Patterns of infant-only wake bouts and night feeds during early infancy: An exploratory study using actigraphy in mother-father-infant triads.

Background: Infants' ability to fall back to sleep without parental involvement may reduce nighttime feeding frequency.

Objective: We describe the associations between infant-only wake bouts ("self-soothing") and nighttime feeds using actigraphy from 6 to 24 weeks of age.

Methods: Mother-father-infant triads (N = 20) wore sleep monitors, and mothers recorded infant night feeds, when infants were 6, 15 and 24 weeks of age.

A Fourth Trimester Action Plan for Wellness.

Expectant mothers/couples often report planning for early parenting is overwhelming. Lack of anticipatory planning makes evident the need for providers, like childbirth educators, to assist expectant parents in minimizing or eliminating the problems associated with the transition to the fourth trimester, early parenthood. Planning for birth should extend beyond labor and birth to include the weeks following.

Microglial physiological properties and interactions with synapses are altered at presymptomatic stages in a mouse model of Huntington's disease pathology.

Background: Huntington's disease (HD) is a dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disorder that affects cognitive and motor abilities by primarily targeting the striatum and cerebral cortex. HD is caused by a mutation elongating the CAG repeats within the Huntingtin gene, resulting in HTT protein misfolding. Although the genetic cause of HD has been established, the specific susceptibility of neurons within various brain structures has remained elusive.

Preliminary investigation of a multimodal enhanced brain function index among high school and collegiate concussed male and female athletes.

: The primary purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal effects of sports-related concussion (SRC) on a multi-faceted assessment battery which included neuropsychological testing, symptom reporting, and enhanced brain function index (eBFI) among athletes with and without SRC. A secondary purpose was to explore longitudinal sex differences among these measures in athletes with and without SRC. : A case-control, repeated-measures design was used for this study.

A comparison of endovascular strategies in the treatment of ruptured vertebral artery aneurysms.

Background: Contemporary management of ruptured vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms (VADA) has evolved beyond proximal parent artery occlusion (PPAO) to include endovascular trapping (ET) of the diseased segment and vessel preserving stent treatments. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to assess the outcomes of patients with ruptured VADAs who underwent endovascular management with trapping of the diseased segment as the first-line treatment approach.

Methods: We evaluated an institutional database of patients with ruptured VADAs who were treated at Auckland City Hospital from 1998 to 2017.

Dietary alterations modulate the microRNA 29/30 and IGF-1/AKT signaling axis in breast Cancer liver metastasis.

Background: Metastatic cancer is incurable and understanding the molecular underpinnings is crucial to improving survival for our patients. The IGF-1/Akt signaling pathway is often impaired in cancer leading to its progression and metastases. Diet modification is known to alter the IGF-1/Akt pathway and affect the expression of microRNA involved in tumor initiation, growth and metastases.

Pembrolizumab in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer of performance status 2 (PePS2): a single arm, phase 2 trial.

Background: Therapeutic blockade of the axis of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) has transformed the management of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Clinical trials with pembrolizumab have enrolled patients with performance status (PS) 0-1. However, around 18% of patients with NSCLC are PS2, and the activity and safety of pembrolizumab in these patients is unclear.

Phase I trial of WEE1 inhibition with chemotherapy and radiotherapy as adjuvant treatment, and a window of opportunity trial with cisplatin in patients with head and neck cancer: the trial protocol.

Introduction: Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with locally advanced disease often require multimodality treatment with surgery, radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Adjuvant radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy is offered to patients with high-risk pathological features postsurgery. While cure rates are improved, overall survival remains suboptimal and treatment has a significant negative impact on quality of life.

Primary Breast Carcinoma of the Vulva Metastatic to Lymph Nodes and Bones: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: Primary breast carcinoma can occur at ectopic sites. The axilla is the most common site of ectopic primary breast cancer, but presentation in the vulva is rare. We discuss a rare presentation of primary breast carcinoma of the vulva with distant lymph node and bone metastases in a premenopausal woman.

Reinforcing vasal suture technique improves sperm concentration and pregnancy rates in men undergoing vasovasostomy for vasectomy reversal.

Background: Vasovasostomy (VV) is a well-described surgical technique with few notable modifications since microsurgical adaptation in the 1970s. Although contemporary reversal success rates are 70-90%, these most often are based on a lenient definition of >0 sperm (patency) and include only VV procedures. With stricter definitions, success rates drop >30%.

The perceived efficacy and utility of spine bioskills curricula for resident and fellow education.

The purpose of this study is to assess the role of bioskills in orthopaedic and neurosurgical resident education. A survey of the utilization and perceived efficacy of bioskills was submitted to Lumbar Spine Research Society (LSRS) members. 36/104 surgeons responded, including 25 orthopaedic, 7 neurosurgical, and 4 integrated respondents.

Author Correction: Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies new loci and functional pathways influencing Alzheimer's disease risk.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Subtle sequence variations alter tripartite complex kinetics and G-quadruplex dynamics in RNA aptamer Broccoli.

Though extensively utilized, the fluorescent RNA aptamer Broccoli is poorly characterized with an unknown structure. Spectroscopic and kinetic investigations of tripartite complex formation reveal surprising differences between Broccoli and Spinach aptamers despite extreme sequence conservation. Our studies highlight how subtle sequence variations impart functional consequences of G-quadruplex-cation interactions in RNA.

Does the Role of A Rapid Triage Provider Improve Pain Control in an Academic Pediatric Emergency Department?

Pediatric pain control in the emergency department (ED) remains problematic. This quantifiable metric may be positively affected by the utilization of a rapid triage provider (RTP). This is a retrospective case control study of pediatric patients requiring either ketorelac intravenous (IV) or morphine IV for painful conditions.

Correction to: A nonsynonymous mutation in PLCG2 reduces the risk of Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and frontotemporal dementia, and increases the likelihood of longevity.

The IPDGC (The International Parkinson Disease Genomics Consortium) and EADB (Alzheimer Disease European DNA biobank) are listed correctly as an author to the article, however, they were incorrectly listed more than once.

Microglial Ultrastructure in the Hippocampus of a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Sickness Mouse Model.

Sickness behavior is a set of behavioral changes induced by infections and mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. It is characterized by fatigue, decreased appetite and weight loss, changes in sleep patterns, cognitive functions, and lost interest in social activity. It can expedite recovery by conserving energy to mount an immune response involving innate immunity.

System Identification Approaches For Energy Intake Estimation: Enhancing Interventions For Managing Gestational Weight Gain.

Excessive maternal weight gain during pregnancy represents a major public health concern that calls for novel and effective gestational weight management interventions. In (HMZ), an on-going intervention study, energy intake underreporting has been found to be an important consideration that interferes with accurate weight control assessment, and the effective use of energy balance models in an intervention setting. In this paper, a series of estimation approaches that address measurement noise and measurement losses are developed to better understand the extent of energy intake underreporting.

The Intervention Nurses Start Infants Growing on Healthy Trajectories (INSIGHT) responsive parenting intervention for firstborns impacts feeding of secondborns.

Background: The Intervention Nurses Start Infant Growing on Healthy Trajectories (INSIGHT) study's responsive parenting (RP) intervention, initiated in early infancy, prevented the use of nonresponsive, controlling feeding practices and promoted use of structure-based feeding among first-time parents compared with controls.

Objectives: We sought to examine the spillover effect of the RP intervention on maternal feeding practices with their secondborn (SB) infants enrolled in an observational-only study, SIBSIGHT, and to test the moderating effect of spacing of births.

Methods: SB infants of mothers participating in the INSIGHT study were enrolled into the observation-only ancillary study, SIBSIGHT.

Aseptic Meningitis as an Immune-Related Adverse Event after Pembrolizumab.

Introduction: The management of patients with advanced malignancies is challenging, although recent advances with immunotherapy have shown better outcomes. Pembrolizumab has been associated with a variety of immune-related side effects, but the occurrence of aseptic meningitis is rare.

Case: A 55-year-old male with a history of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma previously treated with pembrolizumab presented with persistent severe headaches and photophobia.

Food insecurity is associated with suboptimal sleep quality, but not sleep duration, among low-income Head Start children of pre-school age.

Objective: To examine the association between food insecurity and child sleep outcomes and to investigate whether parent psychosocial factors mediate such associations.

Design: Cross-sectional study. Usual wake time and bedtime, bedtime routine and sleep quality were reported by parents using the adapted Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire.

Effects of Operating Room Size on Surgical Site Infection Following Lumbar Fusion Surgery.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) represent a devastating complication after spine surgery. Many factors have been identified, but the influence of operating room (OR) size on infection rate has not been assessed.

Methods: Two thousand five hundred and twenty-three patients who underwent open lumbar spine fusion at a single institution between 2010 and 2016 were included.

Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor for Cystic Fibrosis with a Single Phe508del Allele.

Background: Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, and nearly 90% of patients have at least one copy of the Phe508del mutation. In a phase 2 trial involving patients who were heterozygous for the Phe508del mutation and a minimal-function mutation (Phe508del-minimal function genotype), the next-generation CFTR corrector elexacaftor, in combination with tezacaftor and ivacaftor, improved Phe508del CFTR function and clinical outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to confirm the efficacy and safety of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor in patients 12 years of age or older with cystic fibrosis with Phe508del-minimal function genotypes.

Genetic mapping and evolutionary analysis of human-expanded cognitive networks.

Cognitive brain networks such as the default-mode network (DMN), frontoparietal network, and salience network, are key functional networks of the human brain. Here we show that the rapid evolutionary cortical expansion of cognitive networks in the human brain, and most pronounced the DMN, runs parallel with high expression of human-accelerated genes (HAR genes). Using comparative transcriptomics analysis, we present that HAR genes are differentially more expressed in higher-order cognitive networks in humans compared to chimpanzees and macaques and that genes with high expression in the DMN are involved in synapse and dendrite formation.