Improvement of bedside chest radiograph quality using a high ratio grid and an electronic angle meter for alignment.

An electronic level was used to ensure proper alignment of a high ratio grid at bedside chest radiography. The image quality was clearly improved. The method is inexpensive and simple to use.

Quality assurance of the bedside chest radiography process.

The bedside chest radiography process was analyzed in terms of modern quality management guidelines and the sources of quality problems were identified. In order to analyze systematically the various quality factors, the process was described in a top-down fashion with the aid of data flow diagrams. Two internal quality control points and one external point were found in the process.

The scatter-to-primary ratio as a function of varying X-ray absorption measured by computed radiography.

Some scatter studies have previously been conducted using film as a detector. The serious limitations caused by the narrow latitude, the non-linear density response, and the required optical densitometric measurements of film can be avoided by computed radiography (CR) which provides linear numeric data over a wide dynamic range. The imaging plate is used as a large-area detector and the data is analyzed from the computer memory.

Radiation exposure during percutaneous nephrostomy.

Radiation doses of radiologists, assistants and patients during 21 percutaneous nephrostomies (PN) (including 11 unilateral and 5 bilateral procedures) were measured using an area-exposure meter and thermoluminescent dosimeters. The mean fluoroscopy time per PN was 12 min and the mean product of air kerma and the cross-sectional area of the fluoroscopic beam was 8.0 (range 0.

Reduction of radiation scatter with a multiple pencil-beam imaging device.

A prototype device consisting of a focused array of several scanning collimator plates that produce multiple pencil beams has been constructed for radiographic imaging. Under normal imaging conditions, the scatter-to-primary ratio resulting from this device is less than 10%. High-contrast radiographs can be produced without increasing patient radiation dose.