Outcomes of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyposis and Risk Factors of Recurrence in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital.

Background: Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) has become the gold standard for treating patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) refractory to medical therapy. It is considered a relatively safe and effective procedure in all age groups, with overall success rates ranging from 76% to 97.5%.

STIMA: Submucosal Temporary Inferior Maxillary Antrostomy: A Modification of Conventional Antrostomy, A Retrospective Review.

Maxillary sinus pathology is commonly approached through endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy (MMA). However, MMA does not provide full exposure to certain aspects of the maxillary sinus, such as alveolar, zygomatic, and prelacrimal recesses. In these hidden maxillary sinus niches, a combination approach with MMA is required for better exposure and access.

Abducens Nerve Neuropraxia due to Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis: Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) is a common infection of the paranasal sinuses that can lead to complications such as orbital and intracranial extension. The abducens nerve course is adjacent to the sphenoid sinus. Diplopia is rarely the initial presentation of sphenoid sinus pathology.

Bilateral maxillary silent sinus syndrome: A case report and literature review.

Silent sinus syndrome refers to a spontaneous enophthalmos caused by maxillary sinus collapse without any symptomatic sinonasal illnesses. Its prevalence is almost entirely unilateral. The authors report a patient with a bilateral silent sinus syndrome managed successfully by middle meatal antrostomies.

Impact of Concurrent Chronic Rhinosinusitis on Complication Rates after Endonasal Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery: A Single-Center Experience.

 Preoperative planning of endoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS) is essential. The safety of performing surgery before managing sinus pathologies including concurrent chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in patients undergoing ESBS has been questioned. The current study aimed to evaluate and compare the complication rates between patients with and without CRS undergoing ESBS.

STIMA: Submucosal Temporary Inferior Maxillary Antrostomy: A Cadaveric Controlled Study of a Modification of the Conventional Antrostomy.

Inferior meatal antrostomy (IMA) is a safe and easy approach to the maxillary sinus. However, studies have shown disadvantages of conventional IMA, such as disruption of mucociliary transport and injury of the nasolacrimal duct (NLD). Endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy (MMA) has become the standard of care for addressing various maxillary pathologies.

Complications of endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: To aimed to determine the incidence of complications of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and to investigate the factors associated with the occurrence of complications.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed the medical records of all patients who had undergone ESS at King Saud University Medical City (KSUMC) between January 2015 and March 2022. Patients who underwent ESS for complicated acute sinusitis, sinonasal malignancy, and cerebrospinal fluid leak repair, and those who underwent extended ESS for indications other than chronic rhinosinusitis were excluded.

Loss of Vision Outcome for Allergic Fungal Sinusitis: Case Report and Literature Review.

Visual loss is a rare manifestation of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS). We report a case of an adult male who was diagnosed with AFRS and who presented during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown with sudden-onset complete vision loss and a lack of recovery after surgical and medical management. We reviewed the literature on reported cases of AFRS complicated by visual loss to identify factors associated with visual outcomes.

Evaluation of Chronic Rhinosinusitis Symptoms' Severity Following COVID-19 Infection: A Retrospective Analysis.

Objectives This study aims to compare the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) symptoms pre- and post-COVID-19 infection and estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of intranasal corticosteroids (ICS) among adult CRS patients. Methods This was an observational retrospective cohort study conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between July 2022 and October 2022. Adult CRS patients with sino-nasal outcomes test-22 (SNOT-22) scores documented prior to March 2020, marking the occurrence of Saudi Arabia's initial reported case of COVID-19, were requested to complete the SNOT-22 questionnaire following COVID-19 infection.

Suprasellar Meningioma Classification: Endoscopic Transnasal Perspective.

 Midline suprasellar meningiomas include planum sphenoidale, tuberculum sellae, and diaphragma sellae meningiomas. Multiple classifications have been previously documented; however, they come with controversies and limitations, including those with surgical implications. The aim of this study was to classify suprasellar meningiomas based on their behavior toward the underlying bone and neurovascular structures.

Demographic and clinical profile of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: To determine the clinical features of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis at a tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We enrolled 660 male and female participants with medical records indicating a history of chronic rhinosinusitis between 2021 and 2022.

Response to intranasal probiotic supplementation in refractory CRS is associated with modulation of non-type 2 inflammation and epithelial regeneration.

Justification: We have previously documented that in individuals with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) refractory to surgery, intranasal application of live , a probiotic bacterium, improves sinus-specific symptoms, SNOT-22, and mucosal aspect on endoscopy, accompanied by a reduction in sinus pathogens and an increase in protective bacteria. The present work explores the molecular mechanisms underpinning these observations using transcriptomics of the sinus mucosa.

Method: Epithelial brushings collected prospectively as a sub-study of the clinical trial were used to probe epithelial responses to microbiome supplementation using a hypothesis-free bioinformatic analysis of gene expression analysis.

Temporary Submucosal Inferior Maxillary Antrostomy: A Modification of the Inferior Antrostomy.

Complete removal of maxillary sinus pathology can be challenging in specific locations. In the past, the Caldwell-Luc procedure was used for maxillary sinus disease. Currently, the endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy (EMMA) approach is used.

Classification of Endoscopic Transnasal Lateral Skull Base Approaches: Anatomical Study.

Objective: Endoscopic transnasal approaches (ETAs) to the ventrolateral skull base are commonly classified according to coronal planes or anatomical structures. Our goal is to simplify the description of the ETA to lateral skull base regions in a sequential dissection with correlation to computed tomography, helping in preoperative planning and efficient surgical exposure, and exposing the surgical anatomy limitations.

Methods: Five freshly injected cadaver heads were dissected using an extended ETA to the lateral skull base.

Impact of Preoperative Steroids Administration on Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: Systematic Review of Literature, and a Survey in Saudi Arabia.

There is limited knowledge in the literature and lack of clear protocols among practitioners regarding preoperative steroids administration for patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). This study aimed to identify the practice patterns of rhinologists in Saudi Arabia as well as systematically review all health-related evidence regarding the use of preoperative steroids for ESS. A previously used questionnaire was modified and distributed in Saudi Arabia among rhinologists who finished their residency training.

Graft-Extended Nasoseptal Flap for Endoscopic Anterior Skull Base Reconstruction: A Novel Technique.

Reconstruction of the anterior part of the anterior skull base with a nasoseptal flap (NSF) is technically demanding. This challenge is mainly related to the real possible length of the flap. Herein, we describe a new technique for extending the NSF such that it can sufficiently cover the far anterior part of the anterior skull base.

Drug-Induced Rhinitis: Narrative Review.

Objectives: Rhinitis, one of the most common inflammatory conditions of the nasal mucosa, is known to affect a large proportion of people worldwide. It is generally classified into allergic and non-allergic types and both are associated with several unpleasant symptoms. Several medications prescribed for different medical conditions can cause unpleasant rhinitis as an adverse effect, which is known as drug-induced non-allergic rhinitis.

Adverse events of biological therapy in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: A systematic review.

The management of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is challenging due to disease recurrence and adverse effects. Both surgical and medical treatment modalities impact the quality of patients' lives. Monoclonal antibody treatment has recently been used successfully in CRS with limited reported adverse events.

Nasoseptal flap and rigid reconstruction in endoscopic endonasal skull base surgeries: The longitudinal experience of a single center.

Background: Recently, endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEA) have been used for skull base defect reconstruction surgeries. The nasoseptal flap (NSF), a vascular pedicled flap, was introduced to decrease postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage.

Purposes: This study aimed to outline the authors' institutional experience using NSF and rigid implants in anterior skull base defect reconstruction surgeries following EEA.

Extent of Nasal Irrigation in Non-operated Sinuses: A Cadaveric Trial.

Background: Nasal irrigation is among the most widely used treatment modalities for sinonasal diseases. The extent of irrigation is well studied in operated sinuses but not for non-operated sinuses. Moreover, the preferred head positioning during irrigation is not known.

Topical Intranasal Fluorescein to Diagnose and Localize Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak: A Systematic Review.

Objective: This study evaluates the available evidence regarding using topical intranasal fluorescein (TINF) to diagnose and localize nasal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak.

Methods: A literature search was conducted through PubMed, the Cochrane Database, Scopus, and Ovid to identify the articles providing insight into using TINF to diagnose CSF leak preoperatively or to localize the leak intraoperatively. The articles from the database were screened and filtered by two authors according to the selection criteria.

Endoscopic Transnasal Resection of Midline Skull Base Meningiomas: Tumor Consistency and Surgical Outcomes.

 The endoscopic transnasal approach (ETA) has proven to be of great value in the resection of midline skull base meningiomas when compared with traditional approaches. Our objective was to assess tumor consistency in relation to surgical outcomes for midline meningiomas (MMs) resected using ETA.  Radiological preoperative features, including the tumor to cerebellar peduncle T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ratio (TCTI), were evaluated.

Huge Concha Bullosa Involved With Allergic Fungal Sinusitis and Mimicking a Bony Tumor.

Concha bullosa (CB) is a pneumatized air cell within the nasal turbinates, often in the middle turbinate. CB is one of the most common anatomical variations found in the middle turbinate. It generally tends to be asymptomatic but can cause symptoms such as nasal obstruction, facial pain, and a decrease in the sense of smell.