Mental retardation and neurological deficits in a twin orangutan.

The second born of a pair of twin orangutans displayed marked behavioral disabilities. To evaluate these disabilities, a series of cognitive, learning, and neurological tests were administered to both twins. The disabled twin showed marked retardation in delayed response and oddity problems and an inability to use tools.

Direct action of 4-aminopyridine on the contractility of a fast-contracting muscle in the cat.

1. The effects of 4-aminopyridine on the contractility of the fast-contracting tibialis anterior and the slow-contracting soleus muscles of cats under chloralose anaesthesia have been studied. 2.

Actions of 4-aminopyridine on the cardiovascular systems of anaesthetized cats and dogs.

The effects of the anti-curare agent 4-aminopyridine on the cardiovascular systems of cats and greyhounds under barbiturate-chloralose anaesthesia have been studied. In both species, 4-amino-pyridine produced a transient atropine-sensitive decrease in arterial pressure followed by a prolonged adrenergically-mediated increase. In the cat, the cardiac responses to vagal stimulation and nictitating membrane responses to sympathetic stimulation were augmented after injection of 4-aminopyridine, and the evidence indicated that these effects were the results of increased release of neurotransmitters.

The eosinophil in the inflammatory response to cercarial challenge of sensitized and chronically infected CBA/J mice.

Sensitized or chronically infected CBA/J mice were challenged percutaneously with cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni. Early inflammatory response was characterized by edema and neutrophil infiltration directed toward penetration tracks; chief pathology associated with schistosomula was localized disruption of epithelial cell relationships, except in areas of desmosomes. By 24 hours eosinophils were the prominent cells in the inflammatory reaction, with large numbers replacing neutrophils in penetration tracks.

Histoplasma capsulatum endocarditis cured by amphotericin B combined with surgery.

A patient is reported who had Histoplasma capsulatum endocarditis, a rare form of disseminated histoplasmosis. He also had disseminated intravascular coagulopathy and defects in cell-mediated immune responses to Histoplasma antigens. Prompt etiologic diagnosis was made by stain of tissue from a mouth ulcer and confirmed by culture of the organism from blood.

Partial characterization of two stable auxotrophic cell strains of Datura innoxia Mill.

A growth analysis of several presumptive "leaky" auxotrophs from Datura innoxia suspension cultures led to the discovery of an adenine-requiring cultures led to the discovery of an adenine-requiring cell strain (Ad1). Both Ad1 and Pn1, a pantothenate-requiring strain isolated earlier from these cultures, still require either adenine or pantothenate for growth after more than one year in culture. Attempts to select prototrophic revertants have failed.

Experimental murine amyloidosis II: effect of penicillamine therapy.

D-penicillamine was used in 2 different doses to treat experimental amyloidosis in mice. No beneficial effect, as measured by duration of survival or amount of amyloid in the liver, could be demonstrated.

Structural investigation of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella serotype K12.

Klebsiella K12 capsular polysaccharide has been investigated by the techniques of methylation, Smith degradation-periodate oxidation, uronic acid degradation, and partial hydrolysis, in conjunction with 1H-n.m.r.

Transferrin-dependent growth inhibition of yeast-phase Histoplasma capsulatum by human serum and lymph.

Nonspecific host defense mechanisms that may limit growth of yeast-phase Histoplasma capsulatum in vivo were examined using an in vitro system of cell-free liquid culture. Native human transferrin in serum and lymph, or purified transferrin added to serum-free medium, inhibited yeast replication 10- to 50-fold. Supplementation of serum with iron to complete or almost complete saturation of total iron-binding capacity neutralized inhibition.

Gallium-67 scan: aid to diagnosis and treatment of renal and perirenal infections.

Abnormal uptake of gallium by kidneys was seen in 8 patients with sepsis. When employed judiciously, gallium scanning is valuable for investigation of renal and perirenal inflammatory lesions.

Immunological state of patients with carcinoma of the bronchus before and after radiotherapy.

The immunological state of 30 patients with carcinoma of the bronchus was assessed before and after radiotherapy by lymphocyte response to PHA and E and EAC rosette formation. The results were compared with those from age-matched patients with benign chest disease and a group of healthy control subjects. Differences were found between the three groups and decreased immunological responses were found to correlate with shorter survival times for patients with cancer of the bronchus.

Bacteremia related to IV cannulation: variability of underlying venous infection.

During 1977, 22 of 66 cases of nosocomial bacteremia in our hospital were directly or indirectly attributable to infection from the intravenous (IV) site. IV-site-related bacteremia (IVSRB) occurred most frequently in patients with serious underlying disease. The characteristic clinical picture was one of fever, tachycardia, and hypotension.

Histological appearances of the gastric mucosa 15--27 years after partial gastrectomy.

Sixty-three patients, who had had a partial gastrectomy 15--27 years previously, were examined by endoscopy and multiple mucosal biopsies. No patient had a completely normal gastric mucosa; they showed varying degrees of gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia: 21% had significant dysplasia, and these are regarded as an 'at-risk' group requiring frequent follow-up examinations. One patient had severe dysplasia (carcinoma-in-situ), but no case of infiltrating carcinoma was found.

Apparent cure of intracranial Nocardia asteroides infection by minocycline.

Currently preferred therapy for CNS Nocardia infection is high-dose sulfonamide coupled with surgical drainage. Neither of these could be used in our patient; this led to therapy with minocycline alone. Several months after completion of minocycline therapy, the patient apparently is cured.

Symptomatic hypomagnesemia associated with gentamicin therapy.

A 57-year-old male developed hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia and hypocalcemia during the course of repeated gentamicin therapy. Renal wasting of magnesium and potassium was demonstrated. Associated endocrine abnormalities included decreased level of serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone and increased levels of plasma renin and aldosterone.