Prevalence of Second Hand Smoke Exposure and Measures to Overcome: A Cross Sectional Study among Youth in Urban Hyderabad.

In India, the prevalence of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is 29.5% in general and 11.2% at home.

Online Teaching during Pre and Para Clinical Phase in Response to COVID-19 Pandemic and its Impact on Clinical Training-Perception of Indian Medical Students.

Background COVID-19 pandemic has thrown a lot of challenges at medical education system and has necessitated a swift change from conventional classroom/laboratoryoriented/bed-side teaching to technology based online teaching. Academicians have worked hard to overcome robust challenges to facilitate students' continued learning. Objective In the wake of this drastic shift in teaching methodology, the present study aimed to investigate and understand the perceptions of medical students about online teaching and its impact on clinical training.

Cardiac Severity Classification Using Pre Trained Neural Networks.

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is the most effective instrument for making decisions about various forms of heart disease. As a result, several researchers have focused on the ECG signal to extract the features of heartbeats with high precision and efficiency. This article offers a hybrid approach to classifying different cardiac conditions using the Feed Forward Back Propagation Neural Network (FFBPNN), by providing a pre-processed ECG signal as an excitation.

Brain Tumor Segmentation of T1w MRI Images Based on Clustering Using Dimensionality Reduction Random Projection Technique.

Background: Early diagnosis of a brain tumor may increase life expectancy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) accompanied by several segmentation algorithms is preferred as a reliable method for assessment. The availability of high-dimensional medical image data during diagnosis places a heavy computational burden and a suitable pre-processing step is required for lower- dimensional representation.

Circulatory metastin/kisspeptin-1 in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis with diagnostic test accuracy.

Research Question: A close association between Kisspeptin-1 (KISS-1) and reproductive physiology has been reported, but the results on circulatory KISS-1 are ambiguous in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the association between KISS-1 and PCOS, and to test its diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) through DTA meta-analysis.

Design: Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed and other databases in addition to manual searching of cross-references.

Ethnicity and breast cancer characteristics in Kenya.

Purpose: There are no published data from specific regions of sub-Saharan Africa describing the clinical and pathological characteristics and molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer by ethnic group. The purpose of this study was to investigate these characteristics among the three major ethno-cultural groupings in Kenya.

Methods: The study included women with pathologically confirmed breast cancer diagnosed between March 2012 and May 2015 at 11 hospitals throughout Kenya.

Indian health care professionals' attitude towards spiritual healing and its role in alleviating stigma of psychiatric services.

Persons with mental illnesses in India and rest of developing world continue to consult religious/spiritual (R/S) healers or traditional, complementary and alternative medicine (TCAM) professionals prior to seeking psychiatric services that are devoid of spiritual components of care. We aim to understand TCAM and allopathic professionals' perspectives on patients' R/S needs within mental health services, cross-sectional study was conducted at five TCAM and two allopathic tertiary care hospitals in three different Indian states; 393 participants completed RSMPP, a self-administered, semi-structured survey questionnaire. Perspectives of TCAM and allopathic health professionals on role of spirituality in mental health care were compared.

Perspectives of Indian traditional and allopathic professionals on religion/spirituality and its role in medicine: basis for developing an integrative medicine program.

Allopathic medical professionals in developed nations have started to collaborate with traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine (TCAM) to enquire on the role of religion/spirituality (r/s) in patient care. There is scant evidence of such movement in the Indian medical community. We aim to understand the perspectives of Indian TCAM and allopathic professionals on the influence of r/s in health.

Breast cancer diagnosis in a resource poor environment through a collaborative multidisciplinary approach: the Kenyan experience.

Introduction: The majority of women with breast cancer in Kenya present with node-positive (stage II) or locally advanced Q7 disease (stage IIIB). Diagnosis is made on fine needle aspirate cytology and treatment is with surgery if resectable. Diagnostic core biopsy is available only at subspecialty hospitals.

Pfcrt haplotypes and the evolutionary history of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum.

Mutations in the Pfcrt gene that change the resulting amino acids and form different haplotypes are common and correlate with the prevalence of chloroquine resistant (CQR) field isolates of the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. This correlation provides opportunities to infer the global evolutionary history of CQ resistance by analysing CQR Pfcrt haplotype data. We collated data on the Pfcrt haplotypes from different global studies and performed evolutionary genetic analysis to present comprehensive and comparative information on the global distribution of five major CQR-Pfcrt haplotypes and evolutionary inter-relationships among 38 different countries.

Congenital extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma of chest wall--a rare case report.

Congenital extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma or peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor is an extremely uncommon and invariably fatal tumor. We report a case of extraskeletal congenital Ewing's sarcoma in a female fetus delivered at 34 weeks of gestation who died immediately after birth. In English literature, majority of cases of Ewing's sarcoma in neonates reported were skeletal.

Protective effect of leaves of Raphinus sativus Linn on experimentally induced gastric ulcers in rats.

Raphinus sativus Linn (Cruciferae) commonly known as 'Radish' is a multipurpose herb cultivated in different parts of the world for its edible roots and leaves. The present study was aimed to evaluate the antiulcer activity of leaf extracts of R. sativus Linn on acetic acid induced chronic gastric ulcer and pylorus ligation induced gastric ulcer in rats.

Ethyl 3-oxo-2-(2-phenyl-hydrazinyl-idene)butano-ate: a re-determination.

The previous crystallographic studies [Wang et al. (2005 ▶). Huaxue Yanjiu16, 29-32; Wang et al.

Fertility inducing effect of aerial parts of Coccinia cordifolia L. in female rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The aerial parts of Coccinia cordifolia L. are used to treat female infertility in West Bengal state of India.

Aim Of The Study: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the fertility inducing effect of aerial parts of Coccinia cordifolia L.

Effect of centrally administered losartan on gastric and duodenal ulcers in rats.

The effect of centrally administered losartan, an AT(1) receptor antagonist, on gastric acid secretion and gastric cytoprotection was studied using different models of gastric ulcers, such as acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcers, pylorus ligation, ethanol-induced and stress-induced acute gastric ulcers and cysteamine hydrochloride-induced duodenal ulcer. Losartan was administered intracerebroventrically (i.c.

Effect of central administration of ondansetron, a 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonist on gastric and duodenal ulcers.

The effect of central administration of ondansetron, a 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist on gastric secretion and gastric cytoprotection was evaluated using four different models of gastric ulcers and cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer. Ondansetron was administered at two different doses of 20 microg/kg, intracerebroventricular (i.c.

Antiulcer activity of methanolic extract of Momordica charantia L. in rats.

Aim Of The Study: Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) commonly known as 'bitter gourd' is a multi purpose herb cultivated in different parts of the world for its edible fruits. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of standardized methanolic extract of Momordica charantia L.

Pharmacodynamic interaction of Momordica charantia with rosiglitazone in rats.

The present study was undertaken to determine the interaction of rosiglitazone, a PPAR-gamma agonist with methanolic extract of Momordica charantia L (MC), an herbal drug used widely as an antidiabetic agent. The pharmacodynamic interaction was evaluated in oral glucose tolerance test, streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in adult rats and STZ induced diabetes in neonatal rats. Rosiglitazone was given orally at two different doses of 2mg/kg and 5mg/kg and MC was administered at a dose of 500 mg/kg, p.

Antiulcer activity of cod liver oil in rats.

Objective: Cod liver oil is used widely as a dietary supplement. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of cod liver oil (0.5 g/kg, p.

Effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha agonist (bezafibrate) on gastric secretion and gastric cytoprotection in rats.

The effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha) on gastric secretion and gastric cytoprotection was evaluated using five different models of gastric ulcers: acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcers, pylorus ligation, ethanol-induced, indomethacin-induced and ischemia-reperfusion-induced gastric ulcers. Bezafibrate, a PPAR-alpha agonist was administered at two different doses of 10 and 100 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneanally. Both doses of bezafibrate showed significant antiulcer effect in ethanol-induced, indomethacin-induced and pylorus ligation-induced gastric ulcers.

Spice phenolics inhibit human PMNL 5-lipoxygenase.

A wide variety of phenolic compounds and flavonoids present in spices possess potent antioxidant, antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic activities. We examined whether 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), the key enzyme involved in biosynthesis of leukotrienes is a possible target for the spices. Effect of aqueous extracts of turmeric, cloves, pepper, chili, cinnamon, onion and also their respective active principles viz.

Measurements of absolute x-ray generation efficiency for selected K, L, and M-lines.

The absolute efficiency of generation of a selection of K, L, and M- x-ray lines has been measured as a function of the incident electron beam energy. At an overvoltage U=2 this efficiency falls within the range 1E-4 to 1E-7, with K-lines being highest and L-Lines usually being the lowest. It is shown that for all three families of lines the efficiency has a functional variation which has the form A.