Can generative artificial intelligence provide accurate medical advice?: a case of ChatGPT versus Congress of Neurological Surgeons management of acute cervical spine and spinal cord injuries clinical guidelines.

Study Design: An experimental study.

Purpose: To explore the concordance of ChatGPT responses with established national guidelines for the management of cervical spine and spinal cord injuries.

Overview Of Literature: ChatGPT-4.

Optimizing wound healing following lumbar spine surgery.

The prevalence of open lumbar spine procedures has increased due to surgical advancements and an aging population. This study examined prophylactic closure by the plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS) service compared to similar procedures from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database. Patients who underwent lumbar spine surgery closed primarily by the PRS service at a large academic surgical center between January 2016 and June 2023 were included, while grafts or flaps were excluded.

Evaluating Artificial Intelligence in Spinal Cord Injury Management: A Comparative Analysis of ChatGPT-4o and Google Gemini Against American College of Surgeons Best Practices Guidelines for Spine Injury.

Study Design: Comparative Analysis.

Objectives: The American College of Surgeons developed the 2022 Best Practice Guidelines to provide evidence-based recommendations for managing spinal injuries. This study aims to assess the concordance of ChatGPT-4o and Gemini Advanced with the 2022 ACS Best Practice Guidelines, offering the first expert evaluation of these models in managing spinal cord injuries.

Retinal Vascular Complications in Cocaine Abuse: A Case Report and a Literature Review.

This comprehensive review examines the ocular vascular complications of cocaine use, focusing on its effects on retinal vasculature and inflammation. A rare case of bilateral frosted branch angiitis (FBA) in a 48-year-old man with a history of intranasal cocaine abuse is presented as an illustrative example to stimulate discussion. The case highlights severe retinal ischemia and vascular sheathing, with no identifiable infectious or autoimmune cause, ultimately complicated by systemic vascular events.

Examining the Influence of the Route of Administration and Dose of Estradiol on Serum Estradiol and Testosterone Levels in Feminizing Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy.

Introduction: Individuals may seek gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) to align their physical appearance with their gender identity. Feminizing GAHT typically involves the use of estrogen. This study investigates the effect of route of administration (ROA) and dose of estradiol on estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) levels in transfeminine individuals.

ChatGPT versus NASS clinical guidelines for degenerative spondylolisthesis: a comparative analysis.

Background Context: Clinical guidelines, developed in concordance with the literature, are often used to guide surgeons' clinical decision making. Recent advancements of large language models and artificial intelligence (AI) in the medical field come with exciting potential. OpenAI's generative AI model, known as ChatGPT, can quickly synthesize information and generate responses grounded in medical literature, which may prove to be a useful tool in clinical decision-making for spine care.

Outcomes of Supracricoid Partial Laryngectomy Performed in the United States: A Systematic Review.

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate oncologic outcomes of all published cases of supracricoid partial laryngectomy (SCPL) performed in the United States. The secondary objective was to assess the functional outcomes associated with this procedure.

Review Methods: A systematic review of PubMed, SCOPUS, and Embase for all English-language studies pertaining to SCPL performed in the United States was conducted until August 2021.

Diagnostic Difficulties of Plunging Ranula: A Review of 18 Cases.

Objective(s): Despite advancements in imaging techniques and cytological analysis, plunging ranula remains a challenging surgical, radiologic, and pathologic phenomenon. Of the 18 patients we evaluated at our institution, we highlight three cases that illustrate the high rate of misleading imaging and cytological results when assessing plunging ranula.

Methods: Imaging results, biopsy findings, operative techniques, and pathological reports were reviewed from patients who had either a preoperative or postoperative diagnosis of ranula and underwent surgery by a single head and neck surgeon at a tertiary care center.

Functional loss of tumor suppressor genes detected by loss of heterozygosity, but not driver mutations, predicts aggressive lymph node status in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: Recognizing aggressive tumor biology is essential to optimizing patient management for papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC). Aggressive lymph node (ALN) status is one feature that influences decision-making. We evaluated genomic deletions in regions of tumor suppressor genes, detected by loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis, to understand causal alterations linked to thyroid cancer aggressiveness and to serve as a molecular diagnostic biomarker for ALN status.

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease and COVID.

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) is a rare multisystem inflammatory disease affecting the eyes, ears, brain, skin, and hair. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new contagious infection that might trigger the onset of VKH disease, as previously proposed for other viruses. Moreover, after the mass vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 worldwide, cases of VKH disease associated with COVID-19 vaccination have been reported.

In Vivo Visualization of Macrophage-Like Cells in Patients with Uveitis by Use of Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography.

Aims: To detect macrophage-like cells (MLCs) in uveitis patients and describe their characteristics compared to healthy subjects by using SS-OCTA.

Methods: Fifteen consecutive patients with "active" uveitis and 11 healthy participants underwent 6 macular scans of 6×6mm using SS-OCTA. The 3μm OCT slabs on inner limiting membrane were used to visualize the MLCs.

Thromboembolic prophylaxis in spine surgery: an analysis of ChatGPT recommendations.

Background Context: Venous thromboembolism is a negative outcome of elective spine surgery. However, the use of thromboembolic chemoprophylaxis in this patient population is controversial due to the possible increased risk of epidural hematoma. ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence model which may be able to generate recommendations for thromboembolic prophylaxis in spine surgery.

Fundus autofluorescence in uveitis: from pathogenesis to imaging interpretation.

Purpose: This review aims to summarize the current fundus autofluorescence (FAF) ailment for diagnosis and follow-up of uveitis.

Methods: A thorough literature search was performed in the PubMed database.

Results: FAF maps the retinal pigment epithelium's (RPE) health.

Frozen Section Analysis in Head and Neck Surgical Pathology: A Narrative Review of the Past, Present, and Future of Intraoperative Pathologic Consultation.

Frozen section has remained the diagnostic gold standard for intraoperative pathological evaluation of surgical margins for head and neck specimens. While achieving tumor-free margins is of utmost importance to all head and neck surgeons, in practice, there are numerous debates and a lack of standardization for the role and method of intraoperative pathologic consultation. This review serves as a summary guide to the historical and contemporary practice of frozen section analysis and margin mapping in head and neck cancer.

A staged approach to oromandibular reconstruction using the iliac crest free flap in the setting of bilateral failed fibula free flaps.

Background: While a single-stage free-flap reconstruction is the preferred approach for oromandibular defects, a multistaged approach may be necessary in rare cases. These patients can still be effectively restored with functional and aesthetic improvements.

Methods: We report two cases with a history of bilateral failed fibula free flaps.

Psychological adjustment to initial treatment for low-risk thyroid cancer: Preliminary study.

Background: Low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (LR-PTC) can be managed by immediate surgery (IS) or active surveillance (AS). We compare the psychological impact of these treatments on patients with LR-PTC.

Methods: Psychological data were collected over 1 year, with assessments at the time of treatment decision (T1), at 6 months (T2) and 12 months (T3) follow-up.

Bilateral Conjunctivitis, Keratitis, and Anterior Uveitis in a Patient Co-infected with Parvovirus B19 and SARS-CoV-2.

Parvovirus B-19 (B19V) is a common infection in children, occasionally complicated by ocular manifestations. In patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS-CoV-2), many cases of bacterial, fungal, and viral co-infections have been described. We report on a case of bilateral conjunctivitis, keratitis, and anterior uveitis that occurred in a patient co-infected by B19V and SARS-CoV-2.

Utilizing 3D head and neck specimen scanning for intraoperative margin discussions: Proof of concept of our novel approach.

Background: The current standard of documenting and communicating frozen section margin results is inefficient. We present a novel method of generating 3D digital models of gross tumor specimens to more clearly visualize histopathological margin results.

Methods: Fifty-five head and neck specimens were scanned and virtually "inked" using 3D software.