Treatment of type 2 diabetes in Latin America: a consensus statement by the medical associations of 17 Latin American countries. Latin American Diabetes Association.

Latin America faces unique challenges in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Asociación Latinoamericana de Diabetes (Latin American Diabetes Association, ALAD) brought together medical associations in 17 countries in Latin America to produce a consensus statement regarding the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The goal of the document is to provide practical recommendations that will guide clinicians through a simple decision-making process for managing patients.

Could pre-diabetes be considered a clinical condition? opinions from an endocrinologist and a cardiologist.

The prevalence of pre-diabetes is increasing worldwide and may start 7 to 10 years before the clinical diagnosis of diabetes. In this stage the presence and accumulation of risk factors is common and already implies an increase in cardiovascular risk. Likewise, the onset of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), mainly coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral vascular disease and cerebrovascular disease can also take place, all of which account for high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide.

Estimating cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes: a national multicenter study in Brazil.

Unlabelled: According to Brazilian National Data Survey diabetes is the fifth cause for hospitalization and is one of the ten major causes of mortality in this country.

Aims: to stratify the estimated cardiovascular risk (eCVR) in a population of type 2 diabetics (T2DM) according to the Framingham prediction equations as well as to determine the association between eCVR with metabolic and clinical control of the disease.

Methods: From 2000 to 2001 a cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted in 13 public out-patients diabetes/endocrinology clinics from 8 Brazilian cities.

The importance of pre-epiglottis space invasion in the treatment planning of larynx and hypopharynx cancer.

Unlabelled: The involvement of pre-epiglottis space can change the indication for partial laryngeal resection.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate inter-observer and intra-observer agreement by means of computed tomography analysis regarding the involvement of the pre-epiglottis space (PES) from carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract and its relation with therapeutic planning.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective study of ninety-five computed tomography exams of patients with squamous cell carcinoma, from 1990 to 2004, were selected and evaluated; 87 were males and eight females, with ages ranging from 32 to 73 years.

Prevalence of Type 2 diabetic patients within the targets of care guidelines in daily clinical practice: a multi-center study in Brazil.

Major clinical studies have shown that the targets for blood glucose, lipid profile and blood pressure in type 2 diabetic patients are difficult to maintain in clinical practice. However, there are few data concerning South American populations. Using guidelines represented by the Brazilian Diabetes Society, we evaluated cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, glycemic control and the availability of screening for diabetes complications in 2233 (60% females) outpatients with type 2 diabetes aged 59.

[Nationwide multicenter study on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Brazilian population].

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in type 2 diabetic (DM2) outpatients from different regions of Brazil.

Patients And Methods: We studied 2,519 randomly selected patients, from 11 hospitals, 2 endocrine and one general public care clinics from 10 cities. Overweight was defined as body-mass index (BMI) > 25 and obesity as BMI > 30 kg/m2.