Phenotypic Plasticity Strategy of Grass in Response to Heterogenous Saline Habitats.

Understanding the response variation of morphological parameters and biomass allocation of plants in heterogeneous saline environments is helpful in evaluating the internal correlation between plant phenotypic plasticity mechanism and biomass allocation. The plasticity of plants alters the interaction among individuals and their environment and consequently affects the population dynamics and aspects of community and ecosystem functioning. The current study aimed to assess the plasticity of traits with variation in saline habitats.

Vegetation Composition of the Halophytic Grass Communities within Coastal and Inland Sabkhas of Saudi Arabia.

Sabkhas are unique, highly saline ecosystems, where specially adapted plants can grow. (L.) Thwaites is a halophytic forage plant growing in salt marsh habitats of inland and coastal sabkhas of Saudi Arabia.

Comparative Chemical Profiles and Phytotoxic Activity of Essential Oils of Two Ecospecies of (L.) C.A.Mey.

The Asteraceae (Compositae) family is one of the largest angiosperm families that has a large number of aromatic species. is a well-known medicinal plant that is used in the treatment of various diseases due to its essential oil (EO). The EO of both Saudi and Egyptian ecospecies were extracted via hydrodistillation, and the chemical compounds were identified by GC-MS analysis.

Assessment of morphological and molecular variability of some Solanum melongena L. cultivars and wild Solanum incanum L. in Saudi Arabia.

The genus Solanum exhibits a wide range of variability in morphology, flavor, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Phenotypic and genetic variability using ISSR and RAPD markers of Solanum incanum distributed in Al-Baha province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is assessed. Thirty samples are representing three different locations: Baljershy, Aqeeq, and Tohama, besides twenty-five samples representing five different commercial cultivars tested.

Phytotoxic Effects of Plant Essential Oils: A Systematic Review and Structure-Activity Relationship Based on Chemometric Analyses.

Herbicides are natural or synthetic chemicals used to control unwanted plants (weeds). To avoid the harmful effects of synthetic herbicides, considerable effort has been devoted to finding alternative products derived from natural sources. Essential oils (EOs) from aromatic plants are auspicious source of bioherbicides.

Essential Oil of : Comparative Chemical Profiles, Antimicrobial Activity, and Allelopathic Potential on Weeds.

Plants are considered green resources for thousands of bioactive compounds. Essential oils (EOs) are an important class of secondary compounds with various biological activities, including allelopathic and antimicrobial activities. Herein, the present study aimed to compare the chemical profiles of the EOs of the widely distributed medicinal plant collected from Saudi Arabia and Egypt.

Functional Traits Plasticity of the Invasive Herb Sweet in Different Arid Habitats.

Understanding the strategies and mechanisms of invasive species could guide their control and management especially in arid ecosystems. This study compares the vegetative and reproductive functional traits of the invasive Mexican poppy (), in seven habitat types, in southwestern Saudi Arabia. The results showed that the aboveground phenological attributes such as plant height, leaf area, and leaf dry mass attained the highest values in the wadi channels, whereas these attributes attained the lowest values in the mountain ranges.

Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals along Three Main Drains in Nile Delta and Potential Phytoremediation by Macrophyte Plants.

The use of drainage water in the irrigation of agroecosystem is associated with environmental hazards, and can pose threats to human health. Nine heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Co, Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb) along three main drains in the middle Nile Delta were measures in the sediments, roots and shoots of three common macrophytes (, and ). The physicochemical characteristics, as well as the enrichment factor (Ef), contamination factor (Cf), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), ecological risk factor (Er), degree of contamination (Dc) and potential ecological risk index (PERI), were determined for sediment.

Interspecific variations in the habitats of (L.) Roth leading to changes in its bioactive constituents and allelopathic activity.

is an annual plant growing in different habitats of the Egyptian deserts. Little is known about variation among the habitats occupied by this species, its distribution, chemical composition, and allelopathic activity. The present study aimed to (a) assess the vegetation composition of three different habitats (Western Coast, Delta Coast, and Wadi Hagoul) of in Egypt, (b) determine their correlation to soil factors, (c) identify the changes in the bioactive constituents of in the three regions, and (d) evaluate the allelopathic activity regarding the variation in the habitat.

Nutritional Value, Mineral Composition, Secondary Metabolites, and Antioxidant Activity of Some Wild Geophyte Sedges and Grasses.

Geophytes are plants with underground storage organs including bulbs, corms, tubers, and rhizomes, often physiologically active and able to survive during harsh environmental conditions. This study is conducted to assess the nutritive value, mineral composition, bioactive metabolites, and antioxidant activity of five wild geophytes (Cyperus capitatus, C. conglomeratus, Elymus farctus, Lasiurus scindicus, and Panicum turgidum) collected from the Nile Delta coast and inland desert.

Habitat Affects the Chemical Profile, Allelopathy, and Antioxidant Properties of Essential Oils and Phenolic Enriched Extracts of the Invasive Plant .

The variation in habitat has a direct effect on the plants and as a consequence, changes their content of the bioactive constituents and biological activities. The present study aimed to explore the variation in the essential oils (EOs) and phenolics of collected from the coastal and inland habitats. Additionally, we determined their antioxidant and allelopathic activity against the weed, .

Impact of off-road vehicles on soil and vegetation in a desert rangeland in Saudi Arabia.

Off-road vehicle driving is considered as main contributor to land degradation in arid regions. This study examined the impact of off-road vehicles (ORV) on soil and vegetation in a natural recreational desert meadow of Raudhat Khuraim, Saudi Arabia. Vegetation canopy cover and plant height away from road tracks were assessed.

Threatened in an ancient volcanic protected area of Saudi Arabia: Floristic diversity and plant associations.

(Oliv.) Meikle is an endangered shrub with a restricted distribution, which inhabits banks of flood flow channels in small sites of ancient volcanic activity dominated by black basaltic boulders within the Harrat Al-Harrah protectorate, Northern Saudi Arabia. It is with limited information about its ecology and hence, the present study is focusing on its phytosociological behavior and ecological features.

Euphosantianane E-G: Three New Premyrsinane Type Diterpenoids from with Contribution to Chemotaxonomy.

species were widely used in traditional medicines for the treatment of several diseases. From the aerial parts of Egyptian endemic plant, , three new premyrsinane diterpenoids, namely, euphosantianane E-G (-), alongside four known triterpenes, 9,19-cyclolanostane-3β,24-diol (), 25-methoxycycloartane-3β,24-diol (), 25-methylenecycloartan-3β,24-diol (), and 25-methylenecycloartan-3β,24-diol (), were isolated and identified. The chemical structures were proven depending upon spectroscopic analysis, including FTIR, HRFABMS, and 1D/2D-NMR.

Preponderance of Oxygenated Sesquiterpenes and Diterpenes in the Volatile Oil Constituents of Lactuca serriola L. Revealed Antioxidant and Allelopathic Activity.

Using synthetic chemicals in industry and agriculture has led to several environmental problems. Thus, plant products derived from volatile oils (VOs) could be a potential green source for bioherbicides. Little is known about the VOs of Lactuca serriola.

Effects of open grazing and livestock exclusion on floristic composition and diversity in natural ecosystem of Western Saudi Arabia.

Livestock grazing is one of the main causes of rangeland degradation in Saudi Arabia. Fencing to exclude grazers is one of the main management practices used to restore vegetation and conserve biodiversity. The main objectives of this study were to investigate the changes in plant diversity and abundance, floristic composition and plant groups of the major life forms in response to thirty-five years of grazing exclosure in western Saudi Arabia.

Use of spatial analysis to test hypotheses on plant recruitment in a hyper-arid ecosystem.

Mounds originating from wind-blown sediment accumulation beneath vegetation (nebkhas) often indicate land degradation in dry areas. Thus far, most nebkha research has focused on individual plants. Here, we aimed to explore population-scale processes (up to scales of about 100 m) that might explain an observed nebkha landscape pattern.