Publications by authors named "Savita Daruwalla"
Article Synopsis
- In 2018, the Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation launched a typhoid vaccine campaign aimed at children aged 9 months to 14 years.
- The study analyzed factors influencing vaccine receipt using statistical methods and found that school enrollment, low household income, and community-level socioeconomic status significantly increased vaccine uptake.
- The campaign effectively targeted and vaccinated underserved populations, improving access to healthcare among the most vulnerable demographics.
Typbar-TCV®, a typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV), was prequalified by the World Health Organization in 2017. We evaluated its effectiveness in a mass vaccination program targeting children 9 months to 14 years in Navi Mumbai, India, from September 2018 to July 2020. We compared laboratory-confirmed typhoid cases from six clinical sites with age-matched community controls.
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- The study involved whole-genome sequencing of 174 Typhi and 54 Paratyphi A samples in Navi Mumbai, focusing on the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance during a typhoid vaccine rollout.
- Most of the bacteria showed resistance to fluoroquinolones, with some carrying genetic mutations linked to ceftriaxone resistance, indicating independent evolution of resistant strains.
- Results revealed two main clades of Typhi in the area, suggesting repeated introductions of the bacteria and a strong correlation between genetic clustering of isolates and their geographical distance, emphasizing the need for better water and sanitation measures alongside vaccination efforts.
Background: The World Health Organization recommends vaccines for prevention and control of typhoid fever, especially where antimicrobial-resistant typhoid circulates. In 2018, the Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation (NMMC) implemented a typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) campaign. The campaign targeted all children aged 9 months through 14 years within NMMC boundaries (approximately 320 000 children) over 2 vaccination phases.
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