Economic effects of policy options restricting antimicrobial use for high risk cattle placed in U.S. feedlots.

The rising public health threat of antimicrobial resistance, the influence of food service companies, as well as the overall lack of positive image of using medical products in intensive farming are major drivers curbing antimicrobial use. In the future, government policies may affect practices of antimicrobial use in beef production in feedlots, a prominent current user of antimicrobials in animal agriculture, but also the agricultural industry generating the highest cash receipt in the U.S.

Pressure ulcers prevention efficacy of an alternating pressure air mattress in elderly patients: E²MAO a randomised study.

Objective: Our aim was to compare Axtair One, an alternating pressure air mattress (APAM), with a viscoelastic foam mattress (VFM) in elderly patients at moderate to high risk of developing pressure ulcers (PUs).

Method: A randomised, controlled, superiority, parallel-group, open-label, multicentre study, was conducted, between February 2012 and March 2015, in nine French, medium- and long-term stay facilities. Eligible patients were aged 70 and over, had no PUs on enrolment, were bedridden for at least 15 hours per day, had reduced mobility, an absent or minimal positioning capability, a Braden score <14, a nutritional status score >12 and a Karnofsky score <40%.

Locomotion control of Caenorhabditis elegans through confinement.

The model organism Caenorhabditis elegans shows two distinct locomotion patterns in laboratory situations: it swims in low viscosity liquids and it crawls on the surface of an agar gel. This provides a unique opportunity to discern the respective roles of mechanosensation (perception and proprioception) and mechanics in the regulation of locomotion and in the gait selection. Using an original device, we present what to our knowledge are new experiments where the confinement of a worm between a glass plate and a soft agar gel is controlled while recording the worm's motion.

An elasto-hydrodynamical model of friction for the locomotion of Caenorhabditis elegans.

Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is one of the most studied organisms by biologists. Composed of around one thousand cells, easy to culture and to modify genetically, it is a good model system to address fundamental physiological questions and in particular to investigate neuromuscular processes.

[Genetic origin of non-syndromic cleft lip and palate. TWIST, a candidate gene? Research protocol].

Non syndromic cleft lip and palate (CLP) is the most frequent human malformation. CLP is of complex inheritance and at least twenty contributing chromosomal regions have been identified by linkage studies. On the other hand, mutations in several genes such as TWIST and FGFR2 result in syndromic cranio-facial abnormalities of highly variable range.

[Jejunal perforation by a fish bone diagnosed by CT-Scan: report of two cases].

The authors relate two cases of peritonitis secondary to jejunal perforation by a fish bone. Clinically, the first patient presented signs and symptoms of acute diverticulitis and the second had signs of duodenal perforation. In both cases, the diagnosis was made by the CT-scan revealing a linear radio-opaque object suggestive of a fish bone perforating the jejunum.

[Original dorsal plasty of the glans in distal hypospadias].

Unlabelled: The long-term follow-up of patients operated for hypospadias often reveals progressive recession of the neo-meatus, even when it is initially correctly situated.

Material And Method: To overcome this disadvantage, we decided to prolong the glanular groove by longitudinally incising the distal quarter of the dorsal surface of the glans. Transverse suture then defines the margins of the neo-meatus, creates or deepens the glanular groove and promotes the formation of a thick anterior wall which deeply covers a short triangular Mathieu flap.

Functional evaluation by quantitative dimercaptosuccinic Acid scintigraphy after kidney trauma in children.

Purpose: Most pediatric surgical teams have adopted nonoperative treatment for a traumatic kidney lesion in children. In the emergency setting and at long-term followup dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scintigraphy enables us to identify the consequences on global renal function as well as on the function of each individual kidney.

Materials And Methods: Eight boys and 12 girls between 0.

Is one-stage ureterocele repair possible in children?

Aim: To determine the long-term results of ureterocele repair, bearing in mind the relative rarity of the malformation, its very polymorphic appearance and the diversity of treatments.

Materials And Methods: Long-term results were assessed by postoperative follow-up of 126 children with 131 ureteroceles between 1970-2000.

Results: With a mean follow-up of 72 months, only 64.

[Is one-stage ureterocele repair possible in children?].

Aim: To determine the long-term results of ureterocele repair, bearing in mind the relative rarity of the malformation, its very polymorphic appearance and the diversity of treatments.

Material And Methods: Long-term results were assessed by postoperative follow-up of 126 children with 131 ureteroceles between 1970-2000.

Results: With a mean follow-up of 72 months, only 64.

Long-term follow-up of a girl with oro-facio-digital syndrome type I due to a mutation in the OFD 1 gene.

In 1954, Papillon-Léage and Psaume described a dominant, X-linked condition which they named oro-facio-digital (OFD). This condition was split into at least nine syndromes, the more common being OFD I. We report a girl with OFD I syndrome followed up for 23 years.

Free/total PSA ratio does not improve prediction of pathologic stage and biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy.

Objectives: Despite several publications, the ability of the free/total (F/T) prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ratio to predict the pathologic extension of prostate cancer is still a matter of controversy. In addition, its ability to predict biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy has not yet been reported.

Methods: Since January 6, 1996, the F/T PSA ratio was prospectively measured preoperatively in 343 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy as the first treatment for localized prostate cancer.

Thoracoscopic treatment for delayed presentation of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in the infant. A report of three cases.

Background: Delayed presentations of congenital hernia occurring outside of the neonatal period have been reported for all ages. Classically, repair of the hernia defect involves a transverse subcostal laparotomy in the pediatric age group and usually a thoracotomy in the adult. The first report describing a laparoscopic repair of a congenital diaphragmatic hernia in a 6-month-old infant was published in 1995.

Three-flap anoplasty for imperforate anus: results for primary procedure or for redoes.

Unlabelled: Three-flap anoplasty was first described in 1987 by Yazbeck for the treatment of rectal prolapse after pull-through operations for imperforate anus, and in 1992 in a case of anterior perineal approach. It is intended to reproduce the normal anatomy of a sensitive anal canal. The purpose of this study is to evaluate 14 children (9 boys and 5 girls) operated for imperforate anus.

Pallister-Hall syndrome with stenosis of the cricoid cartilage and microphallus without hypopituitarism.

The Pallister-Hall syndrome is characterised by a spectrum of anomalies including congenital hypothalamic "hamartoblastoma" hypopituitarism, imperforate anus, polydactyly and various visceral anomalies. Rare familial cases with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern with variable expressivity have been reported. Cases of more mildly affected individuals with Pallister-Hall syndrome have been described, including cases of asymptomatic individuals.

[Minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of Hirschsprung disease].

Study Aim: The treatment of Hirschsprung's disease was improved by the laparoscopic approach. The study aim was to report the results of a short series.

Patients And Method: From December 1996 to January 2000, 13 children (7 boys and 6 girls) were operated for a Hirschsprung's disease with a laparoscopic approach.

Radiological evaluation of Duhamel's operation in Hirschsprung's disease. Attempt at radio-clinical correlation.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of the Duhamel cure technique in a case of Hirschsprung's disease with a barium colorectal opacification by low approach. The overall height of the rectal stump (HR), the depth of the blind part of the rectum (PR), the rectal diameter (DR), the diameter of the colorectal anastomosis (DA) were measured. The rectal volume of its blind part (VRB), the rectal volume of its functional part (VRF), the surface of the colorectal and subanal anastomosis, the VRF/VRB ratio were calculated.

Rupture of the airways after blunt chest trauma in two children.

Rupture of the airways after blunt chest trauma is exceptional in children. Two recent cases are reported, in a 3-year-old boy and in a 12-year-old girl. Both had longitudinal tears, of the trachea for Patient 1, and of the main left bronchus for Patient 2 with many associated lesions for this patient.

[Lumbar intraspinal synovial cysts: imaging and treatment by percutaneous injection. Report of thirteen cases].

Purpose: The CT and MR imaging findings in 13patients with lumbar intra spinal synovial cysts were retrospectively analysed and the results of facet corticosteroid injection were evaluated.

Patients And Methods: Over a 7 year period, 13patients with radicular pain were identified as having lumbar intra spinal synovial cysts. They ranged from 42 to 87 years of age.

Tracheobronchial ruptures from blunt thoracic trauma in children.

Background/purpose: Tracheobronchial ruptures in blunt thoracic trauma in children are rare. The aim of this study was to suggest the means of an early diagnosis and a conservative management as often as possible.

Methods: Sixteen cases of tracheobronchial ruptures by blunt thoracic trauma were observed over 26 years in 9 regional pediatric centers.