Cervical ripening balloon compared with vaginal dinoprostone for cervical ripening in obese women at term: A prospective cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate vaginal delivery in obese women who underwent cervical ripening at term using a dinoprostone vaginal insert or a cervical ripening balloon (CRB), and to assess maternal and neonatal morbidity according to the method.

Methods: A prospective cohort study including obese women with a live singleton fetus in cephalic presentation who required cervical ripening at term (≥37 weeks) for maternal and/or fetal disease using a dinoprostone vaginal insert or a CRB. The primary outcome was vaginal delivery.

Assessment of Mendelian and risk-factor genes in Alzheimer disease: A prospective nationwide clinical utility study and recommendations for genetic screening.

Purpose: To assess the likely pathogenic/pathogenic (LP/P) variants rates in Mendelian dementia genes and the moderate-to-strong risk factors rates in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD).

Methods: We included 700 patients in a prospective study and performed exome sequencing. A panel of 28 Mendelian and 6 risk-factor genes was interpreted and returned to patients.

Agricultural activities and risk of Alzheimer's disease: the TRACTOR project, a nationwide retrospective cohort study.

Data regarding Alzheimer's disease (AD) occurrence in farming populations is lacking. This study aimed to investigate whether, among the entire French farm manager (FM) workforce, certain agricultural activities are more strongly associated with AD than others, using nationwide data from the TRACTOR (Tracking and monitoring occupational risks in agriculture) project. Administrative health insurance data (digital electronic health/medical records and insurance claims) for the entire French agricultural workforce, over the period 2002-2016, on the entire mainland France were used to estimate the risk of AD for 26 agricultural activities with Cox proportional hazards model.

Phenotype and imaging features associated with APP duplications.

Background: APP duplication is a rare genetic cause of Alzheimer disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). We aimed to evaluate the phenotypes of APP duplications carriers.

Methods: Clinical, radiological, and neuropathological features of 43 APP duplication carriers from 24 French families were retrospectively analyzed, and MRI features and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers were compared to 40 APP-negative CAA controls.

Associations among hypertension, dementia biomarkers, and cognition: The MEMENTO cohort.

Introduction: Approximately 40% of dementia cases could be delayed or prevented acting on modifiable risk factors including hypertension. However, the mechanisms underlying the hypertension-dementia association are still poorly understood.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in 2048 patients from the MEMENTO cohort, a French multicenter clinic-based study of outpatients with either isolated cognitive complaints or mild cognitive impairment.

Suspected neurodevelopmental disorders in adult patients of memory clinics: Start at the beginning. GREDEV proposals for clinical practice.

Neurodevelopmental disorders are frequent but underestimated in adult populations, even though the cognitive profile of those affected remains atypical throughout adulthood and the disorders can cause significant impairment in activities of daily living. Retrospective diagnosis in this population is challenging. In this article, the GREDEV (working group for the assessment of neurodevelopmental disorders in adults) proposes a brief screening questionnaire for patients with suspected neurodevelopmental disorders, a checklist to facilitate taking the patient history, a list of self-administered questionnaires, and the different key steps of diagnosing neurodevelopmental disorders in adults.

Validity and Performance of Blood Biomarkers for Alzheimer Disease to Predict Dementia Risk in a Large Clinic-Based Cohort.

Background And Objective: Blood biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD) have consistently proven to be associated with CSF or PET biomarkers and effectively discriminate AD from other neurodegenerative diseases. Our aim was to test their utility in clinical practice, from a multicentric unselected prospective cohort where patients presented with a large spectrum of cognitive deficits or complaints.

Methods: The MEMENTO cohort enrolled 2,323 outpatients with subjective cognitive complaint (SCC) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) consulting in 26 French memory clinics.

Prodromal characteristics of dementia with Lewy bodies: baseline results of the MEMENTO memory clinics nationwide cohort.

Background: Isolated subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are the prodromal phases of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). MEMENTO is a nationwide study of patients with SCI and MCI with clinic, neuropsychology, biology, and brain imaging data. We aimed to compare SCI and MCI patients with symptoms of prodromal DLB to others in this study at baseline.

Plasma NfL levels and longitudinal change rates in and -associated diseases: from tailored references to clinical applications.

Objective: Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a promising biomarker in genetic frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We evaluated plasma neurofilament light chain (pNfL) levels in controls, and their longitudinal trajectories in and cohorts from presymptomatic to clinical stages.

Methods: We analysed pNfL using Single Molecule Array (SiMoA) in 668 samples (352 baseline and 316 follow-up) of and patients, presymptomatic carriers (PS) and controls aged between 21 and 83.

Diabetes Mellitus and Cognition: Pathway Analysis in the MEMENTO Cohort.

Objective: To assess the role of biomarkers of Alzheimer disease (AD), neurodegeneration, and small vessel disease (SVD) as mediators in the association between diabetes mellitus and cognition.

Methods: The study sample was derived from MEMENTO, a cohort of French adults recruited in memory clinics and screened for either isolated subjective cognitive complaints or mild cognitive impairment. Diabetes was defined based on blood glucose assessment, use of antidiabetic agent, or self-report.

Clinical relevance of brain atrophy subtypes categorization in memory clinics.

Introduction: The clinical relevance of brain atrophy subtypes categorization in non-demented persons without a priori knowledge regarding their amyloid status or clinical presentation is unknown.

Methods: A total of 2083 outpatients with either subjective cognitive complaint or mild cognitive impairment at study entry were followed during 4 years (MEMENTO cohort). Atrophy subtypes were defined using baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and previously described algorithms.

Impact of emotionally negative information on attentional processes in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease.

Impairments of emotional processing have been reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD), consistently with the existence of early amygdala atrophy in the pathology. In this study, we hypothesized that patients with AD might show a deficit of orientation toward emotional information under conditions of visual search. Eighteen patients with AD, 24 age-matched controls, and 35 young controls were eye-tracked while they performed a visual search task on a computer screen.

A combination of total tau and neurofilaments discriminates between neurodegenerative and primary psychiatric disorders.

Background And Purpose: Neuropsychiatric symptoms are commonly observed in neurodegenerative diseases. No biomarker is currently available to diagnose psychiatric conditions. As a consequence, the distinction between psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders can be challenging in daily practice.

Plasma progranulin levels for frontotemporal dementia in clinical practice: a 10-year French experience.

GRN mutations are frequent causes of familial frontotemporal degeneration. Although there is no clear consensual threshold, plasma progranulin levels represent an efficient biomarker for predicting GRN mutations when decreased. We evaluated plasma levels to determine whether it could also predict age at onset, clinical phenotype, or disease progression in 160 GRN carriers.

Causative Mutations and Genetic Risk Factors in Sporadic Early Onset Alzheimer's Disease Before 51 Years.

Background: Pathogenic variants in the autosomal dominant genes PSEN1, PSEN2, or APP, APOE4 alleles, and rare variants within TREM2, SORL1, and ABCA7 contribute to early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD). However, sporadic EOAD patients have been insufficiently studied to define the probability of being a carrier of one of these variants.

Objective: To describe the proportion of each genetic variation among patients with very young-onset sporadic AD.

C9orf72 Protein Plasmatic Concentrations Are Similar between C9ORF72 Expansion Carriers and Noncarriers in Frontotemporal Dementia.

Background/aims: The aim of the study was to assess the theory of haploinsufficiency in C9ORF72 expansion carriers, the most frequent causative gene of frontotemporal dementia.

Methods: Plasmatic concentrations of C9orf72 protein were measured in 33 patients suspected of familial frontotemporal dementia using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results: No difference was observed between C9ORF72 expansion carriers (21.

Early Emotional Attention is Impacted in Alzheimer's Disease: An Eye-Tracking Study.

Emotional deficits have been repetitively reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD) without clearly identifying how emotional processing is impaired in this pathology. This paper describes an investigation of early emotional processing, as measured by the effects of emotional visual stimuli on a saccadic task involving both pro (PS) and anti (AS) saccades. Sixteen patients with AD and 25 age-matched healthy controls were eye-tracked while they had to quickly move their gaze toward a positive, negative, or neutral image presented on a computer screen (in the PS condition) or away from the image (in the AS condition).

APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 mutations in early-onset Alzheimer disease: A genetic screening study of familial and sporadic cases.

Background: Amyloid protein precursor (APP), presenilin-1 (PSEN1), and presenilin-2 (PSEN2) mutations cause autosomal dominant forms of early-onset Alzheimer disease (AD-EOAD). Although these genes were identified in the 1990s, variant classification remains a challenge, highlighting the need to colligate mutations from large series.

Methods And Findings: We report here a novel update (2012-2016) of the genetic screening of the large AD-EOAD series ascertained across 28 French hospitals from 1993 onwards, bringing the total number of families with identified mutations to n = 170.

Morphologic and neuropsychological patterns in patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: We conducted a retrospective study to identify morphological subgroups of patients referred for AD or aMCI and to seek for differences across neuropsychological performances.

Methods: One hundred forty-five patients (mean age = 76.01, 88 women and 57 men) referred for AD, either at the stage of dementia or aMCI, were examined using structural MRI.

Screening of dementia genes by whole-exome sequencing in early-onset Alzheimer disease: input and lessons.

Causative variants in APP, PSEN1 or PSEN2 account for a majority of cases of autosomal dominant early-onset Alzheimer disease (ADEOAD, onset before 65 years). Variant detection rates in other EOAD patients, that is, with family history of late-onset AD (LOAD) (and no incidence of EOAD) and sporadic cases might be much lower. We analyzed the genomes from 264 patients using whole-exome sequencing (WES) with high depth of coverage: 90 EOAD patients with family history of LOAD and no incidence of EOAD in the family and 174 patients with sporadic AD starting between 51 and 65 years.

[Neurologic diseases in a rural tropical area: experience at a primary health care center in the Boeny region of Madagascar].

There is, to our knowledge, no study reporting the demand for health care related to neurological diseases in rural tropical areas of developing countries. Neurology is nonetheless more or less closely related to the priority health issues in these countries. Over a 6-week period, 626 patients were seen at the primary health center in the town of Madirovalo, Madagascar.

Additional use of Aβ₄₂/Aβ₄₀ ratio with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers P-tau and Aβ₄₂ increases the level of evidence of Alzheimer's disease pathophysiological process in routine practice.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers have recently been included in the criteria for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Since interpretation of CSF profile requires the combination of three parameters, biological data are not always conclusive and isolated elevation of phosphorylated tau (P-tau) or reduction of amyloid-β (Aβ)42 alone can be observed. In these cases, Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio could be more relevant than Aβ42 absolute values by considering inter-individual variations in the total amyloid load.

DCTN1 mutation analysis in families with progressive supranuclear palsy-like phenotypes.

Importance: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is usually sporadic, but few pedigrees with familial clustering of PSP-like phenotypes have been described. Occasionally, MAPT, C9ORF72, and TARDBP mutations have been identified.

Objective: To analyze the DCTN1 gene in 19 families with a clinical phenotype of PSP (PSP-like phenotype).