Stability of the tranquilizer drug propionylpromazine hydrochloride in formulated products.

An analytical method to evaluate propionylpromazine hydrochloride (PPZHCl) in tranquilizer formulations was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). During analysis of aged quality-control samples, a previously unreported chromatographic response was observed at a shorter retention time than PPZHCl. Further investigation of formulations stored in trap tap devices at temperatures ranging from 5 to 40 degrees C during field trials at four different locations confirmed the degradation of the active ingredient.

Risk assessment of an acetaminophen baiting program for chemical control of brown tree snakes on Guam: evaluation of baits, snake residues, and potential primary and secondary hazards.

The brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis) is a significant ecological, agricultural, and economic pest on Guam. Acetaminophen has recently been identified as a promising snake toxicant. Subsequent experimentation has shown that acetaminophen-mouse baits are readily consumed by and acutely toxic to browntree snakes.

Quantitation of pyrethrum residues in brown tree snakes.

A reversed-phase solid-phase extraction-gas chromatography (SPE-GC)-electron capture detection method is developed to quantitate individual rethrin residues in pyrethrum-exposed brown tree snakes. Aliquots (6 g) of homogenized snake tissue are extracted with 10 mL acetonitrile. The rethrins are recovered from the acetonitrile extract and concentrated using C8 SPE.

Acceptance of simulated oral rabies vaccine baits by urban raccoons.

In summer 1986, a study was conducted to evaluate raccoon (Procyon lotor) acceptance of oral baits that could be used for rabies vaccination. One thousand wax-coated sponge bait cubes were filled with 5 mg of a seromarker (iophenoxic acid), placed in polyethylene bags, and hand-distributed in an 80 ha area within an urban National Park in Washington, D. C.

Plasma marking of arctic foxes with iophenoxic acid.

Six arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) were marked with iophenoxic acid (IA), a substance which elevates concentrations of protein-bound iodine in blood plasma. Buccal absorption of IA was determined by placing 20 mg IA dissolved in 100% ethyl alcohol on the tongue. Blood samples collected from 1 to 36 wk following exposure showed that all foxes were marked already at 1 wk and continued until 13 wk; two foxes were still marked at 36 wk.

Gas chromatographic analysis of coyote and magpie tissues for residues of compound 1080 (sodium fluoroacetate).

Tissues of coyotes and magpies administered known dosages of 1080 were analyzed for residues by an analytical method specifying gas chromatography and electron capture detection. The repeatability of the method was determined for the replicate analyses of coyote muscle tissue samples aged under different storage conditions. The average coefficient of variation (CV) was 6% for quadruplicate determinations of 1080 in fresh tissues, 12-14% for samples stored at - 10 degrees C for 30-60 days, and 24% for samples aged for 7 days at ambient temperatures.

Alkyl chain length and acute oral toxicity of p-aminophenones.

There exists a structure-toxicity relationship between the length of the alkyl chain of p-aminopropiophenone homologues and their oral LD50's in albino mice and rats. The acute oral toxicity decreased in both species with the removal of one carbon atom from the alkyl group, increased with the addition of one and two carbon atoms, and decreased again with the addition of three carbon atoms to the alkyl group.