Towards a National System-Level Intervention: Characterization of Burnout Among Trainees of Saudi Postgraduate Healthcare Professions Programs.

Background/objectives: High levels of burnout among healthcare professionals and trainees represent a global problem with identified profound impacts. The collection of national data for better characterization of this problem can guide more needs-sensitive targeted interventions. We aimed to identify the prevalence of burnout, the associated factors, and their impacts among trainees of Saudi postgraduate healthcare professions training programs.

Percutaneous cystolitholapaxy in reconstructed bladder through the bowel segment.

Introduction: Calculous formation is a well-known complication of lower urinary tract reconstruction using an intestinal segment. Special considerations are required as access to the reconstructed bladder is complicated. To date, a standard strategy is yet to be accepted.

Does Magnesium Affect Sex Hormones and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Patients with PCOS? Findings from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder associated with various cardiometabolic risk factors, including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity, which contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. This inaugural systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluated the impact of magnesium supplementation on various cardiometabolic risk factors and hormonal parameters in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). : We systematically searched the MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases until 30 March 2024 for studies comparing magnesium supplementation to control in improving cardiometabolic and hormonal factors in PCOS patients.

The impact, prevalence, and association of different forms of hair loss among individuals with anxiety disorder: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Hair loss is a serious health concern, with individuals having to bear the associated psychological impact of the condition. Alopecia has been linked to emotional and psychological anguish in relationships, career, and personal life.

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the intricate association, prevalence, and impact of hair loss with anxiety disorders, distinguished from other psychological impacts of alopecia.

Controlled Self-Assembly and Photo-Thermal Activation of Viologen-Based 2D Semiconductors for Dual-Function Energy Management in All-Weather Applications.

Solar thermal technology offers a promising solution to water scarcity; however, the continuous operation of solar evaporators remains challenging due to sunlight's intermittent availability. Herein, an alternative strategy is proposed to achieve dual-functional energy management of photo-thermoactivated viologen T semiconductors for enhanced solar water evaporation, water-enabled electricity generation, and electrothermal evaporation. A sequential cyanide-bridged layer-directed intercalation approach is developed, where infinitely π-stacked, redox-active N-methyl bipyridinium cations with near-planar structures are sandwiched between cyanide-bridged Mn-Fe.

Coenzyme Q10 and its liposomal form prevent copper cardiotoxicity by attenuating oxidative stress, TLR-4/NF-κB signaling and necroptosis in rats.

Copper (Cu) is an essential element involved in numerous biochemical, metabolic and cellular processes. Excessive exposure to the pesticide copper sulfate (CuSO4) was associated with toxic effects. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and its liposomal form (L-CoQ10) against myocardial injury induced by CuSO4, pinpointing the involvement of redox imbalance, TLR-4/NF-κB signaling and apoptosis.

Obsessive-compulsive Symptoms Prevalence among Medical Students in Four Major Universities, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder is recognized by the World Health Organization as one of the top 10 most disabling disorders globally. Characterized by recurrent and persistent thoughts (obsessions) and/or repetitive behaviors (compulsions), it significantly disrupts an individual's daily life, impacting routine, education, career development, and social relationships. The disorder's prevalence varies worldwide, with studies in Saudi Arabia showing a higher rate of obsessive-compulsive symptoms among medical students.

Global insight into rare disease and orphan drug definitions: a systematic literature review.

Objectives: This study sheds light on the available global definitions, classifications, and criteria used for rare diseases (RDs), ultrarare diseases (URDs), orphan drugs (ODs) and ultraorphan drugs (UODs) and provides insights into the rationale behind these definitions.

Design: A systematic literature review was conducted to identify existing definitions and the criteria used to define RDs, ODs and their subtypes.

Data Sources: Searches were performed in the PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science (Science and Social Sciences Citation Index) databases covering articles published from 1985 to 2021.

Association of killer immunoglobulin-like receptor genotypes and haplotypes with acute lymphoblastic leukemia risk.

Background: Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are key molecules used by natural killer (NK) cells to interact with target cells. These receptors exhibit extensive genotypic polymorphism which has been associated with varying outcomes in immune responses against diseases. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between genotypes and haplotypes with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in Saudi patients.

Synthesis, characterization, and enzyme inhibition evaluation of sitagliptin derivatives and their metal complexes.

Aims: This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of novel sitagliptin derivatives, aiming to develop potent, orally active anti-diabetic agents with minimal side effects for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Copper (II) (SCu1-SCu9) and zinc (II) (SZn1-SZn9) metal complexes of sitagliptin-based derivatives were synthesized via a template reaction.

Material & Method: The synthesized complexes were comprehensively characterized using elemental analysis, FTIR, UV-Vis, 1 h NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy.

Factors Affecting Vancomycin Trough Concentration; a Population Pharmacokinetic Model in Non-Critical Care Saudi Patients.

Background And Objective: Vancomycin is commonly prescribed in treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. While, vancomycins' pharmacokinetic vary among older patients, there is a paucity of data regarding specific characteristics influencing pharmacokinetics in Saudi adult patients. This study aims to establish a population-pharmacokinetic (Pop-PK) model for vancomycin in patients admitted to medical wards, with the focus on identification of patient characteristics influencing vancomycin trough concentrations.

Orthopedic research productivity of KSA: First bibliometric analysis.

Purpose: Medical research is a crucial indicator of a nation's reputation and development. However, there are concerns about the limited orthopedic research in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Therefore, this study conducted bibliometric analysis to investigate orthopedic research output from KSA.

Kerstersia gyiorum Isolated and Identified From the External Auditory Meatus of an Immunocompromised Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.

, a rare Gram-negative pathogen first identified in 2003, belongs to the family. Although infrequently reported, it has been isolated from various clinical infections, including wounds, and respiratory tract infections. Our case report highlights an unusual presentation of in a 13-year-old girl with a complex medical history, associated with external ear pressure ulcers.

Sex-Differences Influence Depressive-Like Behaviour via Alterations in Microglial Expression of GIF-1, TREM2, and IL-1β in an Acute Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Murine Neuroinflammation Model.

Background: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) have caused serious health issues worldwide. A growing body of evidence suggests a correlation between neuroinflammation and abnormal microglial activity with ND symptoms. Microglia survey play crucial roles in CNS during health and the injury.

Evaluating the Patterns of Impaction in Lower Third Molars and Associated Radiolucent Lesions: An Observational Cross-sectional Study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate radiolucent lesions associated with impacted lower third molars, focusing on their pathological diagnosis and the distribution of sex and age among the affected individuals.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at King Khalid Dental University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between January 2020 and August 2023. A total of 312 orthopantomography (OPGs) records were examined, covering 549 teeth.

The PPAR-α selective agonist WY14643 improves lupus nephritis via the downregulation of the RORγT/STAT3 signaling pathway in MRL/lpr mice.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a classic autoimmune disorder that mostly affects young women and involves various organs, such as the skin, joints, central nervous system, and kidneys. WY14643, a selective agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α, has previously shown anti-inflammatory effects in various disease models. However, its effects on lupus nephritis are yet to be explored.

Cutaneous Wound-Healing Activity of Quercetin-Functionalized Bimetallic Nanoparticles.

Quercetin, a natural flavonol, is reported to have significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, which further aids in its good wound-healing properties via acting on acute as well as chronic inflammatory phases. The current study is focused on understanding the potential of the green-synthesized iron and zinc oxide bimetallic (i.e.

Uremic Encephalopathy Presented as Stroke: The Value of Lentiform Fork Sign.

Uremic encephalopathy (UE) is a neurological complication of renal failure characterized by cognitive dysfunction and movement abnormalities. A novel radiologic sign termed the "lentiform fork sign" has been identified in patients with UE and metabolic acidosis. This sign manifests as bilateral symmetrical hyperintensities in the basal ganglia, bordered by a hyperintense rim on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), particularly on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences.

Heavy metals: toxicity and human health effects.

Heavy metals are naturally occurring components of the Earth's crust and persistent environmental pollutants. Human exposure to heavy metals occurs via various pathways, including inhalation of air/dust particles, ingesting contaminated water or soil, or through the food chain. Their bioaccumulation may lead to diverse toxic effects affecting different body tissues and organ systems.

The Effect of Perceived Social Support on Self-Esteem and Well-Being Among the General Population of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction Perceived social support refers to the subjective assessment of the extent to which an individual feels supported by others. It is a crucial factor that affects a person's mental health, as well as poor self-esteem, which is a common psychiatric complaint correlated with low perceived social support. As the field expands, a better understanding of the correlation between these factors and mental health is important.

A systematic review of obesity burden in Saudi Arabia: Prevalence and associated co-morbidities.

Introduction: Saudi Arabia has experienced an increasing trend in obesity prevalence in the last three decades; obesity is a significant risk factor for non-communicable diseases, which may cause healthcare and economic burdens. In this systematic review, we aim to explore the obesity prevalence, obesity-related complications (ORCs), and the economic burden of obesity in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Literature searches for relevant local studies across Saudi Arabia spanning 2012 to 2022 were performed in PubMed and EMBASE, along with supplementary searches for relevant congress abstracts.

"Brain Biopsy Revolution: Unveiling the Core Syringe Technique With Clinical Insights".

Background: Obtaining a definitive pathological diagnosis from brain tissue sampling was challenging due to the small, nonrepresentative sample. This study introduced a novel syringe technique for brain biopsy aimed at enhancing diagnostic accuracy by obtaining core tissue samples that better represent the targeted tissue.

Methods: The 10 patients with atypical brain lesions underwent the syringe biopsy.