[Detection of leptospirosis infection in certain wild and domestic animals in Mongolia].

Aim: Serological examination for leptospirosis of domestic and certain species of wild animals in Mongolia.

Materials And Methods: Collection of material from domestic and wild animals was performed in 2009--2010 in 7 aimags (regions) of Eastern, Central and Southern Mongolia. Serological study of filter paper dried blood samples obtained from 51 specimens of cattle and small cattle, camels, and 545 specimens of rodents of various species was performed in microagglutination reaction (MAR) of leptospirae with 13 reference strains.

[Southern taiga combined natural foci of spirochetoses].

Aim: Study of possibility of existence of combined natural foci of spirochetoses (ixodes tick borrelioses and leptospiroses) in typical taiga forests, and their etiologic and reservoir-host structure.

Materials And Methods: Small mammals of 19 species were captured in 1992-2010 at a station in low-mountain southern taiga forests of Chusov area of Perm region. Borreliae were isolated by seeding urinary bladder or aural bioptates into BSK II medium, leptospirae--by seeding a suspension of kidney tissue into Vervoort-Wolf medium.

[Prevalence of the gene encoding the outer membrane lipoprotein LipL32 in leptospires of different taxons].

Primers flanking the fragment sized 677 bp have been constructed on the basis of nucleotide sequences of the gene encoding the outer membrane lipoprotein LipL32. PCR-analysis was used to reveal the prevalence of gene lipL32 among 73 Leptospiraceae family strains representing different genera and genomic species. The gene lipL32 appeared to be conservative across the pathogenic species.

[Anaerobic microbial associations degrading aromatic amino acids].

Anaerobic microbial associations have been isolated that degrade aromatic amino acids to methane and carbon dioxide at high rates. Significant differences between the morphological, cytological, and physiological traits of cultures isolated from samples of adapted and unadapted sludge are shown. The effects of cultivation temperature, illumination, and presence of mineral nitrogen and bicarbonate in the medium upon adaptation of enrichment cultures to substrates and subsequent behavior of the anaerobic associations have been studied.

[A polymerase chain reaction method for studying host persistence of pathogenic leptospira].

Polymerase chain reaction has for the first time been shown to be applicable to indication of Leptospira interrogans in the organs of infected animals with acute or chronic leptospirosis (on the model of golden syrian hamsters). Polymerase chain reaction is superior to microscopic and bacteriological analyses in identification of leptospirae in organ suspensions. The sensitivity of the technique is 1-10 cells per sample in studies of kidney or brain suspensions or 100-1000 cells in studies of liver suspensions.

[Concentrated irradiation as a stage of multimodal treatment of cancer of the proximal part of the stomach].

The postradiation changes in carcinoma of the proximal part of the stomach were studied in 32 patients: the parenchymal volume (PV), the damage index (DI), and the mitotic index (MI). The controls were 15 cases in which radiotherapy was not applied. Radiotherapy with large fractions (5 Gy 4 times daily) reduced the PV to 27 +/- 0.

[Experience of the use of histoautoradiography in vitro, using 3H-thymidine, for assessing the degree of radiation damage to rectal adenocarcinoma].

In vitro thymidine histoautoradiography was employed to measure labeling index in 18 moderately- and well-differentiated adenocarcinomas of the rectum before and after radiotherapy. After radiation labeling index fell from 13.8 +/- 3.

[A new strain of rat osteogenic sarcoma].

The report deals with a newly-developed strain of rat osteogenic sarcoma which has passed through 64 generations. The strain was obtained from rat primary osteogenic sarcoma induced by 32P treatment. It may be used in testing chemotherapeutic preparations and new drugs for radionuclide diagnosis of tumors.

[Studies of the properties of experimental melanoma using 75Se-methionine].

The radiometric method revealed increased tropism of 75Se-methionine to a tumour versus skin in 50 mice with Garding-Passy and B-16 melanomas. The obtained data may be used for a more comprehensive study on possibilities of the above labelled agent as an adjuvant radiodiagnostic substance.

[Sex differences in the effect of acylhydrazines on temperature and pain threshold and in pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution].

It was shown that acylhydrazines derivatives display high sex selectivity during the action on normal or elevated temperature and pain threshold. Tissue distribution and the pharmacokinetics of 125I- or 131-I-p-aminobenzhydrazide in the blood of males and females were different. It is assumed that essential differences in the structure of cell membranes of males and females underlie the sex differences in the pharmacological effects of acylhydrazines.

[Morphological evaluation of the degree of the damage to the tumor in preoperative irradiation in esophageal cancer].

Post-radiation changes were studied in 21 patients suffering from esophageal cancer who had undergone preoperative irradiation. The results of quantitative morphological analysis were compared with the data obtained from examination of 15 patients operated for tumors but unexposed to radiation. Tumor damage index proved to be 35.

[Quantitative criteria of radiation pathomorphosis in focal irradiation of rectal cancer].

One study group consisting of 22 patients received 4-5 focal doses of 6 Gy every other day (total dose--24-30 Gy, 1,400-1,600 NSD). There was a 15-20 day interval between radiation therapy commencement and surgery. Another 12 patients received 4 daily doses of 5 Gy (total dose--20 Gy, 1,140 NSD) and were operated on 24-48 hrs after irradiation.

[Use of radionuclides to study structural differences in mitochondrial and lysosomal membranes of normal and neoplastic cells].

Radionuclids 111In, 67Ga and Na275 SeO3 were seen accumulated in subcellular structures of transplanted and carcinogen-induced tumors of mice and rats. Lysosomes and mitochondria of tumor cells were labeled much less compared to the normal tissue. Maximal radioactivity was found in mitochondrial or lysosomal membranes, both in normal and tumor cells.

[Tropism of radiopharmacologic preparations in lymphogramulomatosis in mice].

In experiments on 75 female mice of line SJL/J with lymphograulomatosis, 75 female mice of the same line without lymphogranulomatosis and intact non-lineal mice, the authors have studied the labelled tumorigenic compounds: indium-111, gallium-67-citrates and sodium selenium-75-selenite. It was found that only sodium selenium-75-selenite possesses an enhanced ability to be accumulated in lymphogranulomatosis involved lymph nodes in mice. Whereas indium-111 and gallium-67-citrates contrary to the literature data available showed no enhanced tropism to lymph nodes of mice with lymphogranulomatosis.

[Study of the tropism of sodium Selenium-75-selenite to experimental cancer of the mammary gland].

On 25 rats with DMBA induced mammary gland adenocarcinoma, there was shown the capacity of a tumoritropic labelled preparation sodium selenium-75-selenite be be absorbed by tumors in the amounts exceeding those in the adjacent muscle days after the administration. A coefficient of the differential accumulation characterizing the level of the isotope uptake by a tumor during the whole period of observation was 3--4. First, there was shown the possibility to use the model of mammary gland tumors induced by DMBA to test labelled tumoritropic compounds.

[Effect of thyroxine on radioactive iodine accumulation in the thyroid glands of hemithyroidectomized rats of different ages].

Experiments were carried out on hemithyroidectomized male rats aged from 2 to 20 months. Thyroxin administration in a dose of 1 microgram per 100 g of body weight on the 5th day of the experiment led to significantly greater suppression of radioiodine accumulation in the lobe of the thyroid gland remaining after the operation in 16--20-month-old rats in comparison with 2--2 1/2-month-old animals. The data obtained confirmed a conclusion drawn earlier on the reduction with ageing of the hypothalamo-hypophysial threshold to the homeostatic thyroxin inhibition.

[Enzymohistochemical and immunomorphological study of experimental thyroid gland carcinoma].

A total of 8 medullary carcinimas, 134 adenomas of C-cells, 32 solid focal over-growths of C-cells, and 124 normal thyroid glands of rats were investigated by histochemical, immunomorphological and histological methods. Modullary carcinomas were characterized by a high enzymes of hydrolysis of ethers of carboxylic acids, tissue respiration, and by a moderate or low activity of enzymes of the initial link of glycolysis, oxidative deamination, synthesis of amino acids, hydrolysis of monoethers of orthophosphoric acid, pentose and citric acid cycles. In medullary carcinomas, as well as in normal C-cells and adenomas of C-cells, there was revealed the phenomenon of occult metachromasia with the absence of a microsomal tissue-specific antigen and direct reaction to amyloid.

[Study of gallium-67 citrate distribution in rat tumors].

In rats with transplantable tumors of different histological structure the authors have studied the dynamics of gallium-67 citrate distribution in tumors, adjacent tissues and blood. It has been found that gallium-67 is able to be accumulated in increased amounts in all tumors irrespective of their histological type. Tumor image in scannograms was mostly distinct on the 2--3d day after injection of gallium-67 citrate, when there was the greatest difference in accumulation of the isotope in the tumor and surrounding "intact" tissues.