The resistance to methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta in anemic patients of end-stage renal disease.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global disease, and the number of people affected is increasing due to driving factors such as diabetes, obesity, and hypertension, as well as increased life expectancy. Many patients with CKD suffer anemia throughout the period of their disease.

Aim: This research aimed to investigate the relation between resistance to the methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta (ME-β) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism.

The adjuvant use of calcium fructoborate and borax with etanercept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Pilot study.

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the effects calcium fructoborate (CFB) and sodium tetraborate (NTB) as supplements in Iraqi patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) maintained on etanercept.

Materials And Methods: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial with 60 days treatment period was carried out at Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Medical city, Baghdad, Iraq. Eighty RA patients were randomized into three groups to receive either 220 mg/day CFB, 55 mg/day NTB in capsule dosage form (equivalent to 6 mg elemental Boron), or placebo formula once daily.