First case of ichthyophonosis in farmed rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in Serbia.

Ichthyophonosis is a disease caused by the mesomycetozoean parasite Ichthyophonus hoferi that affects a variety of fish species, including rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum. This disease is characterized by granulomatous lesions and necrosis in various organs, which can have severe impacts on the health and welfare of the fish. Ichthyophonosis has been found in several parts of the world, including Europe, and is a significant concern in the aquaculture industry and for populations of wild marine fishes.

Molecular Detection of Porcine Cytomegalovirus, Porcine Parvovirus, Aujeszky Disease Virus and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Wild Boars Hunted in Serbia during 2023.

Porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV) infection is widespread worldwide and has a high prevalence in swine herds, especially in countries with intensive swine production. PCMV is zoonotic and can impact xenotransplants. It is the third swine virus known to be zoonotic, following swine influenza virus (influenza A) and hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEVgt3 or HEV-3).

First molecular confirmation of cyprinid herpesvirus 1 (CyHV1) in diseased carp in Serbia.

Mass mortality of farmed 1 yr old common carp Cyprinus carpio occurred at a carp farm in April 2022. In addition to high mortality, diseased fish exhibited papillomatous growths on the skin and fins, characteristic of carp pox. To investigate a possible viral cause, tissue samples were collected and nucleic acid was extracted using standard procedures.

Protein sequence features of H1N1 swine influenza A viruses detected on commercial swine farms in Serbia.

Introduction: Swine influenza A viruses (swIAVs) are characterised by high mutation rates and zoonotic and pandemic potential. In order to draw conclusions about virulence in swine and pathogenicity to humans, we examined the existence of molecular markers and accessory proteins, cross-reactivity with vaccine strains, and resistance to antiviral drugs in five strains of H1N1 swIAVs.

Material And Methods: Amino acid (AA) sequences of five previously genetically characterised swIAVs were analysed in MEGA 7.

First confirmation of salmonid alphavirus infection in rainbow trout in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia.

Sleeping disease is a highly infectious viral disease caused by salmonid alphavirus subtype 2 (SAV2 FW), affecting mainly rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss farmed in freshwater. During March to May 2014, disease episodes with clinical signs of sleeping disease in rainbow trout fingerlings occurred almost simultaneously in 2 trout farms located in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) and Serbia. The infection of rainbow trout with SAV2 FW in 2 farms was confirmed by virus isolation and molecular methods.

Morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics of the liver of swine naturally infected with hepatitis E virus.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV), the zoonotic agent of infectious hepatitis, is present in swine farms in different geographical areas. Little is known about the mechanism of liver damage and type of local immune response by HEV in swine. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics of hepatic lesions caused by hepatitis E virus in naturally infected swine.

A subspecies serovar Choleraesuis outbreak in weaned piglets in Serbia: clinical signs, pathologic changes, and microbiologic features.

subspecies serovar Choleraesuis is rarely detected in Europe, but the clinical disease has been reported in wild boars. We describe here the clinical findings, pathologic changes, and microbiologic features of swine salmonellosis caused by serovar Choleraesuis in weaned piglets in Serbia. In April 2019, on a large farrow-to-finish pig farm, increased mortality was reported in weaned piglets, marked by lethargy, anorexia, pyrexia, and respiratory distress.

Investigation of possible aetiological/triggering factors in porcine ear necrosis syndrome at a farrow-to-feeder pig system.

At a commercial farrow-to-feeder pig system with 2,100 sows in Serbia, lesions resembling porcine ear necrosis syndrome were observed in 80% of the weaned pigs at 45-50 days of age. Pathomorphological examinations were carried out on 10 pigs that had been found dead. The gross lesions ranged from mild, superficial dermatitis to severe, deep inflammation with exudation, ulceration and necrosis.

Molecular detection and characterization of Porcine Kobuvirus in domestic pigs and wild boars in Serbia.

Porcine Kobuvirus (PKV) infection is very common in pigs throughout the world. Since it has never been investigated in Serbia, to contribute to the knowledge of Porcine Kobuvirus, its role, and distribution, we tested 200 samples from domestic pigs and wild boars. From domestic pigs, 10 fecal, 22 spleen and 68 serum samples, and 100 spleen samples from wild boars were tested.

Seroprevalence of hepatitis E in pigs and wild boars in the region of the city Belgrade.

Introduction: Hepatitis E is considered an emerging human viral disease with many evidences of zoonotic nature of disease, and swine are the main reservoir of HEV. The aim of this study was to determine HEV seroprevalence in commercial pig farms, backyard pigs, slaughtered pigs and wild boars in the region of the city Belgrade.

Methodology: A total of 405 sera samples: 150 samples from 3 commercial pig farms, 70 samples from backyard pigs, 119 samples from slaughtered pigs and 66 samples from wild boars of the region of the city Belgrade, Serbia were analysed by commercial ELISA test.

Identification and genetic characterization of porcine circovirus 3 on pig farms in Serbia.

Backgroud: The presence of PCV3 genome has been detected in pigs affected by different clinical and pathological conditions as well as in healthy animals. Its presence has been reported in many countries of North and South America, Asia and Europe. However, there is no evidence of the presence and genetic characteristics of PCV3 in many European countries and especially the countries of the Balkan Peninsula.

Bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in wild boar.

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is one of the most economically important diseases of cattle. With its very high prevalence, cattle kept on pastures become a source of the virus for the wildlife which, due to their susceptibility, then easily can serve as a source for re-infections of cattle. Therefore, we investigated the BVDV infection in Serbian wild boar and assessed the role of wild boar in BVDV epidemiology including possible spreading to domestic species.

Enteritis associated with Clostridium perfringens type A in 9-month-old calves.

Four 9-month-old Simmental male calves were presented with a history of sudden death. The necropsy and microscopic findings allowed a diagnosis of enteritis and severe intraluminal hemorrhage with blood clots in the jejunum, suggestive of jejunal hemorrhage syndrome.

First occurrence of Paramphistomum microbothrium (Fischoeder 1901) in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Serbia.

Paramphistomum parasites identified by histology as Paramphistomum microbothrium were found in 18 of 34 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) intestines from central Serbia, examined between 1998 and 2004. This represents the first record of P. microbothrium in roe deer in Serbia.

Genetic diversity of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae isolates from conventional farrow-to-finish pig farms in Serbia.

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a primary agent associated with mycoplasma pneumonia and the porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC). Various reports have indicated that different strains of M. hyopneumoniae are circulating in the swine population.

Detection rates of the swine torque teno viruses (TTVs), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) in the livers of pigs with hepatitis.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are the most recently recognized causes of infectious hepatitis of pigs and may or may not act independently in the development of the disease. Recently it has been suggested that swine torque teno viruses (TTVs), in co-infections with some swine viral pathogens, may potentiate the severity of disease. In order to search for virological cofactors associated with infectious hepatitis in pigs, we investigated the liver tissues, to determine the presence of TTVs, PCV2 and HEV of naturally infected pigs and analysed the prevalence of both genogroups of the TTVs in the hepatitis lesions.