Real-time optical fibre near-infrared chromatic dispersion analyser using collocated optical fibre gratings.

We present what we believe to be a novel optical fibre device for real-time measurements of near-infrared chromatic dispersion of a liquid medium from 1100 nm to 1700 nm. This inline optical fibre chromatic dispersion analyser is based upon collocated fibre long-period gratings written adjacently in the core by femtosecond laser inscription yielding 8 attenuation bands associated with different cladding modes, yielding 8 independent measurements. This fibre device is tested on a series of chemical compounds associated with wines.

UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap metabolomics of Syrah red wines during bottle ageing: Molecular markers of evolution and cork permeability.

An experiment involving the ageing of Syrah red wine was conducted over a period of 24 months, during which the impact of four different micro-agglomerated corks was examined. An untargeted UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap metabolomics analysis was performed and provided valuable insights into the chemical dynamics of red wine evolution. Forty-three specific discriminating compounds were found for non-aged wines, including various CHO and CHON-types molecules.

Using qualitative exit interviews to explore schizophrenia burden and treatment experience in clinical trial patients.

Introduction: Qualitative research methods can be used to obtain a deeper understanding of patient experience by collecting information in the patients' own words about their encounters, perspectives, and feelings. In this study, patients with schizophrenia were interviewed to capture their voice and to complement the quantitative data typically obtained in clinical trials.

Methods: Semi-structured exit interviews were conducted with 41 patients who completed or prematurely discontinued from a phase 3, open-label trial (NCT02873208).

Hybrid nanocellulose material as an adsorbent to remove reactive yellow 2 dye.

Textile dyes are frequently disposable in aqueous effluents, making it difficult to remove them from industrial effluents before their release to natural waters. This paper deals with the fabrication of cellulose-based adsorbents by reacting nanocelulose crystalline (nanocel) with N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ethylenediamine (TMSPEDA), forming the hybrid (silylpropyl)ethylenediamine@nanocellulose (SPEDA@nanocel), which was employed as adsorbent for the uptake of reactive yellow 2 dye (RY-2) from aqueous effluents. Characterisation of SPEDA@nanocel was carried out using FTIR, SEM-EDS, XRD, TGA, surface area, pH, and hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity ratio (HI).

Syrah Grape Polyphenol Extracts Protect Human Skeletal Muscle Cells from Oxidative and Metabolic Stress Induced by Excess of Palmitic Acid: Effect of Skin/Seed Ripening Stage.

Metabolic skeletal muscle (SM) dysfunction, triggered by increased oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairment, is a pivotal contributor to obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR). Addressing obesity and SM IR demands substantial lifestyle changes including regular exercise and dietary adjustments that are difficult to follow over time. This prompted exploration of alternative approaches.

Analysis of targeted phenolic ageing markers in Syrah red wines during bottle ageing: Influence of cork oxygen transfer rate.

A Syrah red wine ageing experiment was set up during 24-months and the influence of four micro-agglomerated corks were investigated. Specific phenolic ageing markers were selected and hemi-synthesized: vitisin B, malvidin-ethyl-catechin, and epicatechin-sulfonate. A targeted quantification method of these markers was then developed and validated by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography - triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS) operating in MRM (Multiple Reaction Monitoring).

Overcoming Health Information Inequities: Valley fever Information Repertoires Among Vulnerable Communities in California.

Although Valley fever represents a growing public health challenge for Central and Southern Californian residents, awareness remains severely limited. The California Department of Public Health (CDPH) ran a cross-platform campaign to mitigate this awareness gap and impact prevention behavior. This study evaluates exposure to the CDPH campaign, followed by an examination of the information consumption patterns associated with key health outcomes.

A concept elicitation study to understand the relationship between sleep and pain in rheumatoid arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis.

Purpose: This qualitative study (GSK study: 213635) was designed to better understand sleep disturbance as experienced by individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), and the relationship between sleep disturbance and pain and other aspects of the disease and disease activity.

Methods: Sixty-minute, one-on-one, concept elicitation interviews were conducted with 30 participants (15 with RA and 15 with axSpA) from the US. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim.

Impact of phenolic composition and antioxidant parameters on the ageing potential of Syrah red wines measured by accelerated ageing tests.

Fourteen Syrah red wines with different initial composition and antioxidant properties (polyphenols, antioxidant capacity, voltammetric behaviour, colour parameters and SO) were selected. Three different accelerated ageing tests (AATs) were then performed on these wines: thermal test at 60 °C (60 °C-ATT), enzymatic test with laccase (Laccase-ATT) and chemical test with HO (HO-ATT). The results showed high correlations between the initial phenolic composition and antioxidant properties of the samples.

Unmet needs with antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder: patient perspectives from qualitative focus groups.

Background: Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar I disorder (BD-I) are chronic mental health disorders often treated with antipsychotic medications. This qualitative study sought to better understand disease burden and treatment experiences with oral antipsychotic medications in participants living with SZ or BD-I.

Methods: Six 90-min focus groups were conducted with participants diagnosed with SZ or BD-I.

Content validity and psychometric properties of the inFLUenza Patient-Reported Outcome Plus (FLU-PRO Plus) instrument in patients with COVID-19.

Purpose: A well-defined and reliable patient-reported outcome instrument for COVID-19 is important for assessing symptom severity and supporting research studies. The InFLUenza Patient-Reported Outcome (FLU-PRO) instrument has been expanded to include loss of taste and smell in the FLU-PRO Plus, to comprehensively cover COVID-19 symptoms. Our studies were designed to evaluate and validate the FLU-PRO Plus among patients with COVID-19.

Grape Polyphenols in the Treatment of Human Skeletal Muscle Damage Due to Inflammation and Oxidative Stress during Obesity and Aging: Early Outcomes and Promises.

Today, inactivity and high-calorie diets contribute to the development of obesity and premature aging. In addition, the population of elderly people is growing due to improvements in healthcare management. Obesity and aging are together key risk factors for non-communicable diseases associated with several co-morbidities and increased mortality, with a major impact on skeletal muscle defect and/or poor muscle mass quality.

Validation of the PROFAD-SSI-SF in Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome with Organ Involvement: Results of Qualitative Interviews and Psychometric Analyses.

Introduction: The Profile of Fatigue and Discomfort-Sicca Symptoms Inventory-Short Form (PROFAD-SSI-SF) is a 19-item patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure to assess pain, fatigue, and dryness in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). This analysis identified concepts important to measure, and evaluated the content validity and measurement properties of the PROFAD-SSI-SF, in patients with pSS.

Methods: Qualitative analyses (GSK Study 208396) used transcripts from an online concept elicitation (CE) discussion forum with patients with pSS and interviews with key opinion leaders (KOLs) to finalize a disease model depicting important concepts for patients with pSS.

Qualitative research with patients and caregivers of patients with PIK3CA related overgrowth spectrum: content validity of clinical outcome assessments.

Background: PIK3CA-Related Overgrowth Spectrum (PROS) are rare syndromes caused by a mutation in the PIK3CA gene, including fibroadipose hyperplasia or overgrowth; congenital lipomatous overgrowth, vascular malformations, epidermal nevi, scoliosis/skeletal and spinal (CLOVES); megalencephaly-capillary malformation (MCAP or M-CM); fibro-adipose vascular anomaly (FAVA); Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KT; also known as, Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome); capillary, lymphatic, and venous malformations (CLVM); and lymphatic malformation (LM). Characterized by malformations and tissue overgrowth, PROS manifests at birth or in early childhood. Pain and functional limitations associated with these conditions may greatly impact the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of persons with PROS including physical functioning, work/school, social functioning, and emotional well-being.

Improved Analysis of Isomeric Polyphenol Dimers Using the 4th Dimension of Trapped Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry.

Dehydrodicatechins resulting from (epi)catechin oxidation have been investigated in different foods and natural products, but they still offer some analytical challenges. The purpose of this research is to develop a method using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with trapped ion mobility spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-TIMS-QTOF-MS/MS) to improve the characterization of dehydrodicatechins from model solutions (oxidation dimers of (+)-catechin and/or (-)-epicatechin). Approximately 30 dehydrodicatechins were detected in the model solutions, including dehydrodicatechins B with and -interflavanic configurations and dehydrodicatechins A with -configuration.

Impact of Acetaldehyde Addition on the Sensory Perception of Syrah Red Wines.

Two experimental Syrah red wines with different polyphenol contents were used to study the impact of acetaldehyde addition on olfactory perception. Free acetaldehyde levels were measured in red wine by Head Space-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HS-GC-MS) to determine the acetaldehyde combination levels for those wines. Significant differences were observed for both sensory threshold and acetaldehyde combination for the wines.

Study of the oxidative evolution of tannins during Syrah red wines ageing by tandem mass spectrometry.

Red wine is a very complex medium in which condensed tannins undergo many modifications during winemaking and bottle ageing. These reactions have an impact on the organoleptic properties. This work aimed to highlight tannins evolution related to wine evolution by studying three vintages of Syrah wines.

UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap /MS identification of (+)-Catechin oxidation reaction dimeric products in red wines and grape seed extracts.

B-type procyanidin dimers and (+)-catechin dimeric oxidation products were analyzed in grape seed extracts and red wines (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS). The different dimers had different fragmentation patterns according to their interflavan linkage position. Oxidation dimeric compounds had a specific fragment ion at m/z 393, missing for B-Type dimers fragmentations.

Red Wine Oxidation Characterization by Accelerated Ageing Tests and Cyclic Voltammetry.

In order to obtain information on the oxidative behavior of red wines, oxygen consumption rates and electrochemical changes (cyclic voltammetry) were measured for nine red wines subject to three different accelerated ageing tests: chemical (with hydrogen peroxide), enzymatic (with laccase from ), and temperature (at 60 °C). Oxidative behavior depended both on the wine sample and accelerated ageing test type. A good correlation was observed between electrochemical parameters of charges for reference/non-oxidized wines, in accordance with their antioxidant capacity, and the variation of charges after enzymatic and temperature tests, meaning that cyclic voltammetry could be used in order to predict these two oxidation tests and reflect the wine sensitivity towards respective oxidation targets.

Content validation of observer-reported sickle cell pain diaries (SCPD-CS and SCPD-CN): results from interviews with caregivers.

Background: Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) experience daily pain and acute episodes known as sickle cell pain crises (SCPCs). The Sickle Cell Pain Diary-Caregiver Report (SCPD-C) is an observer-reported diary for use by caregivers of children ages < 12 years with SCD. This study reports on the content validity of the SCPD-C.

Unambiguous NMR Structural Determination of (+)-Catechin-Laccase Dimeric Reaction Products as Potential Markers of Grape and Wine Oxidation.

(+)-Catechin-laccase oxidation dimeric standards were hemi-synthesized using laccase from in a water-ethanol solution at pH 3.6. Eight fractions corresponding to eight potential oxidation dimeric products were detected.

Content validation of a self-report daily diary in patients with sickle cell disease.

Background: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a genetic progressive vascular disease that impacts patients overall health and quality of life. Sickle-cell pain crises (SCPCs) are a hallmark clinical presentation of SCD and have been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The Sickle Cell Pain Diary- Self Report (SCPD-S) was developed as a daily patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure primarily intended to capture the frequency and severity of SCD-related pain during and outside of a SCPC.

Qualitative and psychometric approaches to evaluate the PROMIS pain interference and sleep disturbance item banks for use in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) commonly experience pain despite the availability of disease-modifying treatments. Sleep disturbances are frequently reported in RA, with pain often a contributing factor. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pain Interference and Sleep Disturbance item banks were initially developed to provide insights into the patient experience of pain and sleep, respectively, though they were not specifically intended for use in RA populations.