroditism, characterised by presence of Mullerian duct derivatives in a genotypic and phenotypic male. It is caused by absence of anti- Mullerian hormone or defective functioning of its receptors. We report a case of 19-year-old cryptorchid male with history of orchideopexy who was clinically and radiologically diagnosed as left sided chylocele.

Bilateral Cystic Lymphangioma of Ovary Associated with Chylous Ascites.

Intraabdominal cystic lymphangiomas are rare and are located in retroperitoneum, mesentery, omentum and other visceral organs. Lymphangiomas of the ovary are rare and are usually unilateral. Cases with bilateral cystic lymphangiomas of the ovary are reported very rarely in literature.

Adrenal cortex heterotopia in an undescended testis-a case report.

Heterotopic adrenal cortex is usually found in the kidney, retroperitoneum and spermatic cord. It is common among pediatric age group and rarely encountered in adults. Our case presented with swelling in the right inguinal region with on and off dragging pain.

Role of fetal autopsy as a complementary tool to prenatal ultrasound.

Aim: To correlate and compare prenatal ultrasound with fetal autopsy examination to detect structural births defects and provide specific diagnoses.

Methods: 141 second trimester fetuses (<20 weeks and <500 g) where pregnancy was terminated for structural birth defects and/or severe intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) or intra-uterine death, referred to our tertiary care private, teaching hospital were examined by a team of experienced pathologist and clinical geneticist. Findings of pathology examination were compared to those provided by ultrasound examination.