Time-resolved DPIV investigation of pulsatile flow in symmetric stenotic arteries--effects of phase angle.

The effect of phase angle between pressure and flow waveforms on the flow characteristics in stenosed compliant vessels for coronary (phase angle (PA) of approximately -225 deg) and peripheral flows (PA of approximately -45 deg) is investigated using time resolved digital particle image velocimetry. Synthetic arteries with 50% and 75% stenosis at various physiological conditions with Reynolds numbers (Re) of 250, 350, and 450 and corresponding Womersley parameter (alpha) of 2.7, 3.

In vitro comparison of the effect of stent configuration on wall shear stress using time-resolved particle image velocimetry.

Time resolved particle image velocimetry was used to measure wall shear stress (WSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI) within a 3.0 mm diameter compliant vessel model implanted with an Abbott Vascular XIENCE V stent in five configurations: baseline, over-expanded, increased vessel diameter, two overlapped stents, and increased stent length. Flow through unstented vessels was also tested for comparison.

In vitro, time-resolved PIV comparison of the effect of stent design on wall shear stress.

The effect of stent design on wall shear stress (WSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI) was studied in vitro using time-resolved digital particle image velocimetry (DPIV). Four drug-eluting stents [XIENCE V (Abbott Vascular), TAXUS Liberté (Boston Scientific), Endeavor (Medtronic), and Cypher (J&J Cordis)] and a bare-metal stent [VISION (Abbott Vascular)] were implanted into compliant vessel models, and the flow was measured in physiologically accurate coronary conditions featuring reversal and realistic offsets between pressure and flowrate. DPIV measurements were made at three locations under two different flow rates (resting: Re = 160, f = 70 bpm and exercise: Re = 300, f = 120 bpm).